1、Designation: D 4349 96 (Reapproved 2004)Classification System forPolyphenylene Ether (PPE) Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification system covers the basic polymers andcopolymers known as polyphenylene ethers and polyphenyleneoxides, as we
3、ll as filled, modified, and reinforced versions.NOTE 1Addition to the natural polymer or copolymer of pigments,colorants or additives may result in the final composition not meeting therequirements specified for the natural polymer or copolymer. Discussionswith the supplier should take place before
4、specifications of alteredcompositions are established.NOTE 2The preferred abbreviation for polyphenylene ether is PPE, asnoted in Terminology D 1600.1.2 This classification system is not intended for the selec-tion of materials, but only as a means to call out plasticmaterials to be used for the man
5、ufacture of parts. The selectionof these materials is to be made by personnel with expertise inthe plastics field where the environment, inherent properties ofthe materials, performance of the parts, part design, manufac-turing process, and economics are considered.1.3 There may be other requirement
6、s necessary to identifyparticular characteristics important to specific applications.These may be specified by using the suffixes described inSection 5.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.NOTE 3No ISO standard exists that covers these materials.2. Referenced Documents
7、2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastics andElectrical Insulating MaterialsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics2D 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural LoadD 790 Test Me
8、thods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 792 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (Relative Density)and Density of Plastics by DisplacementsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1898 Prac
9、tice for Sampling of PlasticsD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rialE 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Underwriters Laboratories:UL 94 Standards for Tests for Fl
10、ammability for Parts inDevices and Appliances33. Terminology3.1 The terminology used in this classification is in accor-dance with Terminologies D 883 and D 1600.3.2 The polyphenylene ether materials will be designatedPPE as specified in Terminology D 1600.4. Classification4.1 Polyphenylene ether-ba
11、sed materials are classified intogroups according to their compositions. These groups aresubdivided into classes and grades, as shown in Table PPE.1This classification system is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermop
12、lasticMaterials.Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 4349 - 96.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
13、ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Publications Stock, 333 Pfing-sten Road, Northbrook, IL 60067.TABLE 1 Testing ParametersASTMTest MethodTest Specimen and Testing ParametersD 638 Type I, 3.
14、2-mm thickness, crosshead speed of 5 mm/min forreinforced materials and 50 mm/min for unreinforcedmaterials.D 790 3.2 by 12.7-mm specimen, tested by Method I, Procedure A(tangent) with a crosshead speed of 1.3 mm/min and a spanto depth ratio of 16 to 1.D 256 3.2 by 12.7-mm specimen, tested by Test M
15、ethod A.D 648 3.2 by 12.7-mm specimen, 102-mm support span,unannealed prior to testing.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE PPE Requirements for Polyphenylene Ether (PPE) MaterialsNOTE 1Values given are for natural m
16、aterials only. Other colors may be different.AGroup Description Class DescriptionGradeDescriptionHeat Deflection, minSpecificGravity,ASTMD 792, minTensileStrength,D 638,B,CMPa,minFlexuralModulus,D 790,B,CMPa,minIzodImpact,D 256,B,DJ/m,minat 1.82MPa,D 648,BCat 0.45MPa,D 648,BC1 Unmodified 1 general p
17、urpose 0 otherE2 flame retardantF0 otherE0 other 0 otherE2 PS modified materials 1 general purpose 1 90 N/AG1.03 32 1750 2652 100 N/AG1.03 38 1900 2403 100 N/AG1.03 44 2150 1854 110 N/AG1.04 55 2300 1605 130 N/AG1.05 57 2300 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardantF1 67 N/AG1.06 36 2200 1902 80 N/AG1
18、.07 40 2250 1303 85 N/AG1.07 48 2350 1004 105 N/AG1.07 55 2350 1605 125 N/AG1.08 60 2500 1600 other . . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . . .3 PA modified materials 1 general purpose 1 N/AG145 1.05 50 2000 1702 N/AG155 1.05 50 2000 1603 N/AG170 1.05 50 1800 5304 N/AG180 1.05 55 2000 1855 N/AG195 1.05 5
19、8 2200 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 otherE0 other 0 other . . . . . .4 Other 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 other . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . .5 Rework modified 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 other . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . .AU
20、se Tables A and B where necessary for colored materials.BSee Table 1 for test parameters and conditions.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = ftlbf/in.EUnfilled materials currently not available. Use Table A.FFlammability ratings determined in accordance with UL 94.GN/ANot applicable for grade descripti
21、on.TABLE A Reinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberProperty Cell Limits0 1 2345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 specify valueD 648,B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 180 190 200 210 2
22、20 230 240 250 specify valueD 648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength, unspecified 45 55 65 80 100 120 140 160 specify valueD 638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7500 9000 10 500 specify valueD 790,BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D 256,Bunspecified 25 50 75 100 125 150 200
23、250 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresponding to the appropriate test conditions for the material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless specific agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSeeTable 1
24、 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = flbf/in.D 4349 96 (2004)2TABLE B Unreinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details RequirementsDesignationOrderNumberProperty Cell Limits0 1 2 345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 135 specify valueD 64
25、8,B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 125 135 145 155 165 175 185 195 specify valueD 648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength, unspecified 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 specify valueD 638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 specify valueD
26、 790,BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D 256,Bunspecified 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresponding to the appropriate test conditions for the material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless sp
27、ecific agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSee Table 1 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = ftlbf/in.NOTE 4An example of this classification system is as follows:The designation PPE 223 would indicate:PPE = polyphenylene ether,2 = polystyrene-modified mate
