1、Designation: D4164 13 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forMechanically Tapped Packing Density of Formed Catalystand Catalyst Carriers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the me-chanically tapped density of formed cat
3、alyst and catalystcarriers. For the purpose of this test method, catalyst particlesare defined as extrudates, spheres, or formed pellets of 0.8 to4.8-mm (132 to316-in.) nominal diameter.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is th
4、eresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standa
5、rd-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Cat
6、alysisE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-ders3. Terminolog
7、y3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology D3766.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A preconditioned sample of formed catalyst or catalystcarrier is tapped in a graduated cylinder. The mechanicallytapped packing density is determined from the known mass andtapped volume.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is
8、 to be used for measuring themechanically tapped packing density of formed particles thatwill not break up during sampling, filling, or tapping of themeasuring cylinder under test conditions.6. Apparatus6.1 Graduated Cylinder, capacity 250 mL, conforming toSpecification E1272, Class A, with a base d
9、esigned to accom-modate the cylinder holder.6.2 Cylinder Holder, weighing approximately 1 lb (454 g).6.3 Tapping Device, consisting of a base-plate with wormdrive, reduction ratio 15:1, nominal cam shaft speed of 250r/min, tapping stroke travel18 in. (3.2 mm).6.4 Four Digit Adjustable Counter, which
10、 can be preset todeliver any number of taps between 1 and 9999.6.5 Desiccator, with a desiccant grade molecular sieve suchas No. 4A.6.6 Balance having a sensitivity of 0.1 g.6.7 Drying Oven.7. Procedure7.1 Heat an adequate sample(s) at 400 6 15C for not lessthan 3 h. Normally, this treatment can tak
11、e place in air.However, in the case of materials that might react with air atelevated temperatures (such as prereduced catalysts) the heattreatment should take place in an inert atmosphere. Afterheating, cool the test sample(s) in a desiccator or other suitablecontainer to eliminate the possibility
12、of moisture adsorptionprior to testing.NOTE 1These conditions may not be appropriate for all materials.NOTE 2Since many catalyst formulations are strong adsorbents, theuse of No. 4A indicating (cobalt-treated) molecular sieves as a desiccatingmedium is suggested. The desiccant should be regenerated
13、at 493 K1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 onCatalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2013
14、 as D4164 13. DOI:10.1520/D4164-13R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM Internat
15、ional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Gui
16、des and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1(220C) to 533 K (260C), as required.7.2 Pour between 240 and 250 mL of the test specimencarefully into the tared graduated cylinder using a funnel. Toensure proper level, rotate the funnel whi
17、le pouring the testspecimen. Weigh immediately to the nearest 0.1 g.7.3 Preset the counter to 1000 taps.7.4 Start the tapping device.7.5 When tapping is completed, read the tapped volume, V,to the nearest 1 mL by estimating the average level of thecatalyst or catalyst carrier surface in the cylinder
18、.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate mechanically tapped packing density MTD asfollows:MTD 5 W/V (1)where:W = mass of catalyst particles, g, andV = volume occupied by particles in measuring cylinder,mL.9. Precision and Bias39.1 Test ProgramAn interlaboratory study was conductedin which the named property wa
19、s measured in two separate testmaterials in three separate laboratories. Practice E691, modi-fied for non-uniform data sets, was followed for the datareduction.9.2 PrecisionPairs of test results obtained by a proceduresimilar to that described in the study are expected to differ inabsolute value by
20、less than 2.772 S, where 2.772 S is the 95 %probability interval limit on the difference between two testresults, and S is the appropriate estimate of standard deviation.Definitions and usage are given in Terminology E456 andPractice E177, respectively.Test Result 95 % Repeatability Interval 95 % Re
21、producibility Interval(consensus mean), (within laboratory), (between laboratories),kg/L kg/L (% of mean) kg/L (% of mean)0.63911.53330.007 (1.02)0.005 (0.47)0.023 (3.54)0.055 (4.73)9.3 BiasThe procedure in this test method has no biasbecause the value of mechanically tapped packing density canbe de
22、fined only in terms of a test method.10. Keywords10.1 carriers; catalyst; mechanically tapped; packing den-sityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advise
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24、approved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If y
25、ou feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individua
26、l reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D32-1017.D4164 13 (2018)2
