1、Designation: D4869/D4869M 05 (Reapproved 2011)1D4869/D4869M 15Standard Specification forAsphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in SteepSlope Roofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4869/D4869M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of origi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEUnits information was editorially revised in July 2011.1. Scope1.1 Thi
3、s specification covers asphalt-saturated organic felt for use as an underlayment with steep slope roofing.1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide a finished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling, puckering, andshrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain, frost, or dew for a
4、period of two weeks after application.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo sy
5、stems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t
6、he user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)D146 Test Methods for Sampl
7、ing and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing and WaterproofingD228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, andAnalysis ofAsphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing andWaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1922 Test Method for Pr
8、opagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD6136 Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated (Dry) Felt by Vacuum MethodF1087 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Stability of a Gasket Material to Moisture3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used
9、in this specification, refer to Terminology D1079.4. Classification4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification are of four types:4.1.1 Type I#8 Underlayment,4.1.2 Type II#13 Underlayment,4.1.3 Type III#20 Underlayment, and4.1.4 Type IV#26 Underlayment.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 In
10、 the process of manufacture, a single thickness of organic dry felt shall be uniformly saturated with an asphaltic saturant.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on SteepRoofing Produc
11、ts and Assemblies.Current edition approved July 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2015. Published July 2011February 2015. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 asD4869 05 (2011)1. DOI: 10.1520/D4869_D4869M-05R11E01.10.1520/D4869_D4869M-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM
12、website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indic
13、ation of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be co
14、nsidered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The felt shall be produced principally from organic fibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relatively smooth.Upon splitting or tearing on
15、 the bias, the felt shall appear free of lumps or particles of foreign substances.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirements in accordance with Table 1 and the dimensions and masses inaccordance with Table 2.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so
16、sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at temperaturesbetween 0 and 60C 32 and 140F.6.3 The finished product shall pass the water shower exposure test in accordance with 8.38.6, indicating resistance to liquidwater transmission.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The fe
17、lt shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated, and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting 50-mm2-in. wide strips at random across the entire sheet and splitting them open for their full length.7.2 The saturated felt may be surfaced lightly on one side with talc or other finely co
18、mminuted mineral material to preventsticking in the roll.7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible external defects, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears,protuberances, and indentations.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test Metho
19、d D146 and determine the properties enumerated in this specification inaccordance with Test Methods D146, D228, D1922, D6136, and F1087 as specified below.8.2 Determine the saturation percent of the felt in accordance with Test Method D146, Section 19 (Bituminous Saturant), andthe saturating efficie
20、ncy of the desaturated (dry) felt by the following method:8.2.1 Calculate the percent of asphalt saturation by dividing the mass of the asphalt saturant by the mass of the desaturated (dry)felt and multiply the result by 100.8.2.2 Determine the kerosine number of the desaturated (dry) felt in accord
21、ance with Test Method D6136.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsType I Type II Type III Type IVTear strength, 23 2C 73 4F min, N lbf(both cross and with direction of sheet)2.00.452.00.454.00.904.00.90Pliability at 23 2C 73 4F. Ten stripstested shall not crack when bent 90 at auniform speed over a rounded c
22、orner ofradius in table for each type.12.7 mm0.50 in.12.7 mm0.50 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.Loss on heating at 105C 221F for 5 h max, % 6 6 6 6Liquid water transmission test Pass Pass Pass PassBreaking strength at 23 2C 73 4F, kN/mlbf/in., min MD and CD5.3 302.6 155.3 302.6 157.0 403.5 207.0 4
23、03.5 20Dimensional stability, max, %(MD and CD, from Low Humidity to High Humidity)2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsType I Type II Type III Type IVTear strength, 23 2C 73 4F min, N lbf(both cross and with direction of sheet)2.00.452.00.454.00.904.00.90Pliability at 23 2C 73 4F. Ten st
24、ripstested shall not crack when bent 90 at auniform speed over a rounded corner ofradius in table for each type.12.7 mm0.50 in.12.7 mm0.50 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.Loss on heating at 105C 221F for 5 h max, % 6 6 6 6Liquid water transmission test Pass Pass Pass PassMD breaking strength at 23
25、2C 73 4F,kN/m lbf/in., min5.3 30 5.3 30 7.0 40 7.0 40CD breaking strength at 23 2C 73 4F,kN/m lbf/in., min2.6 15 2.6 15 3.5 20 3.5 20Dimensional stability, max, %(MD and CD,A from Low Humidity to High Humidity)2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75AMD is Machine Direction and CD is Cross Machine Direction.D4869/D4869M
26、 1528.2.3 CalcuttaCalculate the saturation efficiency of the felt by dividing the percent saturation of the asphalt saturated felt by thekerosine number times the specific gravity of the saturant and multiply the result by 100. A suitable method for determining thespecific gravity of the bitumen is
27、Test Method D70.8.2.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuring kerosine value are as specified in Test Method D6136, Section 12(Precision and Bias).8.3 Determine the tear strength according to Test Method D1922 modified to use rectangular samples that measure 76 by 63mm 3 by 2.5 in. 6 3 %
