1、Designation: D5091 95 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Guide forWater Analysis for Electrodialysis/Electrodialysis ReversalApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5091; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the determinations that should beperformed on any given water if processing by elec
3、trodialysis/electrodialysis reversal is being considered.1.2 This guide is applicable to all waters but is not neces-sarily complete for wastewaters.1.3 This is a guide only and should not be construed as acomplete delineation of all analysis required for a specificapplication.1.4 This standard does
4、 not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
5、ards:2D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In WaterD512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD857 Test Method for Aluminum in WaterD858 Test Methods for Manganese in WaterD1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of WaterD1068 Test Methods for Iron
6、 in WaterD1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-tivity of WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1179 Test Methods for Fluoride Ion in WaterD1253 Test Method for Residual Chlorine in WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD1889 Test Method for Turbidity of Water (Withdrawn2007)3D
7、2579 Test Method for Total Organic Carbon in Water(Withdrawn 2002)3D3352 Test Method for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water,Seawater, and BrinesD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD3561 Test Method for Lithium, Potassium, and SodiumIons in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines by Atom
8、icAbsorption SpectrophotometryD3867 Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in WaterD3920 Test Method for Strontium in WaterD4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of WaterD4191 Test Method for Sodium in Water by Atomic Absorp-tion SpectrophotometryD4192 Test Method for Potassium in Water by AtomicA
9、bsorption SpectrophotometryD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed IonChromatographyD4382 Test Method for Barium in Water,AtomicAbsorptionSpectrophotometry, Graphite FurnaceD4658 Test Method for Sulfide Ion in WaterD4839 Test Method for Total Carbon and Organic Carbon inWater by Ultravio
10、let, or Persulfate Oxidation, or Both, andInfrared Detection2.2 American Public Health Association Standards:Standard Methods for the Examination of Water andWastewater, Eighteenth Edition, 1992, pp. 4-123 to 4-12843. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Ter
11、minology D1129.4. Summary of Guide4.1 This guide consists of recommended water analyses forions, gases, suspended materials, organics, temperature, andpH for potential applications of electrodialysis/electrodialysisreversal.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and ist
12、he direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion ExchangeMaterials.Current edition approved June 1, 2014. Published July 2014. Originally approvedin 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5091 95 (2007). DOI:10.1520/D5091-95R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the
13、ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available fromAmer
14、ican Public HealthAssociation (APHA), 800 I Street, NW,Washington, DC 20001, http:/www.apha.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Significance and Use5.1 The design of an electrodialysis/electrodialysis reversalsystem
15、 is determined by the composition of the feedwater andthe desired composition of the product water. The determina-tions and measurements performed in this guide will providethe necessary information for making design projections ofstaging and power consumption.5.2 The recovery at which an electrodia
16、lysis/electrodialysisreversal system can be safely operated is dependent on thecomposition of the feed solution. The determinations measure-ments performed in this guide will provide data for thecalculation of the maximum recovery of a system utilizing aspecific feed water.5.3 The determinations and
17、 measurements performed in thisguide will be valuable for determining needed pretreatment formeeting specific product water requirements with the specificfeed water.6. Procedure6.1 Collect a sample of the water to be tested in accordancewith Practices D3370.6.2 Determine the concentration of:SodiumT
18、est Methods D3561, D4191 (Na+)CalciumTest Methods D511 (Ca+)MagnesiumTest Methods D511 (Mg+)PotassiumTest Methods D3561, D4192 (K+)ChlorideTest Methods D512, D4327 (Cl)BicarbonateTest Methods D1067 (HCO3)CarbonateTest Methods D1067 (CO3)SulfateTest Methods D516, D4327 (SO4)NitrateTest Methods D3867,
19、 D4327 (NO3)ManganeseTest Methods D858 (Mn) total and dissolvedIronTest Methods D1068 (Fe) total and dissolvedAluminumTest Methods D857 (Al)BariumTest Methods D4382 (Ba+)StrontiumTest Methods D3352, D3920 (Sr+)FluorideTest Methods D1179 (F)The results may be expressed as (a) milligrams per litre(mg/
20、L) as the ion; (b) milligrams per litre (mg/L) as calciumcarbonate; or (c) as milliequivalents per liter (meq/L).NOTE 1The total cations and total anions (expressed as milliequiva-lents per liter calcium carbonate) should balance within 5 %. A largerdifference indicates an error in analysis or the p
21、resence of a significantquantity of an ionic species not listed in this guide.6.3 Determine the organic carbon content of the water usingTest Methods D2579 or D4839.6.4 Determine the concentration of:Sulfide ion(Test Method D4658 or see 2.2)(S)Free and total chlorine(Test Method D1253)(Cl2)6.4.1 Fre
22、e and total chlorine should be determined on site atthe time the sample is collected.6.5 Determine the:pH (Test Methods D1293)TemperatureTurbidity (Test Method D1889, Sections 10 through 16)Conductivity (Test Methods D1125)Silt density index (Test Method D4189)6.5.1 Silt density index is applicable
23、only to relatively lowturbidity waters (less than 1 NTU) such as well water, filteredwater, or clarified effluent samples.6.5.2 pH, temperature, and silt density index should bemeasured on site at the time the sample is collected.7. Precision and Bias7.1 The precision and bias of this guide are a fu
24、nction ofeach individual determination and are given where applicablein the documents that are referenced.8. Keywords8.1 desalination; desalting; electrodialysisASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this sta
25、ndard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be revi
26、ewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsib
27、le technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
28、nshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 95 (2014)2
