1、Designation: D4549 11Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification forPolystyrene and Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Molding andExtrusion Materials (PS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers polystyrene materials,both cryst
3、al and rubber modified, suitable for molding andextrusion.1.2 This classification system and subsequent line callout(specification) are intended to be a means of calling out plasticmaterials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is notintended for the selection of materials. Material sel
4、ection canbe made by those having expertise in the plastics field aftercareful consideration of the design and the performancerequired of the part, the environment to which it will beexposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherentproperties of the material other than those covered by t
5、hisspecification, and the economics.1.3 The properties included in this specification are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. Other require-ments necessary to identify particular characteristics importantto specialized applications are to be specified using the suffixesas given in Se
6、ction 5.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 1This standard combines elements from ISO 1622-1-2 andISO 2897-1-2, but is not equivalent to either ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Te
7、st Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plast
8、ics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperatu
9、re ofPlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD5630 Test Method for Ash Content in PlasticsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conform
10、ance with SpecificationsE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 1622-1-2 Polystyrene (PS) Molding and ExtrusionMaterialsISO 2897-1-2 Impact Resistant Polystyrene (PS-I) Moldingand Extrusion Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this classific
11、ationsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.4. Classification4.1 Polystyrene materials are classified into groups in ac-cordance with classes and grades as shown in the basicproperty table (Table PS). Injection molded properties are thepreferred standard and are used for the basis
12、 of call outexamples.NOTE 2Since compression molded properties have been removedfrom the standard with this publication, refer to previous publications ofthis standard, if interested in these properties.NOTE 3An example of this classification system for PS0111 is asfollows: The designation PS0111 wo
13、uld indicate: PS = polystyrene asfound in Terminology D1600, 01 (group) = crystal polystyrene, 1 (class)= general-purpose, and 1 (grade) = minimum-grade requirements as foundin Table PS.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of
14、 Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4549 03. DOI:10.1520/D4549-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Custo
15、mer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1*A Summary of Changes s
16、ection appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (0) for group, class,and grade is shown i
17、n Table PS. The basic properties areobtained from Tables A or B as they apply (see 4.3).4.2 Reinforced and filled polystyrene materials are classi-fied in accordance with Table PS and Table A. Table PSspecifies unreinforced material and Table A the properties afteraddition of reinforcements or lubri
18、cants at the normal levelsindicated (see 4.2.1).4.2.1 Reinforcements and Additive MaterialsA single let-ter will be used for the major reinforcement or combination, orboth, along with two digits that indicate the percentage ofaddition by mass with the tolerances tabulated as follows:Symbol Material
19、Tolerance(Based on Total Mass)C Carbon and graphitefiber-reinforced6 2%G Glass 6 2%M Mineral-reinforced 6 2%L Lubricants Depends upon material andprocess to be specifiedR Combination ofreinforcementor fillers, or both6 2%NOTE 4This part of the system uses the type and percentages ofadditive to desig
20、nate the modification of the basic material. Percentage ofadditives can be shown on the suppliers Technical Data Sheet unless it isproprietary. If necessary, additional requirements shall be indicated by theuse of the suffix part of the system, as given in Section 5.NOTE 5Determine ash content of fi
21、lled or reinforced materials usingTest Method D5630 where applicable.4.2.2 Table A, Detail RequirementsAn identifying num-ber is made up of the letterAand five digits comprising the cellnumbers for the new requirements in the designated order asthey appear in Table A.4.2.2.1 Although the values list
22、ed are necessary to includethe range of properties available in existing materials, notevery possible combination of the properties exists or can beobtained.NOTE 6An example of a reinforced polystyrene of this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PS0110G15A12332 would indicatethe foll
23、owing material requirements from Table A:0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,G15 = Glass-reinforced at 15 % nominal (see 4.2.1),A = Table A for property requirements,1 = Tensile strength, 50 MPa, min,2 = Flexural modulus, 4200 MPa, min,3 = Izod impact, 40 J/m, min,3 = Deflection temperature,
24、102C, min, and2 = Specific gravity, 1.2, min.If no properties are specified, the designation would be PS0110G15-A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this specification tofacilitate the classification of special materials where Table PSor Table A does not reflect the required properties. Tab
25、les shallbe used in the same manner as Table A.NOTE 7An example of a special material using this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PS0110B76013 indicates thefollowing, with the material requirements from Table B:PS0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,B = Cell Table B for prop
26、erty requirements,7 = Tensile strength, 70 MPa, min,6 = Tensile modulus, 2700 MPa, min,0 = Unspecified Izod impactI = Vicat softening temperature, 85C, min, and3 = Flow rate, 3.0, min.TABLE PS Polystyrene Materials, Detail Requirements, Natural Color OnlyGroup Description Class Description GradeDesc
27、rip-tionMelt Flow Rate,ASTM D1238,Condition 200/5.0g/10 min, minAIzod Impact, (12.7by 3.2 mm) ASTMD256,min,J/mBTensile Strength atYield, ASTM D638,min, MPaC,DTensile Modulus,ASTM D638, min,MPaDVicat SofteningPoint, ASTMD1525, Rate B, C,min 1000-g loadInjection molded Injection molded Injection molde
28、d Injection molded Injection molded01 Crystal 1 General- 1 1.0 45 3100 100Purpose 2 5.0 40 3000 953 10.0 35 2900 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified02 Rubber- 1 Medium- 1 1.0 40 34 2500 95modified impact 2 5.0 40 28 2300 903 10.0 40 22 2000 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified2 High-impact 1 1.0
