1、Designation: D4932/D4932M 89 (Reapproved 2014)1Standard Test Method forFastener Rupture and Tear Resistance of Roofing andWaterproofing Sheets, Roll Roofing, and Shingles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4932/D4932M; the number immediately following the designation indicates they
2、ear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially corrected in January 2014
3、.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the forceneeded to pull a fastener through any type of roofing orwaterproofing ply sheet, roll roofing, or shingle, or to causefastener failure under specified laboratory conditions.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4、are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address a
5、ll of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D226 Specification
6、for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Usedin Roofing and Waterproofing3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The force perpendicular to the fastener shank to tear thesheet or to cause fastener failure is measured with the fastenerhead seated and not seated (tear).3.2 The force parallel to the fastener shank to r
7、upture thesheet or to cause fastener failure is measured with the headseated (rupture, head pull-through).4. Significance and Use4.1 Test values for the resistance of specific ply sheets, rollroofing, or shingles to selected fastener pull-through may assistin the determination of appropriate fastene
8、r spacing. Therelative behavior of different fasteners and fasteners with andwithout caps may be evaluated.4.2 Laboratory data will not permit prediction of fieldperformance, particularly long-term performance, and if all testconditions are not the same, data may not be comparable.5. Apparatus5.1 Te
9、sting MachineUniversal or tensile testing machinewith automatic load recording equipment, capable of cross-head movement at a constant rate of 25.4 mm/min 1.00in./min.5.2 GripsSelf-aligning grips or clamps for holding thefree end of the test specimen and the nailer holding jig withoutslippage during
10、 the test.5.3 Nailer Holding Jig100-mm 4-in. length of cold-formed carbon steel, rectangular structural tubing with outsidenominal dimensions of 102 by 51 mm 4 by 2 in. and 4.8-mm316-in. wall thickness, fabricated as shown in Fig. 1.5.4 Wood Nailers, 33 by 89 13, + 1 by 102 mm 1.5 by3.5 0.5, + 0.05
11、by 4 in. (nominal 2 by 4 in. lumber cut to 4in. length is appropriate). Thirty nailers are required persample.NOTE 1The wood nailers must hold the fastener securely and remainsecure in the nailer holding jig during the test. The 89-mm 3.5-in.dimension is critical for the nailer to be secure in the j
12、ig; the otherdimensions are not critical and may be varied so long as the nailer works.If preferred, the operator may use continuous lengths of nailer stock up to1 m 40 in. long for multiple specimens as opposed to cutting separatenailers for each specimen.6. Sampling and Test Specimens6.1 Cut 15 MD
13、 specimens, 175 by 100 mm 7 by 4 in., inthe machine direction (MD) and another 15 XMD specimens inthe cross-machine direction (XMD) from a representativeportion of the sheet to be tested. If no particular sheet is1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterpro
14、ofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2014. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4932 89 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/D4932_D4932M-89R14E01.2For referenced ASTM standa
15、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
16、19428-2959. United States1specified, use Type 1 asphalt-saturated organic felt conformingto the requirements prescribed in Specification D226.6.2 Thirty fasteners of the type to be tested are required. Ifno particular fastener is specified, use galvanized roofing nailswith a 38-mm 112 in. long 3.6-m
17、m 0.1205-in. diameterstraight shank and a 9.5-mm 38-in. diameter head.7. Conditioning7.1 Condition all specimens and nailers at 20 to 25C 68 to77F and at 50 6 5 % relative humidity for a minimum of 16h prior to testing.8. Procedure8.1 Position each sheet specimen on a broad side of a nailerso that a
18、 100-mm 4-in. side of the sheet specimen is parallelto and 20 6 2 mm 0.75 6 0.125 in. from a 100-mm 4-in.side of the nailer as shown in Fig. 2. Fasten each specimen toits nailer with a fastener centered in the nailer and centeredwith respect to the sheet width.NOTE 2If continuous lengths of nailers
19、up to 1 m 40 in. long areused, the specimens should be positioned side by side on a broad side ofa nailer with a 100-mm 4-in. side 20 6 2 mm 0.75 6 0.125 in. froma long side of the nailer. For each specimen the fastener should be centeredwith respect to the nailer width and sample width. See Fig. 3.
