1、Designation: D4985 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forLow Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for HeavyDuty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of SupplementalCoolant Additive (SCA)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4985; the number immediately following the designa
2、tion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by ag
3、encies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for lowsilicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for coolingsystems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at40 to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or whenprediluted glycol base engi
4、ne coolants (50 volume % mini-mum) are used without further dilution, they will functioneffectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing toat least 36.4C (33.5F), and boiling to at least 108C(226F).NOTE 1This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-mance of engine coolants
5、 prepared from new or virgin ingredients. Aseparate specification exists (Specification D6210) for heavy-duty enginecoolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed usedcoolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initialcharg
6、e of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and requireregular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protec-tion in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems,particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design.TheSCAadditions are defined by and are the primary responsibilityo
7、f the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If theyprovide no instructions, follow the SCA suppliers recom-mended instructions.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to add
8、ress all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D512 Test Met
9、hods for Chloride Ion In WaterD516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of EngineCoolantsD1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine CoolantsD1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1122 Test Method for Density or Relative
10、Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants ByTheHydrometerD1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent MethodD1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous EngineCoolantsD1287 Test Method for pH of Engi
11、ne Coolants andAntirustsD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolantsin GlasswareD1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of EngineCoolants in GlasswareD1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System ChemicalSolutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Veh
12、iclesD2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testingof Engine CoolantsD2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With En-gine CoolantsD3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD3634 Test Me
13、thod for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine Cool-ants1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.07 on Specifications.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapprove
14、d in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4985 10. DOI:10.1520/D4985-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summar
15、y page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed IonChromatographyD4725 Terminology for Engi
16、ne Coolants and Related FluidsD5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion ChromatographyD5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool-ants by Digital Density MeterD6129 Test Method for Silicon in Engi
17、ne Coolant Concen-trates by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD6210 Specification for Fully-Formulated Glycol Base En-gine Coolant for Heavy-Duty EnginesD6660 Test
18、Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous EthyleneGlycol Base Engine Coolants by Automatic Phase Tran-sition MethodE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the1,10-Phenanthroline MethodE1177 Specif
19、ication for Engine Coolant Grade Glycol2.2 Other Document:3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103105C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 heavy duty enginea diesel, gasoline, or similarlyfueled internal combustion engine, having operating character-
20、istics of a long duty cycle at or near maximum rated conditions.Such engines are typically used in off-highway machinery foragriculture, mining, earth-moving, and construction; Class 5 to8 over the road trucks and buses; high output stationary engineinstallations; and locomotive and marine installat
21、ions. (SeeSpecification D3306 for coolant requirements for automobiles,vans, and pickup class trucks.)3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA)a materialadded to the cooling system of a heavy-duty engine to provideadditional cavitation protection and corrosion inhibition and tominimize deposits on h
22、eat transfer surfaces.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 other glycols, nin ethylene glycol base enginecoolant, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethyleneglycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropyleneglycol, and 1,3-propanediol.3.2.2 For definitions of other terms used in thisspecification,
23、 refer to Terminology D4725.4. General Requirements4.1 Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrates orprediluted ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall beformulated with ethylene glycol meeting Specification E1177,water, and shall contain suitable corrosion inhibitors, dye, anda foam suppres
24、sor. Other glycols, such as propylene anddiethylene, may be included in concentrates up to a maximumof 15 % (7.5 % for prediluted coolants) if the physical andchemical properties in Table 1 are met.4.2 All ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall conformto the general requirements in Table 2.4.3 P
25、rediluted coolants shall be prepared using deionizedwater that meets the following requirements:Property Specific Values ASTM Test MethodChlorides, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 25 (1.5) max D5827, D512, D4327Sulfate, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 50 (3.0) max D5827, D516, D4327Hardness, as CaCO3,g/g (ppm (grains/g
26、al)20 (1.2) max D6130, D1126pH 5.5 to 8.5 D1287, D1293Iron, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 1.0 (0.06) max D6130, E394NOTE 2Prediluted coolants are intended for direct addition to anengine cooling system with no further dilution.This practice minimizes the formation of hard water scaleand avoids the introduct
27、ion of mineral components, such as3Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 801 I Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.apha.org.TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical RequirementsSpecific ValuesProperty Concentrate PrediluteASTM TestMethod
