1、Designation: D 5066 91 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forDetermination of the Transfer Efficiency Under ProductionConditions for Spray Application of Automotive PaintsWeight Basis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5066; the number immediately following the designation indi
2、cates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for de
3、termination ofthe transfer efficiency (using a weight method) under produc-tion conditions for in-plant spray application of automotivepaints as outlined in Section 18 of EPA 450/3-88-018.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight ofthe paint solids sprayed and that deposited on the p
4、ainted part.The recommended approach involves painting the part directly.Also described is an alternative approach for painting partscovered with aluminum foil.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standa
5、rd does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardstatements are
6、 given in 10.1.8.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1475 Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,and Related ProductsD 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings2.2 USEPA/MVMA (Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Associa-tion) Standards:EPA 450/3-88-018, U.S. Environmental Prot
7、ection AgencyProtocol for Determining the Daily Volatile OrganicCompound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light DutyTruck Topcoat Operations,3EPA Federal Reference Method 24Determination ofVolatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, VolumeSolids, and Weight Solids, of Surface Coatings43. Termino
8、logy3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 paint, nthe liquid material that is applied onto thepart to cover or coat the surfaces.3.1.2 transfer effciency, nthe ratio of the weight of paintsolids deposited to the total weight of paint solids used duringthe application process, expr
9、essed as a percent.3.1.3 paint weight solids content, nthe weight of thenonvolatile materials in the liquid paint material divided by thetotal weight of the paint, times 100, determined by Test MethodD 2369.3.1.4 paint density, nthe mass of a unit volume of theliquid paint material at any given temp
10、erature, determined byTest Method D 1475.3.1.5 satellite paint supply system, na smaller, paint-circulating system separate from the main production paint-circulating supply system capable of supplying paint under thesame conditions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The weight of the part to be painted i
11、s determined beforeand after the paint application process. The weight of liquidpaint used per part is determined from material usage and partprocessing records. The determined weight solids content ofthe paint material is determined and used to calculate the paint1This test method is under the juri
12、sdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.Current edition approved May 15, 2005. Published July 2005. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edit
13、ion approved in 2001 as D 5066 91 (2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Supe
14、rintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to EPA 450/3-88-018 dated December 1988.This protocol makes reference to the determination of production spray transferefficiency.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Ca
15、pitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. Refer to CFR 40,Part 60, Appendix A.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.solids sprayed per part. The transfer efficiency of the process iscalculated by dividing the wei
16、ght of paint solids deposited bythe weight of the paint solids sprayed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is specifically directed at the spraypainting of automobile car and light duty truck bodies. Thegeneral principles are applicable to the painting of otherautomotive parts.5.2 This test
17、method may also be used to measure transferefficiency in full-sized painting facilities simulating productionconditions and operations.6. Interferences6.1 Limitations include the ability of the weighing device todetermine accurately the weight of the paint solids depositedon the part and the capabil
18、ity of accurate measurement of theamount of paint sprayed (see Section 7).6.2 It may be difficult to cover the surface of complexshaped parts with aluminum foil (see 11.6.11).7. Apparatus7.1 Tension Load Cells, with upper/lower transition pieces.7.1.1 682-kg (1500-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg (0.05-lb)
19、 pre-cision for weighing automobile body and support frame.7.1.2 227 to 364-kg (500 to 800-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg(0.05-lb) precision for weighing mix tanks or automobilecomponents.7.1.3 Asafety cable is required for upper to lower transition.7.2 Electronic Digitizer/Readout, readability of 0.02 k
20、g(0.05 lb) and special filtering.7.2.1 The electronic digitizer/readout shall meet OIML(International Organization of Legalized Metrology) specifica-tions.57.3 Voltage Regulator.7.4 Swivel Devices, as required.7.5 Rule and Calipers for measuring diameter of paintsupply tank shaft, etc.7.6 Sample Con
21、tainers, clean and airtight for paint material.7.7 Lifting Device and Support Frame Apparatus to liftbody.7.7.1 Total weight must not exceed capacity of load cell orscale.7.8 Standard Calibration Weight, approximately 0.9 kg (2lb).7.9 Measure Stick, Starret precision spring tempered, satinchrome fin
22、ish, 91.4 cm (36 in.), with 4R graduations, orequivalent.8. Paint Usage Measurement Procedures8.1 Transfer efficiency measurement requires that accuratemeasurements be made of the quantity of paint material used inthe application process during the time period associated withthe coating of specific
23、vehicles or parts. Two general proce-dures are applicable for accurately measuring paint usage.8.1.1 The preferred procedure is to determine the weight ofpaint used during the application study period. Under typicalproduction conditions, such weighing may be difficult, due tothe large number of appl
24、icators requiring paint supply from acommon tank. If a separate, isolated paint supply tank is usedin the test; it is important to control paint viscosity, tempera-ture, and flow rate consistent with the regular productionsystem (see 9.1).8.1.2 Where direct paint usage measurement by weight isnot pr
25、actical, an alternative procedure for determining paintusage by volume is suggested. This procedure involves mea-suring the drop in paint level in the paint supply tank during thetest. To provide sufficient accuracy, it may be necessary to painta “block” (isolated group) of similar vehicles or parts
26、 from thepaint supply system while usage measurements are taken.Typically, this may require painting approximately 30 vehicles(see 9.2).9. Paint Usage Determination by Weight Procedure9.1 This procedure for determining paint usage during thetest is preferred when a satellite paint supply system isav
