1、Designation: D4349 10Classification System and Basis for Specification forPolyphenylene Ether (PPE) Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers the basic polymers andcopolymers known as polyphenylene ethers and polyphenyleneoxide
3、s, as well as filled, modified, and reinforced versions.Recycled materials are included in this standard as Class 5 ofTable PPE.NOTE 1Addition to the natural polymer or copolymer of pigments,colorants, or other additives can cause the final composition to no longermeet the requirements specified for
4、 the natural polymer or copolymer.NOTE 2The preferred abbreviation for polyphenylene ether is PPE, asnoted in Terminology D1600.1.2 This classification system and subsequent line callout(specification) are intended to provide a means of calling outplastic materials used in the fabrication of end ite
5、ms or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection should be made by those having expertise in theplastic field after careful consideration of the design and theperformance required of the part, the environment to which itwill be exposed, the fabrication process to be e
6、mployed, thecosts involved, and the inherent properties of the material otherthan those covered by this standard.1.3 There may be other requirements necessary to identifyparticular characteristics important to specific applications.These are to be specified by using the suffixes described inSection
7、5.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.NOTE 3There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
8、D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and
9、Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsE29 Practice for Using Signific
10、ant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Underwriters Laboratories:UL 94 Standards for Tests for Flammability for Parts inDevices and Appliances33. Terminology3.1 The terminology used in this classification is in accor-dance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.3.2 The pol
11、yphenylene ether materials will be designatedPPE as specified in Terminology D1600.4. Classification4.1 Polyphenylene ether-based materials are classified intogroups according to their compositions. These groups aresubdivided into classes and grades, as shown in Table PPE.1This classification system
12、 is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4349 - 96(2004).DOI: 10.1
13、520/D4349-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Underwriters Laboratories Inc. P
14、ublications Stock, 333 Pfing-sten Road, Northbrook, IL 60067.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE PPE Requirements for Polyphenylene Ether (PPE) Mater
15、ialsNOTE 1Values given are for natural materials only. Other colors can be different.AGroup Description Class DescriptionGradeDescriptionHeat Deflection, minSpecificGravity,ASTMD792,minTensileStrength,D638,B,CMPa,minFlexuralModulus,D790,B,CMPa,minIzodImpact,D256,B,DJ/m,minat 1.82MPa,D648,BCat 0.45MP
16、a,D648,BC1 Unmodified 1 general purpose 0 otherE2 flame retardantF0 otherE0 other 0 otherE2 PS modified materials 1 general purpose 1 90 N/AG1.03 32 1750 2652 100 N/AG1.03 38 1900 2403 100 N/AG1.03 44 2150 1854 110 N/AG1.04 55 2300 1605 130 N/AG1.05 57 2300 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardantF16
17、7N/AG1.06 36 2200 190280G1.07 40 2250 130385G1.07 48 2350 1004 105 N/AG1.07 55 2350 1605 125 N/AG1.08 60 2500 1600 other . . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . . .3 PA modified materials 1 general purpose 1 N/AG145 1.05 50 2000 1702N/AG155 1.05 50 2000 1603NG170 1.05 50 1800 5304NG180 1.05 55 2000 1855N
18、/AG195 1.05 58 2200 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 otherE0 other 0 other . . . . . .4 Other 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 other . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . .5 Rework modified 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .2 flame retardantF0 other . . . . .0 other 0 othe
19、r . . . . .AUse Tables A and B where necessary for colored materials.BSee Table 2 for test parameters and conditions.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = ftlbf/in.EUnfilled materials currently not available. Use Table A.FFlammability ratings determined in accordance with UL 94.GN/ANot applicable for gr
20、ade description.TABLE A Reinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberProperty Cell Limits0 12345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 specify valueD648,B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 180 19
21、0 200 210 220 230 240 250 specify valueD648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength, unspecified 45 55 65 80 100 120 140 160 specify valueD638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7500 9000 10 500 specify valueD790,BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D256,Bunspecified 25 50 75 100 125 1
22、50 200 250 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresponding to the appropriate test conditions for the material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless specific agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSee
23、 Table 2 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = flbf/in.D4349 102TABLE B Unreinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details RequirementsDesignationOrderNumberProperty Cell Limits0 1 2345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 135 specify valueD648,
24、B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 125 135 145 155 165 175 185 195 specify valueD648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength, unspecified 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 specify valueD638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 specify valueD790,
25、BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D256,Bunspecified 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresponding to the appropriate test conditions for the material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless specific
26、 agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSee Table 1 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 3 145 = psi.DJ/m 3 0.01873 = ftlbf/in.NOTE 4An example of this classification system is as follows:The designation ASTM D4349 PPE 223 would indicate:PPE = polyphenylene ether,2 = polystyrene-modified
27、 material (Group),2 = flame retardant (Class Description), and3 = requirements given in Table PPE.4.1.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (0) for group, class,and grade is shown in Table PPE. The basic properties can beobtained from Table
28、s A and B as they apply (see 4.3).4.2 When using Table A to classify reinforced materials, asingle letter shall be used for the major reinforcement orcombination, or both, along with two numbers that indicatepercent addition by mass, with the tolerances as tabulated asfollows:Category MaterialTolera
