1、Designation: D 5091 95 (Reapproved 2001)Standard Guide forWater Analysis for Electrodialysis/Electrodialysis ReversalApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5091; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the determinations that should beperformed on any given water if processing by e
3、lectrodialysis/electrodialysis reversal is being considered.1.2 This guide is applicable to all waters but is not neces-sarily complete for wastewaters.1.3 This is a guide only and should not be construed as acomplete delineation of all analysis required for a specificapplication.1.4 This standard d
4、oes not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM St
5、andards:D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium in Water2D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water (Method B)2D 516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water2D 857 Test Methods for Aluminum in Water2D 1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water2D 858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water2D
6、1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water (Method C or D)2D 1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-sistivity of Water2D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water2D 1179 Test Methods for Fluoride Ion in Water2D 1253 Test Method for Residual Chlorine in Water2D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water2D 188
7、9 Test Method for Turbidity of Water2D 2579 Test Method for Total Organic Carbon in Water3D 3352 Test Methods for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water,Seawater, and Brines3D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-duits2D 3561 Test Method for Lithium, Potassium and SodiumIons in Brackish Water,
8、 Seawater, and Brines by AtomicAbsorption Spectrophotometry3D 3867 Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water2D 3920 Test Method for Strontium in Water2D 4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water2D 4191 Test Method for Sodium in Water by AtomicAbsorption Spectrophotometry2D 4192 Test Met
9、hod for Potassium in Water by AtomicAbsorption Spectrophotometry2D 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by ChemicallySuppressed Ion Chromatography2D 4382 Test Method for Barium in Water, Atomic Absorp-tion Spectrophotometry, Graphite Furnace2D 4658 Test Method for Sulfide Ion in Water2D 4839 Test Me
10、thod for Total Carbon and Organic Carbonin Water by Ultraviolet, or Persulfate Oxidation, or Both,and Infrared Detection32.2 American Public Health Association Standards:Standard Methods for the Examination of Water andWastewater, Eighteenth Edition, 1992, pp. 4-123 to4-12843. Terminology3.1 Definit
11、ionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D 1129.4. Summary of Guide4.1 This guide consists of recommended water analyses forions, gases, suspended materials, organics, temperature, andpH for potential applications of electrodialysis/electrodialysisreversal.5. Significance
12、 and Use5.1 The design of an electrodialysis/electrodialysis reversalsystem is determined by the composition of the feedwater andthe desired composition of the product water. The determina-tions and measurements performed in this guide will providethe necessary information for making design projecti
13、ons ofstaging and power consumption.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion ExchangeMaterials.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originallypublished as D 5091 90. L
14、ast previous edition D 5091 90.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.4Available from the American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street,N.W., Washington, DC 20005.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
15、cken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 The recovery at which an electrodialysis/electrodialysisreversal system can be safely operated is dependent on thecomposition of the feed solution. The determinations measure-ments performed in this guide will provide data for thecalculation of the maximum reco
16、very of a system utilizing aspecific feed water.5.3 The determinations and measurements performed in thisguide will be valuable for determining needed pretreatment formeeting specific product water requirements with the specificfeed water.6. Procedure6.1 Collect a sample of the water to be tested in
17、 accordancewith Practices D 3370.6.2 Determine the concentration of:SodiumTest Methods D 3561, D 4191 (Na+)CalciumTest Methods D511 (Ca+)MagnesiumTest Methods D511 (Mg+)PotassiumTest Methods D 3561, D 4192 (K+)ChlorideTest Methods D 512, D 4327 (Cl)BicarbonateTest Methods D 1067 (HCO3)CarbonateTest
18、Methods D 1067 (CO3)SulfateTest Methods D 516, D 4327 (SO4)NitrateTest Methods D 3867, D 4327 (NO3)ManganeseTest Methods D 858 (Mn) Total and DissolvedIronTest Methods D 1068 (Fe) Total and DissolvedAluminumTest Methods D 857 (Al)BariumTest Methods D 4382 (Ba+)StrontiumTest Methods D 3352, D 3920 (S
19、r+)FluorideTest Methods D 1179 (F)The results may be expressed as (a) milligrams per litre(mg/L) as the ion; (b) milligrams per litre (mg/L) as calciumcarbonate; or (c) as milliequivalents per liter (meq/L).NOTE 1The total cations and total anions (expressed as milliequiva-lents per liter calcium ca
20、rbonate should balance within 5 %. A largerdifference indicates an error in analysis or the presence of a significantquantity of an ionic species not listed in this guide.6.3 Determine the organic carbon content of the water usingTest Methods D 2579 or D 4839.6.4 Determine the concentration of:Sulfi
21、de ion(Test Method D 4658 or see 2.2)(S)Free and total chlorine(Test Method D 1253)(Cl2)6.4.1 Free and total chlorine should be determined on site atthe time the sample is collected.6.5 Determine the:pH (Test Methods D 1293)TemperatureTurbidity (Test Methods D 1889, Sections 10 through 16)Conductivi
22、ty (Test Methods D 1125)Silt density index (Test Methods D 4189)6.5.1 Silt density index is applicable only to relatively lowturbidity waters (less than 1 NTU) such as well water, filteredwater, or clarified effluent samples.6.5.2 pH, temperature, and silt density index should bemeasured on site at
23、the time the sample is collected.7. Precision and Bias7.1 The precision and bias of this guide are a function ofeach individual determination and are given where applicablein the documents that are referenced.8. Keywords8.1 desalination; desalting; electrodialysisASTM International takes no position
24、 respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.T
25、his standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM In
26、ternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address show
27、n below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 5091 95 (2001)2
