1、Designation: D5067 16Standard Specification forArtists Watercolor Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5067; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements forcomposition, physical properties, performance, and labeling ofartists watercolor paints.1.2 This specification
3、 covers pigments, vehicles, and addi-tives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,lightfastness, and consistency.1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastnessrequirements in this specification. In order to identify otherpigments that meet these requirements, instructions a
4、re givenfor test specimen preparation. Test methods for determiningrelative lightfastness are referenced.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D185 Test Methods for Coarse Pa
5、rticles in PigmentsD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for ChronicHealth HazardsD4303 Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used inArtists MaterialsE284 Terminology of Appearance3. Terminology3.1 D
6、efinitions:3.1.1 Colour Index Name, nconsists of the category (typeof dye or pigment), general hue, and an assigned number givento a colorant in the Colour Index3as an international identifi-cation system.3.1.1.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Nameof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigme
7、nt Blue 15 (PB15).3.1.2 Colour Index Number, na five-digit number given inthe Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of acolorant.3.1.2.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Numberof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is 74160.3.1.3 Appearance terms used in this standard are defined
8、inTerminology E284.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 watercolor paint, na pigment dispersion in a watersoluble gum/resin vehicle that dries water soluble and isintended primarily for transparent applications.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes quality req
9、uirements andprovides a basis for common understanding among producers,distributors, and users.4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the require-ments be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects.Variations in manufacture, not covered by this specification,may cause some artists t
10、o prefer one brand over another, eitherof which may be acceptable under this specification.5. Labeling Requirements5.1 Pigment(s) Identification:5.1.1 Every label shall include for each pigment containedin the paint (1) the information underlined in Table 1 (whichincludes the Common Name, Colour Ind
11、ex Name, and anyadditional terms necessary to identify the form of the pigment)and (2) the appropriate Lightfastness Category.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D
12、01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5067 05 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/D5067-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AST
13、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Colour Index, 3rd ed., The Society of Dyers and Colourists, London, 197175,five vols and revisions. Available from the American Association of
14、TextileChemists and Colorists, PO Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1TABLE 1 Suitable Pigments ListNOTE 1Underlined information and the lightfastness category in the table shall
15、 be included on every label.Key:Lightfastness Category:Lightfastness I Excellent LightfastnessLightfastness II Very Good LightfastnessAbbreviations Used for Colour Index Names:BR Basic RedNR Natural RedPB Pigment BluePBk Pigment BlackPBr Pigment BrownPG Pigment GreenPO Pigment OrangePR Pigment RedPV
16、 Pigment VioletPW Pigment WhitePY Pigment YellowPigment Notations:(CC) Concentrated cadmium pigments may contain up to 15 % barium sulfate for color control. Cadmium-barium pigments contain a much higheramount of barium sulfate.(NA) Colour Index name or number not assigned.(SM) Sensitive to moisture
17、 in direct sunlight.Colour Index NameLightfastness CategoryCommon Name and Chemical ClassColour IndexNumberWatercolorsYELLOWSPY 3 II Arylide Yellow 10G, with option of adding the name Hansa Yellow Light, arylide yellow 11710PY 31 I Barium Chromate Lemon, barium chromate 77103PY 34 I Chrome Yellow Le
18、mon, lead chromate and lead sulfate 77600PY 35 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium zinc sulfide (CC) (SM) 77205PY 35:1 I Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), cadmium zinc sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate (SM) 77205:1PY 37 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium sulfide
19、 (CC) (SM) 77199PY 37:1 I Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), cadmium sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate (SM) 77199:1PY 40 II Aureolin, with option of adding the name Cobalt Yellow, potassium cobaltinitrite 77357PY 42 I Mars Yellow or Iron Oxide Yellow, with option of adding the name Yellow Ir
