1、Designation: D4302 14Standard Specification forArtists Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements forcomposition, physical properties, performance, and labeling ofartists oil, resin-oil, and alkyd
3、 paints.1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehicles, and addi-tives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,lightfastness, consistency, and drying time.1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastnessrequirements in this specification. In order to identify otherpigments t
4、hat meet these requirements, instructions are givenfor test specimen preparation. Test methods for determiningrelative lightfastness are referenced.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This pertains only to the t
5、est method found in Section8.This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior t
6、o use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D79 Specification for Zinc Oxide PigmentsD185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD387 Test Method for Color and Strength of ChromaticPigments with a Mechanical MullerD476 Classification for Dry Pigmentary Titanium DioxideProductsD602 Specifi
7、cation for Barium Sulfate PigmentsD1133 Test Method for Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocar-bon SolventsD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formationof Organic Coatings at Room TemperatureD1729 Practice
8、 for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD2245 Test Method for Identification of Oils and Oil Acidsin Solvent-Reducible PaintsD236
9、9 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD2689 Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn2008)3D4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for ChronicHealth HazardsD4303 Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used inArtists MaterialsD4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative TintingSt
10、rength of Chromatic PaintsD4941 Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists PastePaintsE284 Terminology of Appearance3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Colour Index Name, nconsists of the category (typeof dye or pigment), general hue, and an assigned number givento a colorant in the Colour Index4as
11、 an international identifi-cation system.3.1.1.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Nameof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigment Blue 15 (PB15).3.1.2 Colour Index Number, na five-digit number given inthe Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of acolorant.3.1.2.1 DiscussionF
12、or example, the Colour Index Numberof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is 74160.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.C
13、urrent edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4302 05 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/D4302-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
14、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Colour Index, 3rd ed., 5 Vols and Revisions, The Society of Dyers andColourists, London, 197175. Available
15、from the American Association of TextileChemists and Colorists, P. O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.3 Refer to Terminology E284 for appearance terms usedin this specifi
16、cation.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 alkali refined oil, ntriglyceride oil of vegetableorigin that has been treated with alkali to reduce the free acidityby formation of water-soluble salts, subsequently removed bywashing.3.2.1.1 DiscussionAn appreciable degree of free aci
17、ditymay cause a greater development of yellowing in a dried filmof oil. Most artistsoil paints are ground in alkali refined oil.3.2.2 alkyd paint, npaint containing a resin produced bycombining a polybasic acid, a polyhydric alcohol, and the fattyacid of a drying vegetable oil. For this specificatio
18、n, the resinproduced must be soluble in mineral spirits or turpentine.3.2.3 drier (siccative), na substance, usually an organo-metallic compound, that accelerates the rate of drying of an oilpaint or oil medium.3.2.4 oil paint, npaint containing an alkali refined triglyc-eride drying oil of vegetabl
19、e origin.3.2.5 resin-oil paint, npaint containing 90 weight %minimum of vehicle solids, vegetable drying oil, and 10 weight% maximum of vehicle solids replaced by gum or resin.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes quality requirements andprovides a basis for common understanding
20、among producers,distributors, and users.4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the require-ments be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects.Variations in manufacture, not covered by this specification,may cause some artists to prefer one brand over another, eitherof which may be
