1、Designation: D4637/D4637M 10Standard Specification forEPDM Sheet Used In Single-Ply Roof Membrane1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4637/D4637M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet mad
3、e fromethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) intended for usein single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. Thetests and property limits used to characterize the sheet arevalues to ensure minimum quality for the intended use. Thesheet may be non-reinforced, fabric- or scrim-reinforced,
4、orfabric-backed vulcanized rubber sheet.1.2 In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resis-tance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, and upliftresistance, among others, are factors that must be consideredbut are beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 The values stated in e
5、ither SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This stan
6、dard may involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicab
7、ility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD413 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyAdhesion toFlexible SubstrateD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD518 Test Method
8、for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceCracking3D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD816 Test Methods for Rubber CementsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deteri
9、orationCrackingin an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittlenessPoint of Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD5602 Test Method for Static Puncture Resist
10、ance of Roof-ing Membrane SpecimensD5635 Test Method for Dynamic Puncture Resistance ofRoofing Membrane SpecimensD6382 Practice for Dynamic Mechanical Analysis andThermogravimetry of Roofing and Waterproofing Mem-brane MaterialG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-celerated Test Dev
11、ices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating XenonArc LightApparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Classification3.1 Types describe the sheet construction:3.1.1 Type INon-reinforced.3.1.2 Type IIScrim (or fabric) internally reinforced.3.1.3 Type IIIFabric backed.4. Mat
12、erials and Manufacture4.1 The sheet shall be formulated from EPDM polymers andother compounding ingredients. EPDM shall be the principal1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.18on Nonbitumin
13、ous Organic Roof Coverings.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4637 08. DOI:10.1520/D4637_D4637M-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se
14、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
15、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.polymer used in the sheet and shall be greater than 95 % of thetotal polymer content.4.2 To make seams and repairs, the sheet shall be capable ofbeing bonded watertight to itself and the supplier or fabricatorshall recommend suitable methods.5. Physical Prop
16、erties and Tolerances5.1 The sheet shall conform to the physical requirementsprescribed in Table 1.5.2 The tolerance for time conditions (aging, weathering,and so forth) is 615 min or 61 % of the period; whichever isgreater, unless otherwise specified.5.3 Tolerances for temperature shall be 62C 64F.
17、6. Dimensions6.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier.6.1.1 The width and length tolerance shall be +3 %, 0 %.6.2 The thickness tolerance shall be +15 %, 10 % of thethickness agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier, butin no case shall t
18、he thickness be less than the minimum listedin Table 1.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The sheet, including the full width of factory seams ifpresent, shall be fully adhered, watertight, and visibly free ofpinholes, particles of foreign matter, undispersed raw material,or other manufacturi
19、ng defects that might affect serviceability.If the number of irregularities in the form of pockmarks (seeNote 1) appear excessive on the sheet (or portion thereof), thenits rejection shall be negotiated between involved parties.7.2 Edges of the sheets shall be straight and flat so that theymay be se
20、amed to one another without fishmouthing.NOTE 1Pockmarks are oblong depressions, cavities, or craters on thesurface of the sheet that have an approximate surface dimension of 3.2 by1.6 mm 18 by116 in., and have a maximum depth approaching one halfof the sheet thickness.8. Test Methods8.1 DimensionsT
