1、Designation: D 4260 05Standard Practice forLiquid and Gelled Acid Etching of Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers surface preparation of concrete toprepare the surface prior to the application of coatings.1.2 This practice is intended
3、to alter the surface profile ofthe concrete and to remove foreign materials and weak surfacelaitance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and hea
4、lth practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements, see Section 6.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4258 Practice for Surface Cleaning Concrete for CoatingD 4259 Practice for Abrading ConcreteD 4262 Test Method for pH of Ch
5、emically Cleaned orEtched Concrete SurfacesD 4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete bythe Plastic Sheet MethodD 4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of CoatingsUsing Portable Adhesion Testers2.2 Other Standard:ACI-308 Recommended Practice for Curing Concrete33. Terminology3.1 Definit
6、ions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 gelled acid, nacid solution primarily intended foruse on horizontal, vertical, and overhead surfaces.3.1.2 liquid acid, nacid solution primarily intended foruse on horizontal surfaces.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice is intended to provide a clean
7、,contamination-free, and roughened surface.4.2 Acceptable surfaces shall be free of laitance, formrelease agents, curing agents, oil, grease, and other penetratingcontaminants. The surface shall be free of fins, projections, andloosely adhering concrete, dirt, and dust particles.4.3 For some applica
8、tions, a minimum concrete surfacestrength may be required for proper coating performance.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is used to prepare concrete for coatingswhere optimum bond is desired for service conditions such ascontinuous or intermittent immersion, temperature cycling, ormechanica
9、l loading.6. Hazards6.1 New concrete shall be cured in accordance with ACI-308.6.2 Concrete cure compounds, form release materials, orconcrete hardeners may require abrading, in accordance withPractice D 4259, as acid etching may not be effective.6.3 All oil and grease shall be removed in accordance
10、 withPractice D 4258 prior to mechanical abrading, abrasive blastcleaning, water blasting, or acid etching.6.4 Use and disposal of materials should conform to estab-lished federal, state, local, and project requirements.METHOD A7. Liquid Acid Etching Procedure7.1 Pre-Surface Preparation:7.1.1 Remove
11、 grease, oil, and other penetrating contami-nants (see Practice D 4258).7.1.2 Remove fins and protruding surface irregularities bymechanical means.7.1.3 Surfaces shall be free of standing water.7.1.4 Some curing compounds may not be removed byliquid acid etching and will require preparation by mecha
12、nicalabrading, abrasive blasting, or water blasting in accordancewith Practice D 4259.7.1.5 When using liquid acid, proper cross ventilation andchemical respirators shall be provided.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 on ProtectiveCoating and Lining Work for Power Generat
13、ion Facilities and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D33.05 on Application and Surface Preparation.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 4260 88 (1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the AS
14、TM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute, 22400 W. Seven Mile Rd., Detroit,MI 48219.1Copyright ASTM Int
15、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7.2 Suitable Surfaces:7.2.1 This method is primarily suited for use on horizontalsurfaces.7.2.2 Other methods of preparation may be more suitablefor rough concrete surfaces and walls or overhead surfaces.
