1、Designation: D4566 081D4566 14 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forElectrical Performance Properties of Insulations andJackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4566; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、 the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEquation in 47.1.1 was editorially changed in January
3、 2012.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover procedures for electrical testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on telecommuni-cations wire and cable and for the testing of electrical characteristics of completed products. To determine the procedure to be usedon the particular insulation
4、 or jacket compound, or on the end product, reference should be made to the specification for theproduct.1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections of this standard:Test Method SectionsElectrical Tests of InsulationIn-Process 4 8DC proof test 8Insulation defect or fault rate 7Spark test 6
5、Electrical Tests of Completed Wire and Cable 9 51Attenuation 24Attenuation, effects due to aging 31Attenuation, effects due to elevated temperature 29Attenuation, effects due to humidity 30Attenuation to crosstalk ratiofar end (ACR-F) 28Attenuation to crosstalk rationear end (ACR-N) 26Capacitance de
6、viation 19Capacitance difference 20Capacitance unbalance, Pair-to-ground (CUPG) 22Capacitance unbalance, Pair-to-pair (CUPP) 21Capacitance unbalance, Pair-to-support wire 23Characteristic ImpedanceMethod 1 Propagation con-stantand capacitance47Characteristic ImpedanceMethod 2, Single-endedmeasuremen
7、ts48Characteristic ImpedanceMethod 3 Least SquaresFunction Fit49Coaxial capacitance (capacitance to water) 17Conductor continuity 11Conductor resistance (CR) 13Conductor resistance unbalance (CRU of pairs) 15Continuity of other metallic elements 12Crosses test (continuity between wires of different
8、pairs) 35Crosstalk loss, far-end 27Crosstalk loss, near-end 25DC proof test, Core-to-internal shield (screen) 40DC proof test, Core-to-shield 38DC proof test, Core-to-support wire 39DC proof test, Internal shield (screen)-to-shield 41DC proof test, Other required isolations 42DC proof test, Wire-to-
9、wire 37Fault rate test (air core only) 33Insulation resistance (IR) 321 These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD09.18 on Solid Insulations, Non-Metallic Shieldings and Cover
10、ings for Electrical and Telecommunication Wires and Cables.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008May 15, 2014. Published December 2008May 2014. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20052008 asD4566 05D4566 081. DOI: 10.1520/D4566-08E01.10.1520/D4566-14.This document is not a
11、n ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate.
12、In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Test
13、Method SectionsJacket voltage breakdown rating test 36Mutual capacitance (CM) 18Mutual conductance 16Phase Constant 44Phase Delay 45Phase Velocity 46Resistance of other metallic cable elements 14Shorts test (continuity between wires of a pair) 34Structural Return Loss and Return Loss 50Unbalance att
14、enuation (conversion losses) 51Voltage surge test 431.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purp
15、ort to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section
16、s 6 and 37.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor MaterialsD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD2633 Test Met
17、hods for Thermoplastic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and CableD3426 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials UsingImpulse WavesD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationE29
18、 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/IEEE Standard 100 IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms32.3 IEC Standard:IEC 61156-1 Multicore and Symmetrical Pair/Quad Cables for Digital CommunicationsPart
19、 1: Generic Specification33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1711.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 air core, nrefers to products in which the air spaces between cable core components (pairs, etc.) remain in their
20、 unfilledor natural state.3.2.2 armored wire or cable, nwire or cable in which the shielded or jacketed or shielded and jacketed wire or cable iscompletely enclosed by a metallic covering designed to protect the underlying telecommunications elements from mechanicaldamage.3.2.3 cable, telecommunicat
21、ions, nproducts of six or more pairs.3.2.4 filled core, nthose products in which air spaces are filled with some materials intended to exclude air or moisture, orboth.3.2.5 low frequency cable, ncable used for transmitting signals at a frequency of 2 MHz or less.3.2.6 pair, ntwo insulated conductors
22、 combined with a twist.3.2.7 sheath, nthe jacket and any underlying layers of shield, armor, or other intermediate material down to but not includingthe core wrap.3.2.8 shielded wire or cable, nwire or cable in which the core (or inner jacket) is completely enclosed by a metallic coveringdesigned to
23、 shield the core from electrostatic or electromagnetic interference, or both.3.2.9 wire, telecommunications, nproducts containing less than six pairs.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stand
24、ardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, East Englewood, CO 80112-5704, http:/.D4566 142ELECTRICAL TESTS OF INSULATIONIN-PROCESS4. Scope4.1 In-process electrical tests are used primarily
25、as process control tools in an attempt to minimize the number and magnitudeof problems detected at final test of completed cable.5. Significance and Use5.1 Electrical tests, properly interpreted, provide information with regard to the electrical properties of the insulation. Theelectrical test value
26、s give an indication as to how the insulation will perform under conditions similar to those observed in the tests.Electrical tests may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejectionunder specifications.6. Spark Test6.1 The spark test is i
27、ntended to detect defects in the insulation of insulated wire conductors. Spark testers are commonly usedto detect insulation defects (faults) at conductor insulating operations, at pair twisting operations, and (occasionally) at operationsfor assembly or subassembly of conductors. In selected insta
28、nces, spark tests may be are used to detect defects in the jackets ofshielded wire and cable, and in such cases, spark testers appear on cable jacketing lines. The basic method calls for a voltage tobe applied between a grounded conductor and an electrode that is in mechanical contact with the surfa
