1、Designation: D 4549 03Standard Specification forPolystyrene and Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Molding andExtrusion Materials (PS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers polystyrene materials, bothcrystal and rubber modified, suitable for mold
3、ing and extru-sion. Recycled polystyrene products are addressed in Specifi-cation D 5676.1.2 This specification is intended to be a means of callingout plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items orparts. Material selection should be made by those havingexpertise in the plastics field aft
4、er careful consideration of thedesign and the performance required of the part, the environ-ment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to beemployed, the inherent properties of the material other thanthose covered by this specification, and the economics.1.3 The properties included in
5、 this specification are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. Other require-ments necessary to identify particular characteristics importantto specialized applications can be called out using the suffixesas given in Section 5.NOTE 1This standard combines elements from ISO 1622-1-2 and
6、ISO2897-1-2, but is not equivalent to either ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of Plastics2D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics2D 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Fle
7、xural Load in the Edgewise Position2D 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-als2D 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement2D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics2D 1238
8、 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion Plastometer2D 1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature ofPlastics2D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlastics2D 2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResins3D 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing o
9、f Plastics3D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rials3D 5676 Specification for Recycled Polystyrene Moldingand Extrusion Materials4E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials52.2 ISO Standards:6ISO 1622-1-2 Polystyrene (PS) Molding and Extrusion Ma-terialsISO 2897-1-2 Im
10、pact Resistant Polystyrene (PS-I) Moldingand Extrusion Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions For definitions of technical terms pertain-ing to plastics used in this specification, see TerminologyD 883.4. Classification4.1 Polystyrene materials are classified into groups in ac-cordance with classes
11、and grades as shown in the basicproperty table (Table PS). Injection molded properties are thepreferred standard and are used for the basis of call outexamples.NOTE 2Since compression molded properties have been removedfrom the standard with this publication, refer to previous publications ofthis st
12、andard, if interested in these properties.NOTE 3An example of this classification system for PS0111 is asfollows: The designation PS0111 would indicate: PS = polystyrene as1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
13、D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved August 10, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 4549 00.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 0
14、8.03.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.6Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
15、cken, PA 19428-2959, United States.found in Terminology D 1600, 01 (group) = crystal polystyrene, 1 (class)= general-purpose, and 1 (grade) = minimum-grade requirements as foundin Table PS.4.1.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (0) for g
16、roup, class,and grade is shown in Table PS. The basic properties can beobtained from Tables A or B as they apply (see 4.3).4.2 Reinforced and filled polystyrene materials are classi-fied in accordance with Table PS and Table A. Table PSspecifies unreinforced material and Table A the properties after
17、addition of reinforcements or lubricants at the normal levelsindicated (see 4.2.1).4.2.1 Reinforcements and Additive MaterialsA single let-ter will be used for the major reinforcement or combination, orboth, along with two digits that indicate the percentage ofaddition by mass with the tolerances ta
18、bulated as follows:Symbol Material Tolerance(Based on Total Mass)C Carbon and graphite fiber-rein-forced6 2%G Glass 6 2%M Mineral-reinforced 6 2%L Lubricants Depends upon materialand process to bespecifiedR Combination of reinforcementor fillers, or both6 2%NOTE 4This part of the system uses the typ
19、e and percentages ofadditive to designate the modification of the basic material. Percentage ofadditives can be shown on the suppliers Technical Data Sheet unless it isproprietary. If necessary, additional requirements shall be indicated by theuse of the suffix part of the system, as given in Sectio
20、n 5.NOTE 5Ash content of filled or reinforced materials may be deter-mined using Test Method D 2584 where applicable.4.2.2 Table A, Detail RequirementsAn identifying num-ber is made up of the letter A and five digits comprising the cellnumbers for the new requirements in the designated order asthey
21、appear in Table A.4.2.2.1 Although the values listed are necessary to includethe range of properties available in existing materials, usersshould not infer that every possible combination of theproperties exists or can be obtained.NOTE 6An example of a reinforced polystyrene of this classificationsy
22、stem is as follows: The designation PS0110G15A12332 would indicatethe following material requirements from Table A:0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,G15 = Glass-reinforced at 15 % nominal (see 4.2.1),A = Table A for property requirements,1 = Tensile strength, 50 MPa, min,2 = Flexural modulu
23、s, 4200 MPa, min,3 = Izod impact, 40 J/m, min,3 = Deflection temperature, 102C, min, and2 = Specific gravity, 1.2, min.If no properties are specified, the designation would be PS0110G15-A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this specification tofacilitate the classification of special materi
24、als where Table PSor Table A does not reflect the required properties. Tables shallbe used in the same manner as Table A.NOTE 7An example of a special material using this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PS0110B76013 would indicate thefollowing, with the material requirements from
25、 Table B:PS0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,B = Cell Table B for property requirements,7 = Tensile strength, 70 MPa, min,6 = Tensile modulus, 2700 MPa, min,0 = Unspecified Izod impactI = Vicat softening temperature, 85C, min, and3 = Flow rate, 3.0, min.TABLE PS Polystyrene Materials, Detai
26、l Requirements, Natural Color OnlyGroup Description Class Description GradeDescrip-tionMelt Flow Rate,ASTM D 1238,Condition 200/5.0g/10 min, minAIzod Impact, (12.7by 3.2 mm) ASTMD 256, min, J/mBTensile Strength atYield, ASTM D 638,min, MPaC,DTensile Modulus,ASTM D 638, min,MPaDVicat SofteningPoint,
27、ASTMD 1525, Rate B, C,min 1000-g loadInjection molded Injection molded Injection molded Injection molded Injection molded01 Crystal 1 General- 1 1.0 45 3100 100Purpose 2 5.0 40 3000 953 10.0 35 2900 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified02 Rubber- 1 Medium- 1 1.0 40 34 2500 95modified impact 2 5.