21、acceptable under this specification.5. Labeling Requirements5.1 Pigment(s) Identification:5.1.1 Every label shall include for each pigment containedin the paint (1) the information underlined in Table 1 (whichincludes the Common Name, Colour Index Name, and anyadditional terms necessary to identify
22、the form of the pigment)and (2) the appropriate Lightfastness Category.5.1.2 The complete pigment identification given in Table 1,which also includes the Colour Index Number and a simplechemical description, shall be given by the producer in anappropriate electronic version or printed publication. M
23、anufac-turers are encouraged to put this complete identification on thecontainer label when label size permits.5.1.3 The Common Name shall be placed on the front of thelabel and shall be the name of the paint except as described in5.1.5 and 5.1.6. Other identification may be placed elsewhereon the c
24、ontainer.5.1.4 The Colour Index name may be spelled out in full orabbreviated depending on the size of the label. Example:Pigment Blue 15, or Pig. Blue 15 or PB 15.5.1.5 Substituted PigmentIn the case of substitutedpigments, except for those pigments listed in Table X3.1, theword “Hue” in equal size
25、 letters shall follow in the title, on thefront of the tube, immediately after the name of the pigmentthat has been simulated.5.1.6 Proprietary names or optional names may be usedprovided the Common Name(s) given in Table 1 is listed alongwith their Colour Index Names and the Lightfastness Categoryo
26、f the mixture somewhere on the label.5.1.7 Mixed PigmentsArtistspaints containing more thanone pigment comply with this specification if all coloredpigments included in the mixture are on the suitable pigmentlist (Table 1) and provided the mixture itself has passed allother test requirements in this
27、 specification. The lightfastnesscategory shall be that of the least lightfast pigment. Thislightfastness category may be changed if the mixture is testedfor lightfastness in accordance with Test Methods D4303 andresults indicating a different category are submitted to ASTMSubcommittee D01.57 for ev
28、aluation.5.1.8 Historical and Discontinued PigmentsPigments thatare either (1) primarily of a historical nature, or (2) have notbeen commercially manufactured for a minimum of 10 years ormore, may be submitted to ASTM Subcommittee D01.57 forinclusion in Table X3.1.5.1.8.1 The Common Name(s) of pigme
29、nts in Table X3.1may be used by substituted pigments without the designation of“Hue” in the title.5.1.8.2 Paints using pigments listed in Table X3.1 may usethe word “Genuine” in front of the title to differentiate themfrom substituted pigments.5.2 Provide on the label:5.2.1 Artists Oil PaintsVegetab
30、le origin of the oil andmethod of refinement.NOTE 1The type of oil can be identified in accordance with TestMethod D2245.5.2.2 Artists Alkyd PaintsType of fatty acid used. If freevegetable oil is used in combination with an alkyd resin,declare this also on the label. State if compatible with artists
31、oil paints.NOTE 2The type of alkyd can be identified in accordance withPractices D2689.5.2.3 Artists Resin-Oil PaintsVegetable origin andmethod of refinement of the oil and type of resin or gum. If thecolors in a resin-oil paint line contain more than one, ordifferent, gums or resins, the identifica
32、tion on the individuallabels may uniformly include all of the gums or resins used inthe paint line. Example: “Damar or Mastic Gum.” State ifcompatible with artists oil paints.NOTE 3The type of oil can be identified in accordance with TestMethod D2245.5.3 LightfastnessThe label shall contain the word
33、 “Light-fastness” followed by the appropriate rating, I or II, as givenfor each pigment in Table 1, or else one of these correspondingicons (Fig. 1):5.3.1 Lightfastness I pigments, when made into paint speci-mens as described in Section 8 and exposed, tested, and ratedin accordance with Test Methods
34、 D4303, shall have a colordifference (E*ab) of 4 or less CIELAB units between thespecimens measured before and after exposure.D4302 142TABLE 1 Suitable Pigments ListNOTE 1Underlined information and the lightfastness rating in the table shall be included on every label.NOTE 2The chemical classes in T
35、able 1 have been revised to more closely conform to recommended terminology. When relabeling or publishingliterature, the chemical classes given in Table 1 should be used; however, product labels or literature using the chemical descriptions given in Table 1of D430296a are still in conformance with
36、this specification.Key:Lightfastness Category:Lightfastness I Excellent LightfastnessLightfastness II Very Good LightfastnessAbbreviations Used in Colour Index Names:NR Natural RedPB Pigment BluePBk Pigment BlackPBr Pigment BrownPG Pigment GreenPO Pigment OrangePR Pigment RedPV Pigment VioletPW Pigm