28、rial (Group),2 = flame retardant (Class Description), and3 = requirements given in Table PPE.4.1.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (0) for group, class,and grade is shown in Table PPE. The basic properties can beobtained from Tables A a
29、nd B as they apply (see 4.3).4.2 When using Table A to classify reinforced materials, asingle letter shall be used for the major reinforcement orcombination, or both, along with two numbers that indicatepercent addition by mass, with the tolerances as tabulated asfollows:Category MaterialTolerance (
30、Based onthe Total Mass)C Carbon- and Graphite-Fiber-Reinforced 62%G Glass-Reinforced#15 % glass content 62%15 % glass content 63%L Lubricants (such as PTFE, graphite, silicone,and molybdenum disulfide)Depends on materialand process to bespecified.M Mineral-Reinforced 62%R Reinforced-combination/mixt
31、ures ofreinforcements or other fillers/reinforcements63 % based on thetotal reinforce-mentNOTE 5This part of the system uses the type and percentage ofadditives, fillers, and reinforcements to designate the modification of thebasic material. The types and percentages should be shown on thesuppliers
32、technical data sheets unless they are proprietary in nature. Ifnecessary, additional control of these compositional variables can beaccomplished using the suffix part of the system, Section 4. Specialagreements on tolerances may be required below 5 % levels.4.2.1 Specific requirements of some reinfo
33、rced, filled, ormodified polyphenylene ether materials may be assignableusing Table PPE. Requirements for those not so covered shallbe shown by a six-character designation consisting of the letterA or B and the five digits comprising the cell numbers for theproperty requirements in the order that th
34、ey appear in Tables Aor B, whichever applies.4.2.1.1 Although the values listed are necessary to includethe range of properties available in existing materials, usersshould not infer that materials with every possible combinationof the properties exist or can be obtained.4.2.2 When the grade of the
35、basic material is not known, oris not important, the use of “0” grade classification shall beused for reinforced materials in this system.NOTE 6An example of this classification system for a reinforcedpolyphenylene ether is as follows: The designation PPE 210G30A22245indicates the following material
36、 requirements from Table A:PPE 210 = polystyrene-modified polyphenylene ether from Table PPE,G30 = glass-reinforced at nominal 30 % (see section 3.2.1),A = Table A Property requirements,2 = 110C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,2 = 190C deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa, min,2 = 55-MPa tensi
37、le strength, min,4 = 5000-MPa flexural modulus, min, and5 = 125-J/m Izod impact, min.If no properties are specified, the designation would be PPE210G30A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this classificationsystem to facilitate the classification of special materials whereTable PPE or Table
38、 A do not reflect the required properties.Table B shall be used in the same manner as Table A.NOTE 7Mechanical properties of pigmented or colored polyphe-nylene ether materials can differ from the mechanical properties of naturalpolyphenylene ether material, depending on the choice and concentration
39、of colorants. The main property affected is ductility, as illustrated by areduction in Izod impact strength and tensile elongation values. If specificproperties of pigmented polyphenylene ether materials are required, priortesting between the materials supplier and end user should be initiated.Once
40、these agreements are reached, a classification using Table B shouldbe employed to ensure proper property compliance.NOTE 8An example of a special material using this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PPE 310B54220 indicates thefollowing, with the material requirements from Table B:
41、PPE 310 = polyamide-modified polyphenylene ether from Table PPE,B = Table B Property Requirements,5 = 105C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,4 = 155C deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa, min,2 = 35-MPa tensile strength, min,D 4349 96 (2004)32 = 1800-MPa flexural modulus, min, and0 = unspecified
42、 Izod Impact.4.4 Group Classification 5 has been included in Table PPEto allow line call-out designation for “recycle” resins. Classand grades given should be used with the property ranges fromTable A or B, as appropriate.4.5 Requirements for materials tested using ISO specimendimensions are not cov
43、ered by this classification system.Classification System D 4000 may be used to list propertyrequirements involving ISO criteria as long as detailed notesdescribing specimen dimensions, test speeds, and so forth, areincluded.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed and are notcovered by
44、 the basic requirements or cell-table requirements,they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes. In general,suffixes consist of a suffix letter, which gives the requirementneeded, a first digit, which gives the test condition, and asecond digit, which gives the specific requirement.5.2 Additi
45、onal suffixes may be added as required. See Table3 of Classification System D 4000 for other suffix designations.Requirements specified by suffix references always take pre-cedence over values from the property or cell tables for thesame properties.6. General Requirements6.1 The material composition
46、 shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.7. Detail Requirements7.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PPE, A and B, andsuffix requirements, as they apply.7.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with thi
47、sclassification systems, all specified limits in this standard areabsolute limits, as defined in Practice E 29.7.2.1 With the absolute method, an observed value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlyto the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconfor-mance with thi
48、s classification system is based on this compari-son.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy Sec-tions 12 and 13. A lot of material shall be considered as a unitof manufacture as prepared for shipment and may consist of ablend of two or more “production runs” or batches.9.
49、 Number of Tests9.1 The number of tests shall be consistent with the require-ments of Sections 8 and 13.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 The test specimens shall be injection molded.10.2 Mechanical properties may vary with injection mold-ing conditions. Dialog between the customer and the suppliershould include consideration of the affect of molding condi-tions when issues of discrepant material arise. Drying andmolding conditions are listed in Table 2.11. Conditioning11.1 Conditioning, when specified, shall be for at least 40 hat 23 6 2C and 50 6 5 % RH in accord
