1、Designation: D 4561 96 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Practice forQuality Control Systems for Organizations Producing andApplying Bituminous Paving Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4561; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice prescribes the general requirements for theestablishment and
3、maintenance of a quality control system fororganizations producing or applying bituminous paving mate-rials, or both, in construction.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to esta
4、blish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements forAgen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials3. Significance and Use3.1 This
5、 practice provides a standard by which organiza-tions can provide a uniform quality service in producing andapplying bituminous paving materials in construction. Thepractice outlines and describes the procedures for establishingand maintaining a quality control system.3.2 The control of quality is a
6、 continuing process; conse-quently, this practice provides not only for the formation of aprogram but for its continuation through calibration, standard-ization, and reference sample and inspection programs.3.3 The basic requirements for a quality control systemencompass the following, all of which
7、shall be documented:3.3.1 Quality policy, planning, and administration,3.3.2 Organization,3.3.3 Human resources,3.3.4 Physical resources, and3.3.5 Quality control and evaluation.4. Quality Statement, Planning, and Administration4.1 Quality StatementA quality statement shall describemanagements speci
8、fic intention and policy with respect toquality. This document should specify an organized approachfor carrying out those intentions and should address itself to allmajor quality parameters. It should be approved by the chiefexecutive officer for company-wide policies or by subordinateofficers for s
9、pecialized policies, as applicable. Periodic orga-nizational audits should be conducted to ensure adherence toquality policies.4.2 Quality PlanningPlanning for each new test methodshould define those characteristics to be controlled, in orderthat the services provided comply with its defined require
10、-ments.4.3 AdministrationClear lines of authority shall be estab-lished to administer the quality system.4.3.1 Quality ResponsibilityThe quality responsibility ofeach unit within the organization shall be defined, agreed upon,and documented by the chief operation officer of each unit.4.3.2 Quality P
11、erformance ReportingResponsibility forreporting to higher management performance against statedquality objectives should rest with functions independent ofthose responsible for the attainment of those objectives. Pro-cedures for documentation and record retention should beestablished.4.3.3 Quality A
12、udit SystemsTo provide assurance, a peri-odic audit of the quality system should be made by anorganizational element independent of the unit being audited orby a qualified third party. It may include, as appropriate:4.3.3.1 Management audits to determine how well qualitypolicy and objectives are bei
13、ng met, and4.3.3.2 System audits, including testing process audits, todetermine how well quality planning has been implementedand to identify areas where changes would be beneficial to thequality of services performed.5. Organization5.1 The following information concerning the organizationshall be p
14、rovided by documentation:5.1.1 A description of the organization including:1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road andPaving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.95 onQuality Control, Inspection and Testing Agencies.Current edition approved De
15、c. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 4561 96 (2001)2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, re
16、fer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.1.1 The complete legal name and address of the mainoffice,5.1.1.2 The names and positions of the principal officers and
17、directors,5.1.1.3 The ownership, managerial structure, and principalmembers,5.1.1.4 The functional description of the organizationalstructure, operational departments, support departments, andservices,NOTE 1This may be demonstrated in the form of charts that depict allthe divisions, departments, sec
18、tions, and units, and their relationships.5.1.1.5 All organizational affiliates and the principal officersof affiliates and directors where applicable,5.1.1.6 External organizations and organizational compo-nents and their functions that are utilized for significantsupporting services, and5.1.1.7 A
19、brief history of the organization including itsrelationship with its organizational component affiliations andother supporting information.5.1.2 Ageneral description of the geographical areas served.5.1.3 A general description of the type of users of theorganizations services.5.1.4 The functional de
20、scription of the organizational struc-ture, operational departments, and support departments andservices. This may be demonstrated in the form of charts thatdepict all of the divisions, departments, sections, and units andtheir relationships.5.1.5 A listing of the relevant services offered.5.1.6 A l
21、ist giving applicable dates of the qualifications,accreditations, and recognition by others.6. Human Resources6.1 Management ResponsibilitiesThe quality related re-quirements, duties, and responsibilities of all personnel shall beidentified. Job criteria that are quality related should bespecified i
22、n job descriptions to permit proper employee selec-tion.6.2 Employee Selection and TrainingEmployees shouldbe selected on the basis of capability and experience or thepotential to fully qualify for the job. A training program shallbe maintained to ensure that employees develop and retain skillcompet
23、ence.6.3 The organization shall provide the following documen-tation:6.3.1 A written outline or chart giving operational personnelpositions and their lines of responsibility and authority.6.3.2 A summary job description for each relevant positioncategory including the required education, training, a
24、nd expe-rience.6.3.3 A brief biography outlining the education and workexperience of key staff.6.4 The organization shall have available a description of itsmethods of maintaining personnel records to document thequalifications, work experience and training history of eachperson in the positions des
25、cribed in 6.3.2. The organizationshall also provide a description of its means of insuring theconfidence of its human resources including the maintenanceof records.7. Physical Resources7.1 The organization shall provide an inventory of itsrelevant physical resources including:7.1.1 A general descrip
26、tion of facilities.7.1.2 An inventory of equipment used to perform theservices including the following for each item of equipment:7.1.2.1 Type of equipment and use,7.1.2.2 Name of manufacturer,7.1.2.3 The equipment model and serial number,7.1.2.4 Properties of the equipment subject to standardiza-ti
27、on or calibration, if any,7.1.2.5 The range of operation and range of calibration,7.1.2.6 Reference to a recognized calibration procedure,7.1.2.7 Frequency of calibration, and7.1.2.8 Allowable tolerances or maximum sensitivity.7.1.3 A written procedure manual outlining the procedurefor proper use of
28、 the equipment.8. Quality Control and Evaluation8.1 The organization shall provide the following documen-tation concerning its procedural systems that directly affect thequality of services offered;8.1.1 Calibration results for each item of calibratable equip-ment. A calibration system shall be esta
29、blished so that devicescan be calibrated, adjusted, repaired, or replaced before be-coming inaccurate,8.1.2 Standardization results for each procedure, if appli-cable.8.2 Records:8.2.1 Types of Quality RecordsBasic information for aneffective quality system shall include, where appropriate:8.2.1.1 M
30、aterials and equipment identification to allowtraceability of which materials and equipment have been used,and on what date.8.2.1.2 Testing and quality control procedures, with appli-cable standards, checks, and tests.8.2.1.3 Inspection and test records as evidence that theprescribed inspections and
31、 tests have been performed, bywhom, and with what results.8.2.1.4 Identification and recording of materials that deviatefrom the specifications with assurance that the deviations havebeen properly reported to the customer.8.2.2 Content and UseAll quality records shall:8.2.2.1 Be current, complete, a
32、ccurate, legible, and perti-nent, showing information such as identification of productstested, date tested, and inspection procedures followed,8.2.2.2 Contain the date of origination of the records,8.2.2.3 Be identifiable as to the person responsible for theirpreparation,8.2.2.4 Show quantity, type
33、, and severity of discrepanciesfound, and8.2.2.5 Be retained in accordance with a stated recordretention policy, so as to be available for periodic independentreviews, as needed.9. Keywords9.1 human resources; organization; physical resources;quality control; quality systems; recordsD 4561 96 (2006)
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35、e entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standa
36、rdsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Commit
37、tee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 4561 96 (2006)3