37、ent WhitePY Pigment YellowPigment Notations:(BS) Blue shade(CC) Concentrated cadmium pigments may contain up to 15 % barium sulfate for color control. Cadmium-barium pigments contain a much higher amount ofbarium sulfate.(DL) May darken in strong light(LF) Lightfast type(NA) Colour index name or num
38、ber not assigned. Not tested(RS) Red shade(SM) Sensitive to moisture in direct sunlight(SS) Sensitive to hydrogen sulfideColour IndexNameLightfastness CategoryCommon Name and Chemical ClassColourIndexNumberOil andResin-OilAlkydYELLOWSPY 3 II II Arylide Yellow 10G, with option of adding the name Hans
39、a Yellow Light, Organic: monoazo,acetoacetyl, 10G11710PY 35 I . Cadmium (hue designation), Inorganic: cadmium zinc sulfide (CC) (SM) 77205PY 35:1 I . Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), Inorganic: cadmium zinc sulfide coprecipitated withbarium sulfate (SM)77205:1PY 37 I I Cadmium (hue designation), In
40、organic: cadmium sulfide (CC) (SM) 77199PY 37:1 I . Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), Inorganic: cadmium sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate (SM) 77199:1PY 40 II . Aureolin, or Cobalt Yellow, Inorganic: potassium cobaltinitrite 77357PY 41 I . Naples Yellow, Inorganic: lead antimoniate (SS) 77
41、589PY 42 I . Mars Yellow or Iron Oxide Yellow, Inorganic: synthetic hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 42 I . Mars Orange or Iron Oxide Orange, Inorganic: synthetic hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 43 I I Yellow Ochre, Inorganic: natural hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 53 I . Nickel Titanate Yellow, Inorganic: oxid
42、es of nickel, antimony and titanium 77788PY 65 I . Arylide Yellow RN, with option of adding Hansa Yellow RN, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl RN 11740PY 73 I . Arylide Yellow GX, with option of adding the name Hansa Yellow GX, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl, GX 11738PY74(LF) I . Arylide Yellow 5GX, with
43、 option of adding Hansa Yellow 5GX, Organic: monoazo: acetoacetyl 5GX 11741PY 83 HR 70 I . Diarylide Yellow HR70, Organic: disazo, HR 70 21108PY 97 I . Arylide Yellow FGL, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl FGL 11767PY 98 II . Arylide Yellow 10GX, with the option of adding the name Hansa Yellow 10GX, Org
44、anic: monoazo,acetoacetyl, 10GX11727PY 108 I . Anthrapyrimidine Yellow, Organic: anthraguinone 68420PY 109 I . Isoindolinone Yellow G, Organic: aminoketone, G tetrachloroisoindolinone 56284PY 110 I . Isoindolinone Yellow R, Organic: aminoketone, R tetrachloroisoindolinone 56280PY 112 I . Flavanthron
45、e Yellow, Organic: anthraquinone 70600PY 129 I . Azomethine Yellow 56, Organic: methine, 5G copper complex of azomethine 48042PY 138 I . Quinophthalone Yellow, Organic: aminoketone, quinophthalone 56300PY 139 I . Isoindoline Yellow, Organic: aminoketone, isoindoline 56298PY 150 I . Nickel Azo Yellow
46、, Organic: monoazo, heterocyclic hydroxy, nickel complex 12764PY 151 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation) H4G, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl, H4G 13980PY 153 I . Nickel Dioxine Yellow, Organic: methine, dioximer, nickel complex 48545PY 154 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation) H3G, Organic: monoazo
47、, acetoacetyl, H3G 11781PY 175 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation) H6G, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl, H6G 11784ORANGESPO 5 II . Dinitraniline Orange, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl (SM) 12075PO 20 I I Cadmium (hue designation), Inorganic: cadmium sulfo-selenide (CC) 77202PO 20:1 I . Cadmium-Barium
48、 (hue designation), Inorganic: cadmium sulfoselenide coprecipitated with bariumsulfate77202:1PO 23 I . Cadmium Vermilion Orange, Inorganic: cadmium mercury sulfide (CC) 77201PO 23:1 I . Cadmium-Barium Vermilion Orange, Inorganic: cadmium mercury sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate 77201:1PO 3
49、6 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation) HL, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl, HL 11780D4302 143TABLE 1 ContinuedColour IndexNameLightfastness CategoryCommon Name and Chemical ClassColourIndexNumberOil andResin-OilAlkydPO 43(DL) I . Perinone Orange, Organic: anthraquinone 71105PO 48 I . Quinacridone (hue designation), Organic: quinacridone 73900 and73920PO 49 I . Quinacridone (hue designation), Organic: quinacridone NAPO 60 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation) HGL, Organic: monoazo, acetoacetyl, HGL 11782PO 62 I . Benzimidazolone (hue designation)