20、on Oxide, synthetic hy-drated iron oxide77492PY 42 I Mars Orange or Iron Oxide Yellow, synthetic hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 43 I Yellow Ochre, natural hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 53 I Nickel Titanate Yellow, oxides of nickel antimony and titanium, or nickel titanate 77788PY 65 II Arylide Yellow RN,
21、 with option of adding the name Hansa Yellow (hue designation), arylide 11740PY 97 IIAArylide Yellow FGL, arylide yellow 11767PY 109 II Isoindoline Yellow G, tetrachloroisoindoline 56284PY 110 I Isoindoline Yellow R, tetrachloroisoindoline 56280PY 117 I Azomethine Yellow, copper organic complex 4804
22、3PY 138 II Quinophthalone Yellow, quinophthalone 56300PY 150 I Nickel Azo Yellow, nickel azo complex 12764PY 153 II Nickel Dioxine Yellow, dioxine nickel complex 48545PY 154 I Benzimidazolone Yellow H3G, benzimidazolone 11781PBr 24 I Chrome Titanate Yellow, oxides of chromium, antimony and titanium,
23、 or chrome titanate 77310ORANGESPO 20 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium sulfo-selenide (CC) 77202PO 20:1 I Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), cadmium sulfo-selenide coprecipitated with barium sulfate 77202:1PO 36 I Benzimidazolone Orange HL, benzimidazolone 11780PO 48 II Quinacridone
24、Gold, or Quinacridone Orange, quinacridone 73900PO 62 II Benzimidazolone Orange H5G, monoacetolone 11775REDSPR 101 I Indian Red, synthetic red iron oxide (bluish hue) 77491PR 101 I Light or English Red Oxide, synthetic red iron oxide (yellowish hue)PR 101 I Mars Red or Iron Oxide Yellow, with option
25、 of adding the name Red Iron Oxide, synthetic red ironoxide77491PR 101 I Mars Violet or Iron Oxide Yellow, with option of adding the name Violet Iron Oxide, synthetic ironoxide (violet hue)77015PR 101 I Venetian Red, synthetic iron oxide (yellowish hue) 77491PR 104 I Chrome Orange, lead chromate and
26、 lead molybdate 77605PR 108 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium-seleno sulfide (CC) 77202PR 108:1 I Cadmium-Barium (hue designation), cadmium seleno-sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate 77202:1PR 170 II Naphthol Red F3RK, napthol carbamide 12475PR 179 I Perylene (hue designation)
27、, perylene 71130PR 188 II Naphthol (hue designation) AS, naphtol AS 12467PR 209 II Quinacridone (hue designation), gamma quinacridone 73905PR 216 I Pyranthrone Red, halogenated pyranthrone 59710PR 255 I Pyrrol Red, diketo-pyrollo-pyrrol NAPURPLESPV 14 I Cobalt Violet, cobalt phosphate, cobalt ammoni
28、um phosphate 77360PV 15 I Ultramarine Red, complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur or sodium alumino-sulpho-silicate77007D5067 1625.1.2 The complete pigment identification given in Table 1,which also includes the Colour Index Number and a simplechemical description, shall be given by the
29、 producer in anappropriate electronic version or printed publication. Manufac-turers are encouraged to put this complete identification on thecontainer label when label size permits.5.1.3 The Common Name shall be placed on the front of thelabel and shall be the name of the paint except as described
30、in5.1.5 and 5.1.6. Other identification may be placed elsewhereon the container.5.1.4 The Colour Index Name may be spelled out in full orabbreviated depending on the size of the label. Example:Pigment Blue 15, or Pig. Blue 15 or PB 15.5.1.5 Substituted PigmentsIn the case of substitutedpigments, exc
31、ept for those pigments listed in Table X2.1, theword “Hue” in equal size letters shall follow in the title, on thefront of the tube, immediately after the name of the pigmentthat has been simulated.5.1.6 Proprietary names or optional names may be usedprovided the Common Name(s) given in Table 1 is l
32、isted alongwith their Colour Index Names and the Lightfastness Categoryof the mixture somewhere on the label.5.1.7 Mixed PigmentsArtistspaints containing more thanone pigment comply with this specification if all coloredpigments included in the mixture are on the suitable pigmentlist (Table 1) and p
33、rovided the mixture itself has passed allother test requirements in this specification. The lightfastnesscategory shall be that of the least lightfast pigment. Thislightfastness category may be changed if the mixture is testedfor lightfastness in accordance with Test Methods D4303 andresults indicat
34、ing a different category are submitted to ASTMSubcommittee D01.57 for evaluation.5.1.8 Historical and Discontinued PigmentsPigments thatare either (1) primarily of a historical nature, or (2) have notbeen commercially manufactured for a minimum of 10 years ormore, may be submitted to Subcommittee D0