29、ce of the material beingtested. The wire or cable under test usually moves continuously against the electrode. When the dielectric medium is faulty (forexample, excessively thin or missing, as in a pin-hole or when mechanically damaged), the impressed voltage will produce an arcto the grounded condu
30、ctor. This arcing or sparking will usually activate one or more indicators (such as, warning buzzers or lights,counters, etc.) and, when appropriately interlocked, may are sometimes used to halt the production or movement of the itemthrough the spark tester electrode. For telecommunications products
31、, the number of faults is usually only counted while productioncontinues. Jacket defects may beare sometimes flagged when detected. Jacket defects and units of insulated wire containing anexcessive number of faults may beare either repaired or disposed of.6.2 WarningLethal voltages Lethal voltages a
32、re a potential hazard during the performance of this test. It is essential that thetest apparatus, and all associated equipment electrically connected to it, be properly designed and installed for safe operation.WarningLethal voltages may be present during this test. It is essential that the test ap
33、paratus, and all associated equipment thatmay be electrically connected to it, be properly designed and installed for safe operation. Solidly ground all electrically conductiveparts that any person might come into contact with during the test. Provide means for use at the completion of any test to g
34、roundany parts which: were at high voltage during the test; may have acquired an induced charge during the test; may retain a chargeeven after disconnection of the voltage source. Thoroughly instruct all operators in the proper way to conduct tests safely. Whenmaking high voltage tests, particularly
35、 in compressed gas or in oil, the energy released at breakdown may be sufficient to resultin fire, explosion, or rupture of the test chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers, and test specimens so as to minimize thepossibility of personal injury.6.2.1 Solidly ground all electrically conductive
36、parts which it is possible for a person to contact during the test.6.2.2 Provide means for use at the completion of any test to ground any parts which were at high voltage during the test or havethe potential for acquiring an induced charge during the test or retaining a charge even after disconnect
37、ion of the voltage source.6.2.3 Thoroughly instruct all operators as to the correct procedures for performing tests safely.6.2.4 When making high voltage tests, particularly in compressed gas or in oil, it is possible for the energy released atbreakdown to be sufficient to result in fire, explosion,
38、 or rupture of the test chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers, andtest specimens so as to minimize the possibility of such occurrences and to eliminate the possibility of personal injury. If thepotential for fire exists, have fire suppression equipment available.6.3 Unless otherwise limited
39、by detailed specification requirements, spark testers used may generate either an ac or dc testvoltage; if ac, one or more of various frequencies may be are used. For safety to personnel, spark test equipment is usuallycurrent-limited to levels normally considered to be non-lethal. Unless otherwise
40、specified, the test voltage level employed shall beat the discretion of the manufacturer.6.4 Unless otherwise limited by detailed specification requirements, various types of electrodes may be used, at the discretionof the manufacturer. Bead such as bead chains, water, ionized air and spring rods ar
41、e among electrode types that have beensuccessfully employed. employed at the discretion of the manufacturer. The length of the electrode is also variable; unlessotherwise limited by detailed specification requirements, electrode size and length shall be such that the tester will operatesuccessfully
42、for any particular rate of travel of the product through the tester that is used. In spite of current limitations, electrodesare normally provided with grounded metallic screens or shields to guard against accidental personnel contact.6.5 Both ends of the conductor of an insulated wire, or both ends
43、 of a metallic shield under a cable jacket are grounded, andthen attached to the ground side of the tester.Attach the high voltage side of the tester to the sparker electrode. Set the test voltageD4566 143at the level specified. Unless otherwise specified, energize the spark tester whenever the prod
44、uct to be tested is moving throughthe electrode. Take appropriate action (for example, flag defects, count defects, adjust the process, etc.) when and if defects aredetected.6.6 Report:6.6.1 Report the following information recorded on suitable forms (that is, production reports):6.6.1.1 Machine num
45、ber and type (that is, extruder, twister, etc.),6.6.1.2 Date of production test,6.6.1.3 Insulation type (air core or filled core), conductor gage and footage,6.6.1.4 Voltage level, and6.6.1.5 Number of indicated faults.6.7 Precision and BiasThe precision of this test has not been determined. No stat
46、ement can be made about the bias of thisspark test since the result merely states whether there is conformance to the criteria for success specified in the productspecification.7. Insulation Defect or Fault RateIn-Process7.1 For purposes of in-process quality control, it may be is desirable to monit
47、or and record in-process faults at a particularoperation (such as, extruders, twisters, etc.) and relate the number of defects found to the quantity of product produced.7.2 When appropriate, and using records of the quantity of product produced versus the number of insulation defects counted,a fault
48、 rate may be established as a ratio as follows:such as the following ratio is used:Fault Rate5NL 5 1X (1)where:N = the number of faults detected,L = the length of the product over which the faults are detected, andX = the average length of the product per fault.7.3 Fault rates may be are determined
49、for any particular time frame as desired; however, minimum industry practice is to keepfault rate records covering periods approximating 1 month, with cumulative records kept for 6-month periods (for example, forthe first 6 months of the year, the fault rate was 1/40 000 ft, meaning 1 fault/40 000 conductor ft).7.4 ReportReport in accordance with 6.6.7.5 Precision and BiasThe precision of this test has not been determined. No statement can be made about the bias of thistest for insulation defect or fault rate since the result