28、Relative density, 15.5/15.5C(60/60F)1.110 to 1.145 1.065 min D1122, D5931Freezing point,AC (F): D1177, D666050 vol % in DI water 36.4 (33.5)maxUndiluted 36.4 (33.5)maxBoiling point,BC (F): D1120Undiluted 163 (325) min 108 (226) min50 vol % in DI water 108 (226) minAsh content, mass % 5 max 2.5 max D
29、1119pH: D128750 vol % in DI water 7.5 to 11Undiluted 7.5 to 11Reserve alkalinity, mL reportCreportCD1121Water, mass % 5 max not applicable D1123Chloride ion, g/g 25 max 25 max D3634, D5827DSilicon, g/g 250 max 125 max D6129, D6130Effect on engine or vehicle finish no effect no effect D1882EAFor purp
30、oses of determining conformance with this specification, an observedvalue shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used inexpressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding method ofPractice E29.BSome precipitate may be observed at the end of the test meth
31、od. This should notbe cause for rejection.CValue as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.DIn case of dispute, Test Method D3634 shall be the preferred test method.ECurrently, many heavy-duty engine manufacturers and vehicle manufacturersthat use these engines prepare test panels using t
32、he specific paint finishesemployed on their actual products. Coolant suppliers and equipment buildersshould agree on the exact test procedures and acceptance criteria on an individualcase basis.D4985 10 (2015)2chlorides and sulfates, which can increase the corrosion rate ofaluminum and iron. The use
33、 of Type IV reagent water alsominimizes interferences that may cause coolant instability orSCA compatibility problems.4.4 When diluting engine coolant concentrates for actualservice, municipal (treated) or a low-mineral content wellwater should be used (see Appendix X1, Table X1.1).4.5 Diluted coola
34、nt concentrates or prediluted coolants,when mixed with SCA in accordance with the engine manu-facturers recommendations and those on the product label,shall be suitable for use in a properly maintained coolingsystem in normal service for a minimum of one year (seeAppendix X1).5. Detailed Requirement
35、s5.1 Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrate shallconform to the physical and chemical requirements in Table 1and the performance requirements in Table 3.5.2 Prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol base engine coolants(50 volume % minimum) shall conform to the physical andchemical property requir
36、ements in Table 1. The requirementslisted in Table 1 for prediluted coolants are prescribed for thecoolant as packaged, without further dilution or adjustment.5.3 The freezing point of prediluted aqueous ethylene glycolbase engine coolants, as packaged, shall be 36.4C (33.5F)or lower.5.4 If necessar
37、y, adjust the freezing point of the predilutedaqueous coolant to 36.4C (33.5F) with deionized waterbefore proceeding with performance testing.5.5 Prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol base engine coolantsshall conform to the performance requirements prescribed inTable 3, after any needed concentration
38、adjustment.6. Keywords6.1 coolant requiring SCA pre-charge; engine coolant; eth-ylene glycol; heavy duty engine coolant; heavy duty engineservice; low silicate engine coolant; predilutedTABLE 2 General RequirementsProperty Specific Values ASTM Test MethodColor distinctive . . .Effect on nonmetals no
39、 adverse effect under considerationTABLE 3 Performance RequirementsAPropertySpecificValuesASTMTestMethodTest SolutionConcentration,vol % GlycolCorrosion in glassware D1384B33Weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 10 maxsolder 30 maxbrass 10 maxsteel 10 maxcast iron 10 maxaluminum 30 maxSimulated service te
40、st D2570C44weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 20 maxsolder 60 maxbrass 20 maxsteel 20 maxcast iron 20 maxaluminum 60 maxFoaming: D1881D33Volume, mL 150 maxBreak time, s 5 maxCavitation-Erosion 8 min D2809E17Rating for pitting, cavitation, anderosion of the water pumpAFor engine coolant concentrates, te
41、st solutions shall be prepared in accordancewith the directions provided in the individual ASTM test methods. For predilutedengine coolants, prepare the test solutions using the directions provided inFootnotes B through E.BFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of t
42、headjusted (see 4.5) prediluted product with 33 volume % ASTM Type IV reagentwater. Add 99 mg of sodium sulfate, 110 mg of sodium chloride, and 92 mg ofsodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.CFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 88 volume % of theadjusted (see 4.5) pre
43、diluted product with 12 volume % ASTM Type IV reagentwater. Add 83 mg of sodium sulfate, 92 mg of sodium chloride, and 77 mg ofsodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.DFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of theadjusted (see 4.5) prediluted product with 33 v
44、olume % ASTM Type II reagentwater.EFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 33 volume % of theadjusted (see 4.5) prediluted product with 67 volume % ASTM Type IV reagentwater. Add 123 mg of sodium sulfate, 137 mg of sodium chloride, and 115 mg ofsodium bicarbonate per litre of te
45、st solution.D4985 10 (2015)3APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy-dutyengine consists either of water, coolant concentrate (antifreeze)and supplemental coolant additive (SCA), or prediluted enginecoolant and
46、 SCA.X1.1.1 Water:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or corrosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing solutions for actual service, thewater should be of such quali
47、ty that it does not containexcessive solids, hardness, salts, sulfates, or chlorides. Contactyour local water department, responsible government agency,or submit a water sample for analysis if there is any questionabout water quality. Follow the specific water quality recom-mendations of the engine
48、or vehicle manufacturer or respon-sible servicing organization. In the absence of suchrecommendations, see Table X1.1.X1.1.2 Coolant ConcentrateEthylene glycol-base con-centrate meeting this specification is recommended for freeze,boil-over, and corrosion protection. Maintain coolant concen-trate (a
49、nti-freeze) concentration between 40 % (freeze protec-tion to 24.4C (12.0F) and 60 % (freeze protection to52.2C (62.0F), depending on operating environment.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine CoolantPrediluted ethyleneglycol base coolant (50 volume % antifreeze minimum)meeting this specification is recommended for freeze, boil-over, and corrosion protection. This product, as packaged, willprovide freeze protection to 36.4C (33.5F). Further dilu-tion is not recommended. However, if circumstances requireaddition and prediluted aqueou
