1、Designation: D4140 07 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Guide for DeterminingVolatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers, Drying Oils,Naval Stores, and Solvents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of theproper ASTM test method f
3、or determining the volatile andnonvolatile content of driers, drying oils, naval stores, andsolvents.NOTE 1Test methods for determining the composition of the volatilefraction are not covered by this guide.1.2 The test methods included are as follows:Standard Section ASTM DesignationDriers 5.1 D1644
4、Drying oils 5.2 D555D1960Naval stores 5.3 D233D889D1131Solvents 5.4 D13531.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Rec
5、om-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, andApplicationsD233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing TurpentineD555 Guide for Testing Drying Oils (Wi
6、thdrawn 2007)3D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, IncludingTall Oil and Related ProductsD889 Test Method for Volatile Oil in RosinD1131 Test Methods of Testing Rosin Oils (Withdrawn2003)3D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-vents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and R
7、elatedProductsD1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of VarnishesD1960 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Drying Oils(Withdrawn 2003)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 drier, nan additive that accelerates the drying of anoil, paint, printing ink, or varnish (from Terminology D16).3.1.1.1 Discu
8、ssionDriers are usually metallic composi-tions and are available in both solid and liquid forms.3.1.2 drying oil, nan oil that possesses to a marked degreethe property of readily taking up oxygen from wood chiefly ofthe pine species (Genus Pinus) (from Terminology D16).3.1.3 naval stores, nchemicall
9、y reactive oils, resins, tars,and pitches derived from the oleoresin contained in, exuded by,or extracted from wood chiefly of the pine species (GenusPinus) (from Terminology D804).4. Significance and Use4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used todetermine the total nonvolatile conte
10、nt (solids) of paint andrelated coatings. Such information may be useful to coatingsproducers and users for the determination of the total solidsavailable for film formation and for the estimation of thevolatile organic content.5. Procedure5.1 DriersMost liquid driers for use in paints and var-nishe
11、s are sold as solutions, so usually contain significantamounts of solvent. Use Method A in Test Methods D1644 todetermine the nonvolatile content.5.2 Drying OilsTest Method D1960 covers the determi-nation of moisture and any other material that is volatile underthe conditions of the test. It is appl
12、icable to all natural dryingoils. This method should be used only for gross contamination1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Pai
13、nt Materials.Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4140 07 (2013).DOI: 10.1520/D4140-07R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm
14、org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
15、2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technic
16、al Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1with volatile materials. It is not a true loss measure since smallamounts of oxygen in the inert gas used will be absorbed by theoil, resulting in a small gain in weight that may more thanoffset small losses.5.3 Naval Stores:5.3.1 RosinTest Method D889 covers th
17、e determination ofthe volatile oil content of rosin or similar material. The oil mayconsist of naturally occurring terpene oil or of foreign nonter-pene oil resulting from incomplete removal of solvent used toextract the resin from wood or still wastes.5.3.2 Rosin OilsTest Methods D1131, Section 9,
18、coversthe determination of volatile matter in rosin oils. The term“rosin oil” includes the oils obtained by dry destructivedistillation of rosin, with or without subsequent redistillation,and also certain compounded oils prepared from a rosin oilbase.5.3.3 TurpentineTest Methods D233, Sections 20 th
19、rough22, cover the determination of the evaporation residue ofturpentine.5.3.4 Other Naval StoresProcedures for determination ofvolatile and nonvolatile content of naval stores not specified in5.3.1 through 5.3.3 should be agreed upon between theproducer and the user.5.4 SolventsTest Method D1353 co
20、vers the determinationof the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvents for use in paintand related coatings and materials.6. Precision6.1 Some of the referenced ASTM standards have precisionlimits. Reference to the individual standards for precisionstatements is recommended.7. Keywords7.1 driers; dryi
21、ng oils; naval stores; nonvolatiles; nonvola-tile content; solventsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any
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24、 a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of th
25、is standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 07 (2018)2