16、7.3 Liquid Acid Etching Solutions:7.3.1 Typical solutions covered by this method are muriatic(hydrochloric), sulfamic, phosphoric and citric acids. Hydro-chloric acid shall not be used where chlorides are prohibited.7.3.2 The liquid acid concentrations of etching solutionsmay vary, depending on the
17、concrete texture and degree ofetching required.7.3.3 The concrete surface shall be pre-wetted with waterprior to applying etching solutions. Free-standing water shallbe removed. Uniformly apply the etching solution to the wetsurface. Polyethylene sprinkling cans are suitable for applyingliquid acid
18、solutions. Bubbling should be uniformly evident. Ifnot, this indicates the presence of grease or oil contamination,or both, curing compounds or sealers, or a need to increase theconcentration of the liquid acid solution. Scrub the liquid acidwetted surface with a stiff bristle brush.7.3.4 When the e
19、tching solution bubbling begins to subside,flush surfaces to remove reaction products, and inspect foruniform roughening and removal of laitance. Repeat applica-tion of liquid acid solution to obtain required surface.7.3.5 After the desired roughening is achieved, thoroughlyflush the surface with po
20、table water. Repeated flushing andscrubbing with a stiff-bristled brush may be necessary toremove acid residues.7.4 Appearance of Prepared Surface:7.4.1 The intent is to remove sufficient material in order toachieve a sound concrete surface free of laitance, glaze,efflorescence, and incompatible con
21、crete curing compounds orform release agents.7.4.2 The liquid acid etched surface shall be uniformlyroughened to a degree similar in appearance to a medium tocoarse grade sandpaper. A roughness standard may be estab-lished by mutual agreement.METHOD B8. Gelled Acid Etching Procedure8.1 Pre-Surface P
22、reparation:8.1.1 Remove grease, oil, and other penetrating contami-nants (see Practice D 4258).8.1.2 Remove fins and protruding surface irregularities bymechanical means.8.1.3 Surfaces shall be free of standing water.8.1.4 Some curing compounds may not be removed bygelled acid etching and will requi
23、re preparation by mechanicalabrading, abrasive blasting, or water blasting in accordancewith Practice D 4259.8.1.5 When using gelled acid, proper cross ventilation andchemical respirators shall be provided.8.2 Suitable Surfaces:8.2.1 This method is suited for use on horizontal, vertical,and overhead
24、 surfaces.8.2.2 Other means of preparation may be more suitable forrough concrete surfaces.8.3 Gelled Acid Etching Solutions:8.3.1 Typical solutions covered by this method are muriatic(hydrochloric), sulfamic, phosphoric and citric acids. Hhydro-chloric acid shall not be used where chlorides are pro
25、hibited.8.3.2 The gelled acid concentrations of etching solutionsmay vary depending on the concrete texture and the degree ofetching required.8.3.3 The concrete surface can be pre-wetted with waterprior to applying etching solutions. Free-standing water shallbe removed. Uniformly apply the etching s
26、olution to the wetsurface using an acid resistant sprayer, non-metallic scrubbrush, low-nap roller or squeegee. Bubbling should be uni-formly evident. If not, this indicates the presence of grease oroil contamination or both curing compounds or sealers or aneed to increase the concentration of the g
27、elled acid solution.Scrubbing the gelled acid wetted surface with a stiff bristlebrush will increase the depth of the surface profile and exposemore of the gelled acid solution to the concrete surface.8.3.4 When the etching solution bubbling begins to subside,flush surfaces to remove reaction produc
28、ts and inspect foruniform roughening and removal of laitance. Repeat applica-tion of gelled acid to obtain required surface profile.8.3.5 After the desired roughening is achieved, thoroughlyflush the surface with potable water. Repeated flushing andscrubbing with a stiff-bristled brush may be necess
29、ary toremove acid residues.8.4 Appearance of Prepared Surface:8.4.1 The intent is to uniformly remove sufficient material inorder to achieve a sound concrete surface free of laitance,glaze, efflorescence, and incompatible concrete curing com-pounds or form release agents.8.4.2 The gelled acid etched
30、 surface shall be uniformlyroughened to a degree similar in appearance to a medium tocoarse grade sandpaper. A roughness standard may be estab-lished by mutual agreement.9. Inspection9.1 Visually examine the prepared surface for loose adher-ing concrete, thin crusts bridging voids, fins, and project
31、ions.9.2 Visually examine the prepared surface for oil, grease,and markings.9.3 Test surfaces cleaned by liquid and gelled acid etchingfor pH in accordance with Test Method D 4262 and may betested for moisture content in accordance with Test MethodD 4263 prior to applying coating.9.4 If required, su
32、rface strength may be determined inaccordance with Method D 4541 or other agreed upon method.10. Acceptance10.1 Acceptable surfaces shall be free of laitance, oil,grease, and other materials incompatible with the coating. Thesurface shall also be free of fins, projections, and looselyadhering concre
33、te, dirt, and dust particles.10.2 The surface shall have a roughened, textured appear-ance. Aggregate may be exposed. Bug holes shall be opened.10.3 A roughness standard may be established by mutualagreement.10.4 If specified, the treated surface shall meet the surfacestrength requirements.D42600521
34、1. Keywords11.1 concrete; gelled; gelled acid etching; laitance; liquid;liquid acid etching; surface preparation; thixotropic; viscosityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this stan
35、dard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
36、if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, w
37、hich you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D4260053