29、80 20 2000 952 5.0 80 18 1800 903 10.0 80 16 1600 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified3 Super-high- 1 1.0 120 14 1400 90impact 2 5.0 120 12 1200 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified00 Other 0 0AUse pellets, powder, or parts cut into pieces that can fit into the barrel.BMethod A, specimen are nomin
30、al 3.2-mm thick injection-molded and taken from the center of Type I (D638) specimen.CValues in this column for crystal PS are not yield, but break strengths; crystal PS does not exhibit a yield point.DTensile properties determined on nominal 3.2-mm thick injection-molded Type I specimen tested at 5
31、 mm/min.D4549 112TABLE A Reinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail RequirementsADesignationOrder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile strength, ASTM D638,Type 1 Specimens, min, MPaUnspecified 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Specify2 Flexural modulusA, ASTM D790,min, MPaUnspecifie
32、d 3500 4200 4900 5600 6300 7000 8500 10 000 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen asrequired in Table PS, Footnote B,ASTM D256,min,J/mUnspecified 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Specify4 DTULB, ASTM D648, unannealed,1.82 MPa, min, CUnspecified 94 98 102 106 110 114 118 122 Specify5 Specific gravity, ASTM D
33、792, min Unspecified 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 SpecifyAMethod A: nominal 3.2 by 12.7 - mm sample: 50 - mm span: 1.3 - mm/min cross-head rate tangent modulus.BDeflection temperature of plastics under flexural load (12.7 by 3.2-mm) sample.TABLE B Unreinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail Requir
34、ementsDesignationOrder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile strength, ASTM D638,Type 1 Specimens, min MPaUnspecified 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Specify2 Tensile modulus, ASTM D638,min, MPaUnspecified 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen a
35、srequired in Table PS, FootnoteB, ASTM D256,min,J/mUnspecified 10 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 Specify4 Vicat softening point, ASTM D1525,min, C, Rate BUnspecified 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 Specify5 Melt flow rate, ASTMD1238, Condition 200/5.0, min,g/10 minUnspecified 0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 12.0 15
36、.0 Specify5. Suffix Requirements5.1 When additional requirements are needed that are notcovered by the basic requirements or cell table requirements,they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes is found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3) and are to be used for addi
37、tional requirementsas appropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to thatstandard as test methods and requirements are developed andrequested.NOTE 8Properties of pigmented or colored PS materials can differfrom the properties of natural or unpigmented PS material, depending onthe choice of colora
38、nts and the concentration. The main property affectedis ductility, as illustrated by a reduction in Izod impact strength. If specificproperties of pigmented PS materials are necessary, prior testing betweenthe materials supplier and end user should be initiated.6. Basic Requirements6.1 Basic require
39、ments from the property tables or celltables are always in effect unless these requirements aresuperseded by specific suffix requirements, which always takeprecedence.7. General Requirements7.1 The material composition shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.8. Detail
40、Requirements8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Tables PS, A, and B, andsuffix requirements as they apply.8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-fied limits for a specification (line callout) based on thisclassification syste
41、m are absolute limits, as defined in PracticeE29.8.3 With the absolute method, an observed value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlywith the limiting value. Conformance or nonconformance isbased on this comparison.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with th
42、e samplingprocedure prescribed in Practice E105 or statistically adequateto satisfy the requirements of 13.4.9.2 A lot of material shall be considered as a unit ofmanufacture as prepared for shipment, and is allowed toconsist of two or more production runs or batches.10. Sample PreparationInjection-
43、 or Compression-Molding Process10.1 The test specimens shall be molded by an injectionmolding process as follows.10.2 For injection-molded samples, 220 6 10 C is the melttemperature and 50 6 10 C is the mold temperature.10.2.1 The injection velocity for molding specimens shallbe 200 6 100 mm/s. Aver
44、age injection velocity of the flowfront through the critical measurement area of the specimen iscalculated using the following equation:AIV5pd2Va4ns(1)where:D4549 113d = screw diameter, (mm)Va = screw advance speed, (mm/s)n = number of mold cavities, ands = cross-sectional area of the specimen, (mm2
45、)NOTE 9The mold must have balanced flow for this equation to bevalid.10.3 Izod Impact specimens shall be obtained from thecentral portion of a Test Method D638, Type 1 tensile bar. Theapex of the milled notch shall be at the center (within 1 mm)of the tensile bar length. In accordance with Test Meth
46、odsD256, the distance between the apex of the notch and theimpacted end of the specimen shall be 32 6 1 mm, howeverthe length of specimen that is contained within the vise isrequired to be at least 22 mm.10.4 The recommended flexural modulus specimen is a TestMethod D638, Type 1 tensile bar. The loa
47、ding nose of theflexural apparatus shall be placed within 3 mm of the center ofthe tensile bar.11. Conditioning11.1 Test specimens shall be conditioned at 23 6 2C for atleast two hours before performing the required tests.11.2 Conduct tests in the atmosphere of 23 6 2 C.12. Test Methods12.1 Determin
48、e the properties enumerated in this specifica-tion by means of the ASTM test methods as they apply, unlessotherwise stated herein.13. Inspection and Certification13.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be fo
49、r conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.13.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of those tests which ensure processcontrol during manufacture: melt flow rate and Izod impact.13.3 Periodic-check inspection shall consist of the testsspecified for all requirements of the material under thisclassification system. Inspection frequency shall be adequate toensure the material is certifiable in accordance with 13.4.13.4 Certification shall be that the