35、1.57 for inclusionin Table X2.1.5.1.8.1 The Common Name(s) of pigments in Table X2.1may be used by substituted pigments without the designation of“Hue” in the title.5.1.8.2 Paints using pigments listed in Table X2.1 may usethe word “Genuine” in front of the title to differentiate themfrom substitute
36、d pigments.TABLE 1 ContinuedColour Index NameLightfastness CategoryCommon Name and Chemical ClassColour IndexNumberWatercolorsPV 15 I Ultramarine Violet, complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur or sodium alumino-sul-phosilicate77007PV 16 I Manganese Violet, manganese ammonium pyrophospha
37、te 77742PV 19 I Quinacridone (hue designation), gamma quinacridone 73900BLUESPB 15 II Phthalocyanine Blue or Phthalo Blue, with option of adding Red Shade, copper phthalocyanine 74160PB 15:6 II Phthalocyanine Blue, or Phthalo Blue, with option of adding Green Shade, copper phthalocyanine 74160:6PB 2
38、7 I Prussian Blue, with the option of adding the name Milori Blue, ferriammonium ferrocyanide 77510PB 28 I Cobalt Blue, oxides of cobalt and aluminum or cobalt aluminate 77346PB 29 I Ultramarine Blue, complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur 77007PB 33 I Manganese Blue, barium manganate w
39、ith barium sulfate 77112PB 35 I Cerulean Blue, oxides of cobalt and tin or cobalt stannate 77368PB 36 I Cerulean Blue, Chromium or Cobalt Chromite Blue, oxides of cobalt and chromium, or cobaltchromite77343GREENSPG 7 I Phthalocyanine Green or Phthalo Green, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine 74260PG
40、17 I Chromium Oxide Green, anhydrous chromium sesquioxide 77288PG 18 I Viridian, hydrous chromium sesquioxide 77289PG 19 I Cobalt Green, oxides of cobalt and zinc, or cobalt zincate 77335PG 23 I Green Earth, or Terre Verte, natural ferrous silicate containing magnesium and aluminum potas-sium silica
41、tes77009PG 36 I Phthalocyanine Green, Y. S. (yellow shade), chlorinated and brominated phthalocyanine 74265PB 36 I Cobalt Chromite Green or Cobalt Turquoise, oxides of cobalt and chromium, or cobalt chromite 77343BROWNSPBr 7 I Burnt Sienna, calcined natural iron oxide 77491 or 77492PBr 7 I Burnt Umb
42、er, calcined natural iron oxide containing manganese 77491 or 77492PBr 7 I Raw Sienna, natural iron oxide 77491 or 77492PBr 7 I Raw Umber, natural iron oxide containing manganese 77491 or 77492BLACKSPBk 6 I Lamp Black, nearly pure amorphous carbon 77266PBk 7 I Carbon Black, nearly pure amorphous car
43、bon 77266PBk 8 I Charcoal Black or Vine Black, nearly pure amorphous carbon of vegetable origin 77268PBk 9 I Ivory Black or Bone Black, amorphous carbon produced by charring animal bones 77267PBk 19 I Gray Hydrated Aluminum Silicate, hydrated aluminum silicate 77017WHITESPW 4 I Zinc White, zinc oxid
44、e with option of adding the name Chinese White 77947PW 6 I Titanium White, titanium dioxide (rutile or anatase) with option of including some barium sulfate orzinc oxide77891AThese pigments were put into the lightfastness II category pending results of retesting.D5067 1635.2 Provide on the label the
45、 identification of the gum/resinused.5.3 LightfastnessThe label shall contain the word “Light-fastness” followed by the appropriate rating, I or II, as givenfor each pigment in Table 1, or else one of these correspondingicons (Fig. 1).5.3.1 Lightfastness I pigments, when made into paint speci-mens a
46、s described in Section 7 and exposed, tested, and ratedin accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have a colordifference (E*ab) of 4 or less CIELAB units between thespecimens measured before and after exposure.5.3.2 Lightfastness II pigments, when made into paintspecimens as described in Section 7
47、 and exposed, tested, andrated in accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have acolor difference (E*ab) of more than 4.0 but not more than 8.0CIELAB units between the specimens measured before andafter exposure.5.3.3 Pigments were placed in a lightfastness category onthe basis of either known hist
48、orical performance in art works orthe ratings from four lightfastness tests conducted as describedin Test Methods D4303. Results from further tests on these, orother pigments, are solicited by Subcommittee D01.57.5.3.3.1 The lightfastness category of a pigment shall bechanged if results from several
49、 further tests conducted inaccordance with Test Methods D4303 and approved by ASTMSubcommittee D01.57, establish a different lightfastness cat-egory than the one given in Table 1.5.3.3.2 Additional pigments shall be placed in Table 1 afterthey have been tested for lightfastness in accordance with TestMethods D4303 and the test results submitted to ASTMSubcommittee D01.57 for evaluation, provided the resultsdemonstrate that the pigments have the lightfastness ratingsrequired for Lightfastness I or Lightfastness II, as describedabove.5.3.4 For information and to est