28、0 40 28 2300 903 10.0 40 22 2000 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified2 High-impact 1 1.0 80 20 2000 952 5.0 80 18 1800 903 10.0 80 16 1600 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified3 Super-high- 1 1.0 120 14 1400 90impact 2 5.0 120 12 1200 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified00 Other 0 0ASpecimen may be pe
29、llets, powder, or parts cut into pieces that can fit into the barrel.BMethod A, specimen are nominal 3.2-mm thick injection-molded and taken from the center of Type I (D 638) specimen.CValues in this column for crystal PS are not yield, but break strengths; crystal PS does not exhibit a yield point.
30、DTensile properties determined on nominal 3.2-mm thick injection-molded Type I specimen tested at 5 mm/min.D 4549 032TABLE A Reinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail RequirementsADesignationOrder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile strength, ASTM D 638,Type 1 Specimens, mi
31、n, MPaUnspecified 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Specify2 Flexural modulusA, ASTM D 790,min, MPaUnspecified 3500 4200 4900 5600 6300 7000 8500 10 000 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen asrequired in Table PS, Footnote B,ASTM D 256, min, J/mUnspecified 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Specify4 DTULB, ASTM D 6
32、48, unannealed,1.82 MPa, min, CUnspecified 94 98 102 106 110 114 118 122 Specify5 Specific gravity, ASTM D 792, min Unspecified 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 SpecifyAMethod A: nominal 3.2 by 12.7 - mm sample: 50 - mm span: 1.3 - mm/min cross-head rate tangent modulus.BDeflection temperature of pla
33、stics under flexural load (12.7 by 3.2-mm) sample.TABLE B Unreinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile strength, ASTM D 638,Type 1 Specimens, min MPaUnspecified 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Specify2 Tensile modulus,
34、 ASTM D 638,min, MPaUnspecified 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen asrequired in Table PS, FootnoteB, ASTM D 256, min, J/mUnspecified 10 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 Specify4 Vicat softening point, ASTM D 1525,min, C, Rate BUnspecified 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 1
35、20 Specify5 Melt flow rate, ASTMD 1238, Condition 200/5.0, min,g/10 minUnspecified 0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 Specify5. Suffix Requirements5.1 When requirements are needed that supersede or supple-ment the property table or cell table requirements, they shall bespecified through the use of su
36、ffixes. In general, the first suffixletter indicates the special requirements needed and the secondletter indicates the condition or test method, or both, with athree-digit number indicating the specific requirement. Thesuffixes that may be used are listed in Table 3 of ClassificationSystem D 4000.N
37、OTE 8Properties of pigmented or colored PS materials can differfrom the properties of natural or unpigmented PS material, depending onthe choice of colorants and the concentration. The main property affectedis ductility, as illustrated by a reduction in Izod impact strength. If specificproperties of
38、 pigmented PS materials are necessary, prior testing betweenthe materials supplier and end user should be initiated.6. Basic Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from Table PS, as they apply, arealways in effect unless these requirements are superseded byspecific suffix requirements, which always take
39、 precedence.7. General Requirements7.1 The material composition shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.8. Detail Requirements8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PS, A, and B, andsuffix requirements as they
40、 apply.8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-fied limits for a specification (line callout) based on thisclassification system are absolute limits.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with the samplingprocedure prescribed in Practice E 105 or statistically adequateto sa
41、tisfy the requirements of 13.4. A lot of material shall beconsidered as a unit of manufacture as prepared for shipment,and may consist of two or more production runs or batches.10. Sample PreparationInjection- or Compression-Molding Process10.1 The test specimens shall be molded by an injectionmoldi
42、ng process as follows.10.2 For injection-molded samples, 220 6 10 C is the melttemperature and 50 6 10 C is the mold temperature.10.2.1 The injection velocity for molding specimens shallbe 200 6 100 mm/s. Average injection velocity of the flowfront through the critical measurement area of the specim
43、enmay be calculated using the following equation:AIV5pd2Va4ns(1)where:d = screw diameter,Va = screw advance speed,n = number of mold cavities, andD 4549 033s = cross-sectional area of the specimen.NOTE 9The mold must have balanced flow for this equation to bevalid.10.3 Izod Impact specimens shall be
44、 obtained from thecentral portion of a Test Method D 638, Type 1 tensile bar. Theapex of the milled notch shall be at the center (within 1 mm)of the tensile bar length. In accordance with Test MethodsD 256, the distance between the apex of the notch and theimpacted end of the specimen shall be 32 6
45、1 mm, howeverthe length of specimen that is contained within the vise isrequired to be at least 22 mm.10.4 The recommended flexural modulus specimen is a TestMethod D 638, Type 1 tensile bar. The loading nose of theflexural apparatus shall be placed within 3 mm of the center ofthe tensile bar.11. Co
46、nditioning11.1 Test specimens shall be conditioned at 23 6 2C for atleast two hours before performing the required tests.11.2 Conduct tests in the atmosphere of 23 6 2 C.12. Test Methods12.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this specifica-tion by means of the ASTM test methods as they apply, u
47、nlessotherwise stated herein.13. Inspection and Certification13.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be for conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.13.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis o
48、n whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of those tests which ensure processcontrol during manufacture: melt flow rate and Izod impact.13.3 Periodic-check inspection shall consist of the testsspecified for all requirements of the material under th
49、isclassification system. Inspection frequency shall be adequate toensure the material is certifiable in accordance with 13.4.13.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-tured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with thisclassification system and that the average values meet therequirements at a confidence level of 95 %.13.5 A report of the test results shall be furnished whenrequested. The report shall consist of results of the lot-acceptance inspection for the shipment and the results of themost recent periodic-check inspection.14. Pac
