1、Designation: D4637/D4637M 141Standard Specification forEPDM Sheet Used In Single-Ply Roof Membrane1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4637/D4637M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1NOTEEditorially corrected Table 1 in July 2014.1.
3、 Scope1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made fromethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) intended for usein single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. Thetests and property limits used to characterize the sheet arevalues to ensure minimum quality for the intended use. Theshee
4、t may be non-reinforced, fabric- or scrim-reinforced, orfabric-backed vulcanized rubber sheet.1.2 In-place roof system design criteria, such as fireresistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, anduplift resistance, among others, are factors that must beconsidered but are beyond the sc
5、ope of this specification.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may resu
6、lt in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safet
7、y and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD413 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyAdhesion to Flex-ible SubstrateD471 Test Method f
8、or Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceCracking (Withdrawn 2007)3D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD81
9、6 Test Methods for Rubber CementsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Pointof Flexible Po
10、lymers and Coated FabricsD5602 Test Method for Static Puncture Resistance of Roof-ing Membrane SpecimensD5635 Test Method for Dynamic Puncture Resistance ofRoofing Membrane SpecimensD6382 Practice for Dynamic MechanicalAnalysis and Ther-mogravimetry of Roofing and Waterproofing MembraneMaterialD7635
11、/D7635M Test Method for Measurement of Thicknessof Coatings Over Fabric ReinforcementG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Classificat
12、ion3.1 Types describe the sheet construction:3.1.1 Type INon-reinforced.3.1.2 Type IIScrim (or fabric) internally reinforced.3.1.3 Type IIIFabric backed.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D0
13、8.18on Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4637/D4637M 13.DOI: 10.1520/D4637_D4637M-14E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
14、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
15、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The sheet shall be formulated from EPDM polymers andother compounding ingredients. EPDM shall be the principalpolymer used in the sheet and shall be greater than 95 % of thetotal polymer content.4.2 To make sea
16、ms and repairs, the sheet shall be capable ofbeing bonded watertight to itself and the supplier or fabricatorshall recommend suitable methods.5. Physical Properties and Tolerances5.1 The sheet shall conform to the physical requirementsprescribed in Table 1.5.2 The tolerance for time conditions (agin
17、g, weathering,and so forth) is 615 min or 61 % of the period; whichever isgreater, unless otherwise specified.5.3 Tolerances for temperature shall be 62C 64F.6. Dimensions6.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier.6.1.1 The width and length toler
18、ance shall be +3 %, 0 %.6.2 The thickness tolerance shall be +15 %, 10 % of thethickness agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier, butin no case shall the thickness be less than the minimum listedin Table 1.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The sheet, including the full width of factor
19、y seams ifpresent, shall be fully adhered, watertight, and visibly free ofpinholes, particles of foreign matter, undispersed raw material,or other manufacturing defects that might affect serviceability.If the number of irregularities in the form of pockmarks (seeNote 1) appear excessive on the sheet
20、 (or portion thereof), thenits rejection shall be negotiated between involved parties.7.2 Edges of the sheets shall be straight and flat so that theymay be seamed to one another without fishmouthing.NOTE 1Pockmarks are oblong depressions, cavities, or craters on thesurface of the sheet that have an
21、approximate surface dimension of 3.2 by1.6 mm 18 by116 in., and have a maximum depth approaching one halfof the sheet thickness.8. Test Methods8.1 DimensionsTest Methods D751, after permitting thesheet to relax at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F for 1 h 6 15 min.8.2 Thickness, Sheet OverallFrom across the full wi