21、est Methods D751, after permitting thesheet to relax at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F for 1 h 6 15 min.8.2 Thickness, Sheet OverallFrom across the full width ofthe unbuffed sheet, take three samples, 300 by 300 mm 1 by1 ft. Measure the thickness of each corner. On fabric backed(Type III) the coating thickness c
22、an be measured after cuttingor buffing fabric from the rubber. Refer to Test Method D412for Type I sheet and Test Method D751 for Type II and Type IIIsheet.8.3 Thickness of Coating Over Scrim (ReinforcingFabric)Optical Method, see Annex A1.8.4 Breaking StrengthTest Methods D751, Grab Method.8.5 Tens
23、ile StrengthTest Methods D412, Die C.8.6 Dynamic Puncture ResistanceTest Method D5635,atan energy of 5 J min at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F for Type I andan energy of 10 J min for Type II.8.7 Static Puncture ResistanceTest Method D5602,ataload of 20 kg 44.1 lbf min for Type I and a load of 25 kg 55.1lbf min f
24、or Type II at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F.8.8 Elongation, UltimateTest Methods D412, Die C.8.9 Elongation at Fabric Break, UltimateTest MethodD751, Grab Method, 50 mm 2 in. per minute jaw separationrate.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for EPDM SheetType I II IIIThickness, min, mm in.:Sheet-overall 1.016 0.040 1
25、.016 0.040 .Coating over scrim or fabric . 0.38 0.015 0.76 0.030Breaking strength, min, N lbf . 400 90 400 90Tensile strength, min, MPa psi 9.0 1305 . .Dynamic Puncture Resistance, Type I at 5 J, Type II at at 10 J pass passStatic Puncture Resistance, Type I at 20 kg 44.1 lbf, Type II at25 kg 55.1 l
26、bfpass passElongation, ultimate, min,% 300 250A300AElongation fabric break, ultimate, min, %Machine directionCross direction1515Tensile set, max, % 10 . .Tear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. 26.27 150 . .Tearing strength, min, N lbf . 45 10 45 10Brittleness point, max, C F 45 49 45 49 45 49Ozone resis
27、tance, no cracks pass pass passHeat aging:Breaking strength, min, N lbf . 356 80 356 80Tensile strength, min, MPa psi 8.3 1205 . .Elongation, ultimate, min,% 200 200A200ATear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. 21.9 125 . .Linear dimensional change, max, % 61 61 61Water absorption, max, mass % + 8, 2 + 8,
28、 2A68, 2AFactory seam strength, min, kN/m lbf/in. 8.8 50 or sheet failureWeather resistance:Visual inspection no cracks or crazing no cracks or crazing no cracks or crazingPRFSE, min, % 30 . .Elongation, ultimate, min, % 200 . .Fabric adhesion, min, N/m lbf/in. . . 525 3ASpecimens to be prepared fro
29、m coating rubber compound, vulcanized in a similar method to the reinforced products.D4637/D4637M 1028.10 Tensile SetTest Methods D412, Method A, Die C,50 % elongation.8.11 Tear ResistanceTest Method D624, Die C.8.12 Tearing StrengthTest Methods D751, B-TongueTear.8.13 Brittleness PointTest Methods
30、D2137.8.14 Ozone ResistanceTest Method D1149. Inspect at 73magnification on specimens exposed to 100 mPa 1 3 105psi ozone in air at 40 6 2C 104 6 4F. Elongate Type Ispecimens 50 % for 166 6 1.66 h exposure. Type II and TypeIII specimens must be wrapped around a 75 mm 3 in.diameter mandrel for 166 6
31、1.66 h exposure. The requiredspecimen width is 25 mm 1 in.8.15 Heat AgingTest Method D573. Age black sheet at116 6 2C 240 6 4F for 670 6 6.7 h and non-black sheetfor 166 6 1.66 h. Specimens are then cut from the aged sheetfor testing of tensile strength, elongation, and so forth.8.16 Linear Dimensio
32、nal ChangeTest Method D1204.8.17 Water AbsorptionTest Method D471,at706 2C158 6 4F for 166 6 1.66 h.8.18 Factory Seam StrengthMethods D816, Method B.Modify procedure by cutting a 25-mm 1-in. wide by 300-mm12-in. long sample across the lap seam. Place in jawsapproximately 50 mm 2 in. from edges of th
33、e overlap areaand test at 50 mm 2 in./min.8.19 Fabric AdhesionTest Method D413. Perform test onstrip specimen-Type A, using 180 peel.8.20 Weather ResistanceAccelerated weathering testsshall be performed in accordance with Practices G151 andG155. These tests are performed on the intact sheet with the
34、weathering side facing the lamps. Mount specimens for expo-sure under no strain. After exposure the specimens shall beremoved and inspected immediately for cracks and crazing at10 % strain in the bent loop configuration in accordance withTest Method D518 under 73 magnification. A specimen israted “p
35、ass” if no cracks or crazing are observed. In addition,for Type I sheet, determine tensile strength and ultimateelongation after weather exposure. Calculate the specimenpercent retained fractional strain energy (PRFSE):PRFSE 5Tensile Strength 3 Elongation! agedTensile Strength 3 Elongation! original