20、8.1.1 In ten of the MD specimens and ten of the XMDspecimens, seat the heads of the nails firmly, but withoutcrushing the sheet.8.1.2 In the remaining five MD and five XMD specimens,set the heads of the fasteners with a 1-mm 0.04-in. gapbetween the top of the sheet and the underside of the fastenerh
21、ead or cap.NOTE 3A 1-mm 0.04-in. thick feeler gauge aids in establishing thegap.8.2 Measure the shank tear resistance on five of the ten MDspecimens with seated fasteners and all five with unseatedfasteners; similarly measure the shank tear resistance on five ofthe ten XMD specimens with seated fast
22、eners and all five withunseated fasteners, as follows:8.2.1 Clamp the tongue on the narrow side of the nailerholding jig in the lower grip of the testing machine, and slidethe nailer into the jig so that the sheet specimens are on thesame side of the jig as the slot, and the long end of thespecimen
23、is on top.8.2.2 Set the grips of the testing machine 152 6 5mm6614 in. apart.8.2.3 Position the nailer in the jig so that the long end of thespecimen can be centered with respect to the upper grip andclamp it into the upper grip. See Fig. 4a.8.2.4 Start the testing machine and move the grips apart a
24、tthe rate of 25.4 mm/min 1.0 in./min.8.2.5 Record the maximum force and the type of failureobserved (shank tear or fastener failure). Reject results if thefastener pulls out of the nailer.8.2.6 Repeat the steps described in 8.2.2 through 8.2.5 untilall 20 specimens have been tested for shank tear re
25、sistance.8.3 Measure the nail head rupture resistance on the remain-ing five MD and five XMD specimens with seated nails asfollows (see Fig. 3):8.3.1 Clamp the tongue on the wide side of the nailerholding jig in the lower grip of the testing machine, and slidethe nailer into the jig so that the shee
26、t specimen is on the sameside of the jig as the slot.NOTE 1Stock wall thickness is 5 mm 316 in.FIG. 1 Nailer Holding Jig, 100 mm 4 in. Long, Cold-Formed Car-bon SteelFIG. 2 Specimens Fastened to Nailer FIG. 3 Multiple Specimens Fastened to Long NailerD4932/D4932M 89 (2014)128.3.2 Set the grips of th
27、e testing machine 152 + 5 mm 6 614 in. apart.8.3.3 Position the nailer in the jig so that the long end of thespecimen is centered with respect to the upper grip and clampit into the upper grip. See Fig. 4b.8.3.4 Start the testing machine and move the grips apart atthe rate of 25.4 mm/min 1.0 in./min
28、.8.3.5 Record the maximum force and the type of failureobserved (nail head rupture of the sheet or fastener failure).Reject results if the fastener pulls out of the nailer.8.3.6 Repeat the steps described in 8.3.2 through 8.3.5 untilall ten specimens have been tested for nail head pull-throughresist
29、ance.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the mean value and an estimate of the standarddeviation for each condition as follows:X 5(x5and S 5(x242(x!220(1)where:X = mean tear or rupture resistance,x = individual test value, andS = unbiased estimate of the standard deviation.10. Report10.1 Report the followin
30、g:10.1.1 The source and complete description of the sheetsand fasteners tested.10.2 Prepare the following table:Condition N lbf, Mean Standard DeviationTear MDseated fastenerTear MDunseated fastenerTear XMDseated fastenerTear XMDunseated fastenerRupture MDseated fastenerRupture XMDseated fasteners11
31、. Precision and Bias11.1 The following criteria shall be used for the acceptabil-ity of the test results (95 % probability). The value X equals theaverage of two duplicate values required for tear or rupture ofmaterial in the repeatability and reproducibility intervals statedbelow.11.2 Repeatability
32、Duplicate values by the same operatorshall not be considered suspect unless they differ by more thanthe following limits for the stated conditions:Test Condition Repeatability LimitTear MDseated fastener 0.507 XTear MDunseated fastener 0.314XTear XMDseated fastener 0.481XTear XMDunseated fastener 0.
33、314XRupture MDseated fastener 0.413XRupture XMDseated fastener 0.368X11.3 ReproducibilityValues reported by each of twolaboratories, representing the arithmetic average of five deter-minations per test condition, shall not be considered suspectunless they differ by more than the following limits for
34、 thestated conditions:Test Condition Reproducibility LimitTear MDseated fastener 0.634 XTear MDunseated fastener 0.529XTear XMDseated fastener 0.560XTear XMDunseated fastener 0.458XRupture MDseated fastener 0.750XRupture XMDseated fastener 0.555X12. Keywords12.1 fastener rupture; roll roofing; roofi
35、ng membranes;shingles; tear resistanceFIG. 4 Tear and Rupture Configurations at the Start of TestingD4932/D4932M 89 (2014)13ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are exp
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38、 attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United Stat
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