1、Designation: D4619 12 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practice forInspection of Linings in Operating Flue Gas DesulfurizationSystems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4619; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for conducting in-spections of the conditions of various linings in
3、operating FlueGas Desulfurization (FGD) system components.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-min
4、e the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Interna
5、tional Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C805 Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened Con-creteC856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of HardenedConcreteD610 Pract
6、ice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on PaintedSteel SurfacesD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Adhesion TestersD6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesio
7、n by KnifeD7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of DryFilm Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied toFerrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals2.2 SSPC Standards:3SSPC-PA 2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Mag-netic GagesSSPC-VIS 2 Standard
8、 Method of Evaluating Degree ofRusting on Painted Steel Surfaces3. Significance and Use3.1 Periodic inspections are essential to evaluate liningperformance, to detect existing damage potential problems, andto plan scheduled maintenance. The frequency of these inspec-tions may diminish or increase wi
9、th time depending uponlining performance.4. Recordkeeping4.1 Lining condition will depend on the operating condi-tions experienced by the lining systems. Records of theseconditions that are maintained by the owner/operator should beevaluated for potential effects upon the linings. These mayinclude:4
10、.1.1 Dates of lining installation and initial operation,4.1.2 Solution/gas temperatures in lined components,4.1.3 Solution/gas chemistry (pH, composition),4.1.4 Start up/shut down dates,4.1.5 Gas velocities and particulate loading, and4.1.6 Ambient conditions.4.2 Any known change in the process crit
11、eria or modifica-tions of the physical design shall be identified and dated.4.3 All past history pertaining to the lining systems shouldbe available during the inspection process. They may include:4.3.1 Copies of existing lining specifications and installa-tion procedures.4.3.2 Quality control docum
12、ents of the existing lining in-stallation.4.3.3 Copies of previous inspection reports.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 on ProtectiveCoating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D33.09 on Protective Lining forAir
13、 Quality ControlSystems.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4619 12. DOI:10.1520/D4619-12R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
14、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
15、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations
16、 issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.3.4 Documentation pertaining to any maintenance of ex-isting lining systems.5. Inspection Team5.1 The owner/operator should select a team of experiencedpersonnel to conduct the inspection. Personnel representing t
17、hefollowing may be included:5.1.1 Owners representative,5.1.2 Lining manufacturer,5.1.3 Lining applicator,5.1.4 Equipment designer,5.1.5 Architect engineer,5.1.6 Third party inspectors, and5.1.7 System designer.6. Hazards6.1 All safety requirements of OSHA and the owner/operator, must be met when pe
18、rforming all inspection opera-tions. Residues, including acids, heavy metals, or other haz-ardous materials, may be present in deposits, on the liningsurfaces, or in the atmosphere. Precautions shall be taken toprotect personnel. Confined entry safety requirements shall beadhered to where applicable
19、.7. Pre-Inspection Procedure7.1 Prior to conducting an inspection of the lining, theowner/operator shall ensure that the following services andequipment are provided.7.1.1 SafetyThe inspection team shall verify that theequipment being inspected has been made safe for entry. Thisshall include lockout
20、 procedures for related equipment such as,but not limited to, the boiler, dampers, valves, fans, and pumps.7.1.2 LightingSufficient lighting shall be provided to as-sure general lighting of the overall area plus localized highintensity lights for close visual observation or taking ofphotographs, or
21、both. The lighting fixtures shall be equippedwith a safety guard to minimize breakage and injury.7.1.3 Access to Lining SurfacesThe access equipmentmust meet all safety requirements of OSHA and the owner/operator. The equipment must be capable of placing theinspectors close enough to the lining surf
22、ace to perform allinspection procedures.7.1.4 CleaningSelected lining surfaces to be inspectedshall be cleaned of any deposits or buildup that will obscureexamination of the lining. The cleaning procedure selectedmust not cause damage to the lining.7.1.5 VentilationProvisions must be made to assure
23、thatadequate fresh air is provided in all FGD components beinginspected. If some components are on line, provisions must betaken to adequately isolate such components.8. Inspection Procedures8.1 The inspection should include visual examination, pho-tographic examination, mapping of potential problem
24、 areas,specific destructive or nondestructive testing, and removal (ifrequired) of representative samples for analysis (see Table 1).TABLE 1 Lining Maintenance Inspection ParametersOrganic Resins Organic Elastomers Inorganic/Cementitious Inorganic/MasonryVisual Inspection: Visual Inspection: Visual
25、Inspection: Visual Inspection:Rust Rust Erosion/mechanical damage Erosion/mechanical damageChemical Degradation Chemical Degradation Cracking Cracking:Surface Effects: Surface Effects: Softening Mortar jointAbrasion/erosion Abrasion/erosion Spalling Brick faceAligatoring/checking Swelling/Distortion
26、 Rust staining SpallingDiscoloration/charring Softening Efflorescence Softening:Flaking Crazing Anchor exposure BrickCracking Cracking Delaminations MortarSoftening Surface sloughing Substrate exposure Expansion jointBlistering/delamination: Blistering: Swelling/Distortion Color Change:Size Size Exp
27、osed membrane BrickDensity Density Physical Testing: MortarEntrapped contents for analysis Entrapped contents for analysis Hardness (Schmidt hammer) Swelling/DistortionMechanical Damage Mechanical Damage: Measure crack widths and pattern Exposed MembranePhysical Testing: Gouging Core samples, if req
28、uired Physical Testing:Lining thickness Cutting Remove cementitious layer to permit Hardness (Schmidt hammer)High voltage holiday testing is not Tearing visual examination of under- Core samples, if requiredrecommended for linings thathave been in serviceOvercompression(mating surfaces)laying membra
29、ne/substrate Petrographic analysis, if requiredAdhesion testing, if required Adhesive failureCohesive failuresReversion (Reverting to soft con-ditions with loss of physicalproperties)Physical Testing:Lining thicknessHigh voltage holiday testing is notrecommended for linings thathave been in serviceA
30、dhesion testing, if requiredShore durometer hardnessD4619 12 (2018)28.2 Temperature may influence observed or tested liningparameters, such as crack width, hardness, and adhesion.During inspection, temperature of the lining surface and theinterior and exterior ambient temperatures of the componentsh
31、ould be measured and recorded.8.3 Other parameters important to the inspection should bediscussed with the parties involved and agreed to prior to theinspection.9. Report9.1 The owner/operator shall designate who is responsiblefor the preparation of an inspection report.9.2 Report the following info
32、rmation:9.2.1 Pertinent background information contained in Sec-tion 4,9.2.2 Date(s) of inspection,9.2.3 Participants and their affiliation,9.2.4 Documentation of inspection,9.2.5 Photographs/videos, as applicable,9.2.6 Mapping of problem areas,9.2.7 Test results, and9.2.8 Conclusions and recommenda
33、tions.10. Repairs10.1 If repairs of the lining are required, the owner/operatoror his representative shall prepare specific repair specificationsor procedures, or both, with the input of the liningmanufacturer(s), the applicator(s), and others as necessary.10.2 These specifications or procedures, or
34、 both, may beprepared in advance or as a result of the inspection.11. Keywords11.1 cementitious linings; chemical resistant linings; fluegas desulfurization (FGD); inorganic linings; inspection oflinings; organic linings; power generation facility liningsASTM International takes no position respecti
35、ng the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stand
36、ard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internation
37、al Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.T
38、his standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 12 (2018)3