36、3 1008.21 Weather ResistancePractices G151 and G155Xenon-Arc shall be operated in accordance with the followingconditions:Filter Type Daylight filterIrradiance 0.35 to 0.70 W/(m2nm) at 340 nm. The maximumallowable operational fluctuation of the irradiancesetting is 60.02 W/(m2 nm).(42to84W/m2at 300
37、to 400 nm. The maximumallowable operational fluctuation of theirradiance setting is 62.5 W/m2.)Cycle 690 6 15 min light, 30 min light,plus water spray on the front surface.UninsulatedBlack PanelTemperature80C 176F during the dry period. The maximumallowable operational fluctuation is 62.5C 65F.Chamb
38、er AirTemperature(where appli-cable)50C. The maximum allowable operational fluctuationis 62C.RelativeHumidity50 %. The maximum allowable operational fluctuationis 65%.Spray Water Refer to Practice G155, Section 6.6.1.SpecimenReposit-ioning(if required)Refer to Practice G155, Section 9.5. Every 315 K
39、J/(m2 nm) at 340 nm (37.8 MJ/m2at 300 to 400 nm.).ExposuredurationWhite2520 KJ/(m2nm) at 340 nm (302.4 MJ/m2at300 to 400 nm.)Black5040 KJ/(m2nm) at 340 nm (604.8 MJ/m2at300 to 400 nm.)NOTE 2If the operational fluctuations are greater than the maximumallowable after the equipment has stabilized, disc
40、ontinue the test andcorrect the cause of the problem before continuing.9. Inspection and Special Testing9.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and test production toensure compliance of the product with this specification.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to conform to any one of the requirement
41、sprescribed in this specification shall constitute grounds forrejection. Rejection shall be reported to the producer orsupplier promptly and in writing. The seller shall have the rightto reinspect the rejected shipment and resubmit the lot afterremoval of those packages not conforming to the specifi
42、edrequirements.11. Product Marking11.1 The sheet shall be identified on the side intended to beexposed to the weather with this ASTM designation number(Specification D4637) and ASTM type, the name of themanufacturer or supplier, or the generic sheet type. The typeand size of the identification is at
43、 the manufacturers option.Such identification shall occur at intervals not to exceed 4 m13 ft in the long direction of the sheet and not be located nearan intended seam area. The identification shall be applied insuch a manner as to be legible at least five years frominstallation. Identification sha
44、ll not be required when so speci-fied by the purchaser.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 The material shall be rolled on a substantial core andpackaged in a standard commercial manner, unless otherwisespecified in the contract or order.12.2 Shipping containers shall be marked with the name ofthe
45、 material, the stock and lot numbers, the ASTM designationnumber and type, the size and quantity as defined by thecontract or order under which shipment is made and the nameof the manufacturer or supplier.13. Keywords13.1 EPDM; roofing; rubber sheet; single-ply membrane;vulcanized rubberD4637/D4637M
46、 103ANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. OPTICAL METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF THICKNESS OF COATING OVER SCRIM (REINFORCING FABRIC)FOR TYPE II SHEETA1.1 ScopeThis is a method for measuring the thicknessof the coating over the reinforcing fabric.A1.2 Measurement Method PrincipleThe thickness ofcoating mater
47、ial over reinforcing fabric can be observed with astandard reflectance microscope. Measurement is made with acalibrated eyepiece.A1.3 Apparatus:A1.3.1 Microscope,603 with reticle.A1.3.2 Light SourceIf light source on the microscope isnot adequate, a small tensor lamp can also be used.A1.3.3 Stage Mi
48、crometer, 0.0254-mm 0.001-in. divisions.A1.4 Procedure:A1.4.1 Calibration:A1.4.1.1 Place a standard reflectance stage micrometer inplace of the specimen.A1.4.1.2 Turn on microscope light source.A1.4.1.3 Position the reticle eyepiece and the micrometersuch that the scales are superimposed. Focus the
49、reticle byturning the eyepiece. Focus the specimen and reticle by turningthe vertical adjustment knob.A1.4.1.4 Locate a point at which both scales line up. Countthe number of micrometer divisions away. Measure to thenearest 0.0125 mm 0.5 mil. The calibration may be optimizedin increasing the number of divisions measured.A1.4.1.5 Repeat the calibration three times and average theresul