22、dth ofthe unbuffed sheet, take three samples, 300 by 300 mm 1 by1 ft. Measure the thickness of each corner. On fabric backed(Type III) the coating thickness can be measured after cuttingor buffing fabric from the rubber. Refer to Test Method D412for Type I sheet and Test Method D751 for Type II and
23、Type IIIsheet.8.3 Thickness of Coating Over Scrim (ReinforcingFabric)Follow preparation procedures as specified in TestMethod D7635/D7635M. The thickness measurements shall beconducted as described in the test method on the coating on theside intended to be exposed to the weather.8.4 Breaking Streng
24、thTest Methods D751, Grab Method.8.5 Tensile StrengthTest Methods D412, Die C.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for EPDM SheetType I II IIIThickness, min, mm in.:Sheet-overall 1.016 0.040 1.016 0.040 .Coating over scrim or fabric . 0.38 0.015 0.76 0.030Breaking strength, min, N lbf . 400 90 400 90Tensil
25、e strength, min, MPa psi 9.0 1305 . .Dynamic Puncture Resistance, Type I at 5 J, Type II at at 10 J pass passStatic Puncture Resistance, Type I at 20 kg 44.1 lbf, Type II at25 kg 55.1 lbfpass passElongation, ultimate, min,% 300 250A300AElongation fabric break, ultimate, min, %Machine directionCross
26、direction1515Tensile set, max, % 10 . .Tear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. 26.27 150 . .Tearing strength, min, N lbf . 45 10 45 10Brittleness point, max, C F 45 49 45 49 45 49Ozone resistance, no cracks pass pass passHeat aging:Breaking strength, min, N lbf . 356 80 356 80Tensile strength, min, MPa p
27、si 8.3 1205 . .Elongation, ultimate, min,% 200 200A200ATear resistance, min, kN/m lbf/in. 21.9 125 . .Linear dimensional change, max, % 1 1 1Water absorption, max, mass % + 8, 2 + 8, 2A+8,2AFactory seam strength, min, kN/m lbf/in. 8.8 50 or sheet failureWeather resistance:Visual inspection no cracks
28、 or crazing no cracks or crazing no cracks or crazingPRFSE, min, % 30 . .Elongation, ultimate, min, % 200 . .Fabric adhesion, min, N/m lbf/in. . . 525 3Editorially corrected.ASpecimens to be prepared from coating rubber compound, vulcanized in a similar method to the reinforced products.D4637/D4637M
29、 14128.6 Dynamic Puncture ResistanceTest Method D5635,atan energy of 5 J min at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F for Type I andan energy of 10 J min for Type II.8.7 Static Puncture ResistanceTest Method D5602,ataload of 20 kg 44.1 lbf min forType I and a load of 25 kg 55.1lbf min for Type II at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 4F.8
30、.8 Elongation, UltimateTest Methods D412, Die C.8.9 Elongation at Fabric Break, UltimateTest MethodD751, Grab Method, 50 mm 2 in. per minute jaw separationrate.8.10 Tensile SetTest Methods D412, Method A, Die C,50 % elongation.8.11 Tear ResistanceTest Method D624, Die C.8.12 Tearing StrengthTest Met
31、hods D751, B-Tongue Tear.8.13 Brittleness PointTest Methods D2137.8.14 Ozone ResistanceTest Method D1149. Inspect at 7magnification on specimens exposed to 100 mPa 1 105psiozone in air at 40 6 2C 104 6 4F. Elongate Type Ispecimens 50 % for 166 6 1.66 h exposure. Type II and TypeIII specimens must be
32、 wrapped around a 75 mm 3 in.diameter mandrel for 166 6 1.66 h exposure. The requiredspecimen width is 25 mm 1 in.8.15 Dark Oven Heat ExposureTest Method D573. Ex-pose black sheet to dark oven heat at 116 6 2C 240 6 4Ffor 670 6 6.7 h and white sheet for 166 6 1.66 h. Sample thathas been exposed to d
33、ark oven heat is then used for testing ofbreaking strength, tensile strength, elongation, tear resistance,and linear dimensional change. (Linear dimensional changetests sample before and after exposure to dark oven heat.)8.15.1 Breaking StrengthTest Method D751, GrabMethod.8.15.2 Tensile StrengthTes
34、t Method D412, Die C.8.15.3 Elongation, UltimateTest Method D412, Die C.8.15.4 Tear ResistanceTest Method D624, Die C.8.15.5 Linear Dimensional ChangeTest Method D1204.8.16 Water AbsorptionTest Method D471,at706 2C158 6 4F for 166 6 1.66 h.8.17 Factory Seam StrengthMethods D816, Method B.Modify proc
35、edure by cutting a 25-mm 1-in. wide by 300-mm12-in. long sample across the lap seam. Place in jawsapproximately 50 mm 2 in. from edges of the overlap areaand test at 50 mm 2 in./min.8.18 Fabric AdhesionTest Method D413. Perform test onstrip specimen-Type A, using 180 peel.8.19 Weather ResistanceAcce