29、nce (Based onthe Total Mass)C Carbon- and Graphite-Fiber-Reinforced 62%G Glass-Reinforced#15 % glass content 62%15 % glass content 63%L Lubricants (such as PTFE, graphite, silicone,and molybdenum disulfide)Depends on materialand process to bespecified.M Mineral-Reinforced 62%R Reinforced-combination
30、/mixtures ofreinforcements or other fillers/reinforcements63 % based on thetotal reinforce-mentNOTE 5This part of the system uses the type and percentage ofadditives, fillers, and reinforcements to designate the modification of thebasic material. The types and percentages are sometimes shown on thes
31、uppliers technical data sheet. If necessary, additional control of thesecompositional variables can be accomplished using the suffix part of thesystem, Section 5.4.2.1 Specific requirements of some reinforced, filled, ormodified polyphenylene ether materials are assignable usingTable PPE. Requiremen
32、ts for those not so covered shall beshown by a six-character designation consisting of the letter Aor B and the five digits comprising the cell numbers for theproperty requirements in the order that they appear in Tables Aor B, whichever applies.4.2.1.1 Although the values listed are necessary to in
33、cludethe range of properties available in existing materials, usersshould not infer that materials with every possible combinationof the properties exist or can be obtained.4.2.2 When the grade of the basic material is not known, oris not important, the use of “0” grade classification shall beused f
34、or reinforced materials in this system.NOTE 6An example of this classification system for a reinforcedpolyphenylene ether is as follows: The designation ASTM D4349 PPE210G30A22245 indicates the following material requirements from TableA:PPE 210 = polystyrene-modified polyphenylene ether from Table
35、PPE,G30 = glass-reinforced at nominal 30 % (see section 3.2.1),A = Table A Property requirements,2 = 110C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,2 = 190C deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa, min,2 = 55-MPa tensile strength, min,4 = 5000-MPa flexural modulus, min, and5 = 125-J/m Izod impact, min.If n
36、o properties are specified, the designation would be ASTM D4349PPE 210G30A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this classificationsystem to facilitate the classification of special materials whereTable PPE or Table A do not reflect the required properties.Table B shall be used in the same ma
37、nner as Table A.NOTE 7Mechanical properties of pigmented or colored polyphe-nylene ether materials can differ from the mechanical properties of naturalpolyphenylene ether material, depending on the choice and concentrationof colorants. The main property affected is ductility, as illustrated by aredu
38、ction in Izod impact strength and tensile elongation values. If specificproperties of pigmented polyphenylene ether materials are required, priortesting between the materials supplier and end user should be initiated.Once these agreements are reached, a classification using Table B shouldbe employed
39、 to ensure proper property compliance.NOTE 8An example of a special material using this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation ASTM D4349 PPE 310B54220indicates the following, with the material requirements from Table B:PPE 310 = polyamide-modified polyphenylene ether from Table PPE,B =
40、 Table B Property Requirements,5 = 105C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,4 = 155C deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa, min,2 = 35-MPa tensile strength, min,2 = 1800-MPa flexural modulus, min, and0 = unspecified Izod Impact.4.4 Group Classification 5 has been included in Table PPEto allow line
41、call-out designation for “recycle” resins. Classand grades given should be used with the property ranges fromTable A or B, as appropriate.D4349 1034.5 Requirements for materials tested using ISO specimendimensions are not covered by this classification system.Classification System D4000 can be used
42、to list propertyrequirements involving ISO criteria as long as detailed notesdescribing specimen dimensions, test speeds, and so forth, areincluded.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed and are notcovered by the basic requirements or cell-table requirements,they shall be indicated t
43、hrough the use of suffixes. In general,suffixes consist of a suffix letter, which gives the requirementneeded, a first digit, which gives the test condition, and asecond digit, which gives the specific requirement.5.2 A list of suffixes, which can be used for additionalrequirements as appropriate ,
44、is found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3). Additional suffixes will be added to thatstandard as test methods and requirements are developed andrequested.6. General Requirements6.1 The material composition shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.7. Detail Require
45、ments7.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PPE, A and B, andsuffix requirements, as they apply.7.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with thisclassification systems, all specified limits in this standard areabsolute limits, as def
46、ined in Practice E29.7.2.1 With the absolute method, an observed value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlyto the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconfor-mance with this classification system is based on this compari-son.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be stat
47、istically adequate to satisfy 13.4.A lot of material shall be considered as a unit of manufactureas prepared for shipment and can consist of a blend of two ormore “production runs.”9. Number of Tests9.1 The number of tests shall be consistent with the require-ments of Sections 8 and 13.10. Specimen
48、Preparation10.1 The test specimens shall be injection molded.10.2 Mechanical properties can vary with injection moldingconditions. Drying and molding conditions are listed in Table1.11. Conditioning11.1Where test specimens are stored in controlled temperature/humidity chambers, the laboratory atmosp
49、here should be23 6 5C and 50 +0/-40 % RH. Dry, air-conditioned air isacceptable. Otherwise, test specimens shall be conditioned inthe standard laboratory atmosphere in accordance with Proce-dure A of Practice D618 before performing the required tests.11.2 Testing conditions should be stable for a minimum of 2h to ensure stable performance of electronics. Conduct thosetests influenced by ambient conditions in the standard labora-tory atmosphere of 23 6 2C and 50 6 10 % relative humidity.12. Test Methods12.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this classifi
