1、Designation: D4140 07 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide for DeterminingVolatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers, Drying Oils,Naval Stores, and Solvents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of theproper ASTM test method
3、for determining the volatile andnonvolatile content of driers, drying oils, naval stores, andsolvents.NOTE 1Test methods for determining the composition of the volatilefraction are not covered by this guide.1.2 The test methods included are as follows:Standard Section ASTM DesignationDriers 5.1 D164
4、4Drying oils 5.2 D555D1960Naval stores 5.3 D233D889D1131Solvents 5.4 D13532. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, andApplicationsD233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing TurpentineD555 Guide for Testing Drying Oils (Withdrawn 2007)3D804 Ter
5、minology Relating to Pine Chemicals, IncludingTall Oil and Related ProductsD889 Test Method for Volatile Oil in RosinD1131 Test Methods of Testing Rosin Oils (Withdrawn2003)3D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-vents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and RelatedProductsD1644 Te
6、st Methods for Nonvolatile Content of VarnishesD1960 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Drying Oils(Withdrawn 2003)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 drier, nan additive that accelerates the drying of anoil, paint, printing ink, or varnish (from Terminology D16).3.1.1.1 DiscussionDriers are usuall
7、y metallic composi-tions and are available in both solid and liquid forms.3.1.2 drying oil, nan oil that possesses to a marked degreethe property of readily taking up oxygen from wood chiefly ofthe pine species (Genus Pinus) (from Terminology D16).3.1.3 naval stores, nchemically reactive oils, resin
8、s, tars,and pitches derived from the oleoresin contained in, exuded by,or extracted from wood chiefly of the pine species (GenusPinus) (from Terminology D804).4. Significance and Use4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used todetermine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint a
9、ndrelated coatings. Such information may be useful to coatingsproducers and users for the determination of the total solidsavailable for film formation and for the estimation of thevolatile organic content.5. Procedure5.1 DriersMost liquid driers for use in paints and var-nishes are sold as solution
10、s, so usually contain significantamounts of solvent. Use Method A in Test Methods D1644 todetermine the nonvolatile content.5.2 Drying OilsTest Method D1960 covers the determi-nation of moisture and any other material that is volatile underthe conditions of the test. It is applicable to all natural
11、dryingoils. This method should be used only for gross contaminationwith volatile materials. It is not a true loss measure since smallamounts of oxygen in the inert gas used will be absorbed by theoil, resulting in a small gain in weight that may more thanoffset small losses.5.3 Naval Stores:5.3.1 Ro
12、sinTest Method D889 covers the determination ofthe volatile oil content of rosin or similar material. The oil may1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical An
13、alysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4140 07. DOI:10.1520/D4140-07R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servi
14、ce at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright A
15、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1consist of naturally occurring terpene oil or of foreign nonter-pene oil resulting from incomplete removal of solvent used toextract the resin from wood or still wastes.5.3.2 Rosin OilsTest Methods
16、 D1131, Section 9, coversthe determination of volatile matter in rosin oils. The term“rosin oil” includes the oils obtained by dry destructivedistillation of rosin, with or without subsequent redistillation,and also certain compounded oils prepared from a rosin oilbase.5.3.3 TurpentineTest Methods D
17、233, Sections 20 through22, cover the determination of the evaporation residue ofturpentine.5.3.4 Other Naval StoresProcedures for determination ofvolatile and nonvolatile content of naval stores not specified in5.3.1 through 5.3.3 should be agreed upon between theproducer and the user.5.4 SolventsT
18、est Method D1353 covers the determinationof the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvents for use in paintand related coatings and materials.6. Precision6.1 Some of the referenced ASTM standards have precisionlimits. Reference to the individual standards for precisionstatements is recommended.7. Keywo
19、rds7.1 driers; drying oils; naval stores; nonvolatiles; nonvola-tile contentsolventsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D4140 - 82 (2002) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved July 1, 2007.)(1) Updated de
20、finitions drier and naval stores.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof
21、 infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this s
22、tandard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake you
23、r views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4140 07 (2013)2
