1、Designation: D 4873 02 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forIdentification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rollsand Samples1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides guidelines for the identification andpackaging of rolled geosynthetics by the ma
3、nufacturer and forthe handling and storage of geosynthetics by the end user. Thisguide is not to be considered as all encompassing since eachproject involving geosynthetics presents its own challenges andspecial conditions. Geosynthetic samples are often taken atmanufacturer, supplier, or at the job
4、 site primarily for thepurpose of conformance testing and verification. Thesesamples should be properly labeled for identification purposes.1.2 This guide is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers,purchasers, and users of geosynthetics for identification, han-dling, and storage.1.3 This guide is n
5、ot applicable for factory fabricated panelsdue to a different set of identifications for the panel by thefabricator.1.4 This guide is also applicable to geosynthetic samples.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconve
6、rsions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practice
7、s and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for TestingD 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 geosynthetic, na
8、 planar product manufactured frompolymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or any othergeotechnical engineering related material as an integral part ofa man-made project, structure, or system.3.1.2 geotextile, na permeable geosynthetic comprisedsolely of textiles.3.1.3 For definitions of other
9、 geosynthetic terms, refer toTerminology D 4439.3.1.4 For definitions of textile terms, refer to TerminologyD 123.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 core, na mandrel of cardboard, foam or othermaterial on which geosynthetics are rolled during manufactur-ing to facilitate handli
10、ng.3.2.2 supplier, nthe person or organization from whom ageosynthetic is purchased or otherwise obtained.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe supplier is frequently the manu-facturer of the geosynthetic, but need not be. A supplier who isnot the manufacturer is expected to ensure that the responsi-bilities of the
11、 manufacturer are fully met.3.2.3 sample, n(1) a portion of material which is taken fortesting or for record purposes. (see also sample, lot; sample,laboratory; and specimen.) (2) a group of specimens used, or ofobservations made, which provide information that can be usedfor making statistical infe
12、rences about the population(s) fromwhich the specimens are drawn.4. Significance and Use4.1 For a geosynthetic to be properly used it must beadequately identified and packaged. It must be handled andstored in such a way that its physical property values are notdegraded. Failure to follow good practi
13、ce may result in theunnecessary failure of the geosynthetic in a properly designedapplication.4.2 This guide is not intended to replace project-specificstorage, handling, identification, packaging, or installationrequirements or quality assurance programs.5. Procedure5.1 Packaging and Identification
14、:5.1.1 When cores are required, use those that have acrushing strength sufficient to avoid collapse or other damagein normal use.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Properties.Current edition
15、approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4873 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, r
16、efer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.2 For geotextiles and geotextile composites, cover eachroll with a wrapping material for protection from damage dueto
17、shipment, water, sunlight, or contaminants while beingstored or handled in accordance with this guide.5.1.3 Identify each roll with a durable, gummed label, orequivalent, either clearly readable on the roll packaging, on theouter wrap when no packaging is required, or on the inside ofthe core. Roll
18、identification should include, at minimum, thename of the manufacturer or supplier, product or style number,and the unique roll number. Identification should also includethe width and length of the geosynthetic roll. Any other uniquecharacteristics should be clearly identified. For rolls with noiden
19、tification on the inside of the core, once the roll isunwrapped or samples taken, labels on the outer wrap or theroll packaging should be removed and placed inside the roll fortraceability. All designations should be readable for clearidentification.NOTE 1Rolls bundled or strapped as a single unit c
20、ould be regardedas a single roll for identification purposes provided all the rolls remain asa single unit received by the end user.5.2 Receiving and Storing at the Job Site:5.2.1 While unloading or transferring the geosynthetic fromone location to another, prevent damage to the wrapping and tothe g
21、eosynthetic itself. If practicable, use fork lift trucks fittedwith poles that can be inserted into the cores of rolls. Be surethat the poles are at least two thirds the length of the rolls toavoid breaking the cores and possibly damaging the geosyn-thetic. Slings may be used to carry relatively rig
22、id rolls ofgeosynthetics, such as geonets or geomembranes, provided thatthe slings do not cause damage to the rolls. Do not drag therolls as damage may result.5.2.2 Geosynthetics, when possible, should be stored whileelevated off of the ground and covered to ensure adequateprotection from the follow
23、ing:5.2.2.1 Precipitation (becauses geotextile roll goods satura-tion leads to handling difficulties),5.2.2.2 Ultraviolet radiation,5.2.2.3 Undesirable chemicals for any extended period oftime,5.2.2.4 Flames, including welding sparks,5.2.2.5 Temperatures in excess of 71C (160F) and below0C (32F) (se
24、e Note 2), and5.2.2.6 Any other environmental condition that may damagethe physical property values of the geosynthetic.NOTE 2Geotextiles may contain enough moisture to cause them tostiffen when frozen which interferes with placement.5.3 On-Site Handling:5.3.1 While transferring geosynthetics from o
25、ne location toanother, prevent damage to the wrapping and to the geosyn-thetic itself. Follow the cautions specified in 5.2.1.5.3.2 Before unrolling a roll of geosynthetic at the job site,verify its identification. While unrolling the geosynthetic,inspect it for damage or defects.5.3.3 Follow all ap
26、plicable site or project specifications andmanufacturers recommendations for handling and installationof geosynthetics.5.3.4 Correct any damage that occurs during storage orinstallation as directed by the project specifications and theengineer in charge of installation.5.4 Sample Identification:5.4.
27、1 If samples are to be taken at job site follow removal ofwrap and identification of roll according to 5.1.3. Outer layerof geosynthetic should be removed before sample is takenfollowing sampling procedures as prescribed in PracticeD 4354. Cut sample according to specified test method(s).5.4.2 Ident
28、ify each sample with a durable, gummed label, orequivalent including at a minimum, the sample designation, thename of the manufacturer or supplier, product or style number,the lot number and/or roll number, location sampled or projectname or project identification number, sampled by, and datesampled
29、. If third party is responsible for sampling, include withthe name, the address and telephone number.5.4.3 Sample should be suitably packaged for shipping toprevent distortion. Sample should be packaged in suitablewrapping material for protection from damage due to shipping,water, sunlight, or conta
30、minants.6. Keywords6.1 geosynthetics; identification; labeling; quality assur-ance; storageASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination
31、 of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdraw
32、n. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your co
33、mments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 4873 02 (2009)2