36、lerated weathering testsshall be performed in accordance with Practices G151 andG155. These tests are performed on the intact sheet with theweathering side facing the lamps. Mount specimens for expo-sure under no strain. After exposure the specimens shall beremoved and inspected immediately for crac
37、ks and crazing at10 % strain in the bent loop configuration in accordance withTest Method D518 under 7 magnification.Aspecimen is rated“pass” if no cracks or crazing are observed. In addition, forType I sheet, determine tensile strength and ultimate elongationafter weather exposure. Calculate the sp
38、ecimen percent re-tained fractional strain energy (PRFSE):PRFSE 5Tensile Strength 3Elongation! agedTensile Strength 3Elongation! original31008.20 Weather ResistancePractices G151 and G155Xenon-Arc shall be operated in accordance with the followingconditions:Filter Type Daylight filterIrradiance 0.35
39、 to 0.70 W/(m2nm) at340 nm. The maximumallowable operationalfluctuation of the irradiancesetting is 0.02 W/(m2 nm).(42to84W/m2at 300 to 400nm. The maximumallowable operationalfluctuation of theirradiance setting is 2.5W/m2.)Cycle 690 15 min light, 30 min light,plus water spray on the frontsurface.Un
40、insulatedBlack PanelTemperature80C 176F during the dryperiod. The maximumallowable operationalfluctuation is 2.5C 5F.Chamber AirTemperature(where applicable)50C. The maximum allowableoperational fluctuation is2C.RelativeHumidity50 %. The maximum allowableoperational fluctuation is5 %.Spray Water Ref
41、er to Practice G155, Section6.6.1.SpecimenReposit-ioning(if required)Refer to Practice G155, Section9.5.Every 315 KJ/(m2 nm) at 340nm (37.8 MJ/m2at300 to 400 nm.).ExposuredurationWhite2520 KJ/(m2nm) at 340nm (302.4 MJ/m2at300 to 400 nm.)Black5040 KJ/(m2nm) at 340nm (604.8 MJ/m2at300 to 400 nm.)NOTE
42、2If the operational fluctuations are greater than the maximumallowable after the equipment has stabilized, discontinue the test andcorrect the cause of the problem before continuing.9. Inspection and Special Testing9.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and test production toensure compliance of the pro
43、duct with this specification.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to conform to any one of the requirementsprescribed in this specification shall constitute grounds forrejection. Rejection shall be reported to the producer orsupplier promptly and in writing. The seller shall have the rightto re
44、inspect the rejected shipment and resubmit the lot afterremoval of those packages not conforming to the specifiedrequirements.D4637/D4637M 141311. Product Marking11.1 The sheet shall be identified on the side intended to beexposed to the weather with this ASTM designation number(Specification D4637/
45、D4637M) and ASTM type, the name ofthe manufacturer or supplier, or the generic sheet type. Thetype and size of the identification is at the manufacturersoption. Such identification shall occur at intervals not to exceed4 m 13 ft in the long direction of the sheet and not be locatednear an intended s
46、eam area. The identification shall be appliedin such a manner as to be legible at least five years frominstallation. Identification shall not be required when so speci-fied by the purchaser.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 The material shall be rolled on a substantial core andpackaged in a stan
47、dard commercial manner, unless otherwisespecified in the contract or order.12.2 Shipping containers shall be marked with the name ofthe material, the stock and lot numbers, the ASTM designationnumber and type, the size and quantity as defined by thecontract or order under which shipment is made and
48、the nameof the manufacturer or supplier.13. Keywords13.1 EPDM; roofing; rubber sheet; single-ply membrane;vulcanized rubberANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. PROCEDURE TO MEASURE THE GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE (Tg) BY DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSISA1.1 Follow the test procedure, test conditions, and tes
49、treporting specified in Practice D6382 (Sections 6, 7, and 8).A1.2 Report data for EPDM sample prior to heat aging (asspecified in ASTM D4637, Section 8.15 on Heat Aging) andafter heat-aging (as specified inASTM D4637, Section 8.15 onHeat Aging).ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item men