28、. Condition specimens at 23 6 2C 73 6 4F for at least 2 h prior to testing and conduct tests at 236 2C 73 6 4F. Use an Elmendorf Tear Strength Tester with a 1600 g full scale capacity.8.4 Determine the pliability in accordance with Test Method D146, Section 14.8.5 Determine the loss on heating of fe
29、lt in accordance with Test Method D146, Section 15.8.6 Determine the resistance to liquid water transmission by the following test method:8.6.1 ScopeThe purpose of this test method is to indicate the resistance of the material to transmission of liquid water andvisible deterioration by observation o
30、f the material after a water shower is impinged for 4 h on an inclined plane typical of thelowest acceptable steep slope roof deck.8.6.2 Significance and UseThis test method measures the ability of the underlayment to resist the transmission of liquid waterand visible deterioration by the action of
31、water and, hence, function as intended. A function of underlayment is to providesecondary protection to the deck and underlying structure by shielding these components from rain water that may be driven underthe shingles by wind. Knowledge of the resistance of underlayment to liquid water transmissi
32、on is important to the assessment ofits suitability for use as a secondary protective layer beneath any steep slope roofing.8.6.3 ApparatusThe water exposure tester consists of the following components (see Fig. 1):8.6.3.1 One Head, mounted above sink. The head should be capable of providing a heavy
33、 shower as described below.8.6.3.2 Cold, 5 to 27C 40 to 80F, Tap Water supply to the shower and appropriate sink and drain to collect water run off.8.6.3.3 Stopwatch, 20-L 5-gal pail, and volumetric measuring vessel.8.6.3.4 Plywood, 38-in., 380 by 760 mm 15 by 30 in., for test specimen support.8.6.4
34、 Procedure:8.6.4.1 Mount each single thickness sheet specimen on a plywood board by overlapping and folding over all edges and staplingthe specimen on the back of the board. Take care to ensure that the staples do not protrude at the front surface of the plywood boardso as not to puncture the test s
35、pecimen.8.6.4.2 After sample preparation, condition the board at 21 to 27C 70 to 80F and 30 to 55 % relative humidity for 24 h beforetesting.8.6.4.3 Position the test board in the sink at a 14 incline with the shower head directly overhead and 460 mm 18 in. abovethe center of the test board. The sho
36、wer should impinge an area of approximately 250 to 300 mm 10 to 12 in. in diameter.8.6.4.4 Open the water supply to the shower head and adjust the flow regulator to provide a flow of 42 to 44 cm3/s 40 to 42gal/h. Calibrate the volume of water by collecting the shower output in a 20-L 5-gal pail for
37、1 min and then measure in ameasuring vessel. Run the water shower for 4 h.8.6.4.5 At the end of the test period, shut off the water supply and wipe the surface and edges of the test board free of excessdripping water.8.6.4.6 Using a sharp knife, carefully cut the three edges of the specimen on the b
38、oard to avoid accidental wetting of the backsurface of the test specimen. Then turn over the specimen and inspect for any sign of wetness on the underside. Also inspect thetop of the plywood board for wetness. Inspect the specimen for any visible signs of deterioration by the action of water.8.6.4.7
39、 Test two specimens from each roll of product as above to determine compliance with this test requirement.8.6.5 ResultsLiquid water transmission, the lack of transmission, or evidence of visible deterioration in this test is expressedas follows:TABLE 2 Dimensions and MassesType I Type II Type III Ty
40、pe IVWidth of the roll, mm in.A 914 36 0.7 % 914 36 0.7 % 914 36 0.7 % 914 36 0.7 %Area of the roll, m2 ft 2,A min 40.13 432 40.13 432 20.07 216 20.07 216Net mass of saturated felt, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min390 8.0 635 13.0 976 20 1270 26Net mass of saturant, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min195 4.0 293 6.0 615 12.6 73
41、2 15.0Net mass of desaturated felt, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min195 4.0 244 5.0 439 9.0 488 10.0Saturation, % by wt., min 100 120 140 150Moisture, % by wt.B , min 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Saturating efficiency, % by wt., min 75.0 70.0 70.0 70.0A Other areas and widths can be provided as agreed upon by purchaser and se
42、ller.B At time of manufacture.D4869/D4869M 153P No sign of any liquid water wetnessA on either specimen underside or topS of plywood support or visibleS deterioration of the specimen.F Any sign of liquid water wetness onA either specimen underside or top ofI plywood support or visibleL deterioration
43、 of the specimen.8.6.6 Precision and BiasNo statement is made about either the precision or bias of this test method for measuring resistanceto liquid water transmission since the result merely states whether there is conformance to the criteria for success as specified inthe procedure.8.7 Determine
44、 the breaking strength in accordance with Test Method D146, Section 13 for Strength.8.8 Testing of the material for Dimensional Stability shall be done in accordance with Test Method F1087 except as modifiedhere.8.8.1 Three specimens should be dried per Section 7 of Test Method F1087 for Dimensional
45、 Stability to Low Humidity. Recordthe length and width of the specimens after drying and record as the bone-dry length dimension initial readings of the specimens.8.8.2 The specimens are then tested according to 7.3 of Test Method F1087 for Dimensional Stability to High Humidity.Measure the samples
46、in the same place as previously measured for dry specimens and record as final readings.8.8.3 Report the results as percent dimensional change from low humidity (dry) measurements to high humidity measurementscalculated using the following equation:8.8.3.1 Low humidity to high humidity:L%5Lh 2LlLl31
47、00FIG. 1 Water Shower Exposure Test for UnderlaymentD4869/D4869M 154where:Ll = low humidity (dry) length of sample,Lh = high humidity length of sample, andL% = the percent change in length from low to high humidity.8.8.4 Calculate and report the average percent change in length of the three individu
48、al specimens. The change reported is thechange from low humidity (dry) to high humidity measurements.9. Inspection9.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier as a part of the purchasecontract.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to conform
49、to any of the requirements prescribed in this specification shall constitute grounds for rejection. In caseof rejection, the seller shall have the right to reinspect the rejected material and resubmit the lot after removal of those packagesnot conforming to the requirements.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 The rolls shall be securel