27、ailable for the process to be tested. With this procedure, it isusually easier to isolate paint usage for measurement purposes,and accurate results can be obtained with a smaller number ofvehicles or parts (see 9.1.1).9.1.1 At least 2.27 kg (5.0 lb) of paint material must be usedduring the test with
28、 the specified weighing equipment.9.2 Before a satellite paint supply system can be used, itmust be demonstrated that the system is capable of supplyingthe paint at sufficient volume and pressure to maintain normalprocess conditions (fluid deliveries of the spray devices) andthat the paint can be ma
29、intained at a representative temperatureand viscosity for the duration of the test period. Theserequirements can best be assured by mounting the satellite tankon a load cell or scale and directly piping it into the productionsupply system of the spraybooth. For this procedure therequirements are as
30、follows:9.2.1 Level and calibrate a weighing device (see Section 7)for weighing the satellite supply tank.9.2.2 If an electronic weighing device is used, it must beturned on long enough to achieve stability, following themanufacturers directions. All weighing devices must be situ-ated to minimize di
31、sturbance from vibration or air movement.9.2.3 Introduce the paint material, reduced to sprayingviscosity, into the tank to be weighed. Before the test isconducted, be certain that fluid flows are properly set, that allsupply and return lines are filled with the paint, and that noleaks are present i
32、n the piping system.9.2.4 Shut off the agitator to minimize vibration during theweighing of the system.9.2.5 Calibrate the weighing device in accordance withmanufacturers instructions. Weigh and tare a lifting frame, ifused to support the satellite paint supply tank.9.2.6 Weigh the satellite paint s
33、upply tank before the testvehicles or parts are run. Flexible connections are required tominimize strain. Carefully note the configuration of the tank sothat the same configuration is used for both initial and the final5The sole source of supply of the electronic digitizer, Model 5322, known to thec
34、ommittee at this time is Sterling Scale Co., 20950 Boening, Southfield, MI 48075.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which yo
35、u may attend.D 5066 91 (2005)2weighing (that is, hose connections, height, etc.). Weigh thetank until 2 consecutive measurements are obtained within themeasurement error of the weighing system 60.02 kg (0.05 lb).Average the two readings. The satellite tank may be left on theweighing device during th
36、e painting operation to monitorpainting usage on a continuous basis.9.2.7 After painting the test vehicles or parts, reweigh thesatellite paint supply tank in accordance with 9.2.5 and 9.2.6.9.2.8 Obtain representative paint samples immediately aftercompletion of the test for solids and density anal
37、ysis.10. Paint Usage Determination by Tank LevelMeasurement (Volume Procedure)10.1 This procedure for determining the paint usage re-quires that the drop in the liquid level in the system supply tankbe measured accurately. This procedure is applicable witheither a satellite system or a main-mix room
38、 supply system. Asufficient number of parts must be processed in the test blockto provide at least a 7.6-cm (3-in.) drop in the liquid level in thepaint supply tank. Careful measurement is critical to the overallaccuracy of the transfer efficiency test. This procedure consistsof the following:10.1.1
39、 Accurately measure the inside diameter of the paintsupply tank(s) to be used for the various test materials. If theagitator shafts, fill pipes, or any other objects are located in themeasurement zone, the occupied volume of these items mustbe determined and subtracted from the total volume. Careful
40、selection of the section of the tank for the test measurementwill minimize the difficulty of this task. The measurements areused to develop a conversion factor between level drop andvolume of paint.10.1.2 Most main paint supply systems consist of two tanksconnected together to maintain the material
41、supply. During thetest, the paint supply tank must be isolated. Check to ensurethat there is no leakage or overflow between the two tanks andthat the directional valves for paint return function properly.Make sure that these checks are made just prior to and after thetest, and are done by measuring
42、the volume in both tanks.10.1.3 Place the test paint, which has been reduced tospraying viscosity, into the paint supply tank to be measured.No material additions or reductions may be made to the tankduring the test. Before the test is conducted, make certain thatvalving is set so that paint is bein
43、g drawn from the test tank andreturned to the test tank, and that all air has been removed fromthe delivery system.10.1.4 With satellite paint supply tank systems, special caremust be taken to ensure that all fluid lines are completely filled.10.1.5 Prior to taking the volume measurement, turn off a
44、nyagitation within the tank that will interfere with the measuringprocess and then turn it back on after the measurement.10.1.6 Record the tank levels before and after the test. Takethe initial reading just prior to the first test vehicle or part of theblock that enters the first application station
45、 in the testedprocess. Take the final reading just after the last vehicle or parthas left the last application area in the tested process.10.1.7 With clearcoat (or other paint materials that cannotbe isolated to a specific block of cars due to other connectedoperations such as repair), take the init
46、ial reading as the firstvehicle or part in the test block enters the first station applyingclearcoat. Take the final reading when the vehicle after the lastjob in the test block enters the first station, applying clearcoat(the same point at which the initial reading was taken). If thisis not done, t
47、he block size for clearcoat will be different fromthe block size for basecoat (this is acceptable but must beaccurately reflected in the calculations).10.1.8 The measurements are to be taken to the nearest 1.6mm (116 in.) with a measuring stick with 1.6 mm (116-in.) orless graduations. Measurements
48、are made from the top of thetank to the top of the liquid level at least 7.6 to 10.2 cm (3 to4 in.) from the sides of the tank. The top of the tank is to bedetermined by laying a straight edge across the top of the tankin the same position for each measurement.10.1.8.1 Warning: Any measuring instrum
49、ents used in thisprocedure must be effectively grounded before contacting thecoating tank or coating liquid surface. Review all measuringinstruments for suitability and resistance to the paint solventsprior to the test.10.1.9 It may be necessary to provide two-way radio com-munication between the mix-room monitor and the testedprocess operation to coordinate the measurement process andtiming.10.1.10 Obtain representative paint samples immediatelyafter completion of the test for density and solids determina-tions.11. Paint Solids Deposited Measurement Procedure11.1 To dete
