1、Designation:D513204 Designation: D5132 11Standard Test Method forHorizontal Burning Rate of Polymeric Materials Used inOccupant Compartments of Motor Vehicles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5132; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ado
2、ption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope *1.1 This test method is intended for use as a small-scale laboratory proc
3、edure for comparing the relative horizontal burning ratesof polymeric materials used in occupant compartments of motor vehicles.1.2UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3This test method, Federal Safety Standard MVSS 302, SAE J369, and ISO 3795 Standards are technically
4、 equivalent.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3 This test method, Federal Safety Standard MVSS 302, SAE J369, and ISO 3795 address the same subject matter, but differin technical content.1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials
5、, products, or assemblies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazards or fire risk assessment of materials,products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety c
6、oncerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.1.6 Fire testing is inherently
7、hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.NOTE 1This standard and ISO 3795 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-S
8、cale Burning Tests on Plastic MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 Federal Safety Standard:MVSS 302Flammability of Interior Materials-Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, Trucks and
9、 BusesMVSS 302 (49 CFR 571.302) Flammability of Interior Materials-Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, Trucks andBuses32.3 SAE Standard:SAE J369 Flammability of Polymeric Interior Materials - Horizontal Test Method42.4 ISO Standard:ISO 3795 Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for
10、agriculture and forestryDetermination of burning behavior ofinterior materials53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of fire-related terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E176.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct respon
11、sibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.Current edition approved JulyFeb. 1, 2004.2011. Published July 2004.February 2011. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 asD5132 034. DOI: 10.1520/D5132-04.10.1520/D5132-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit t
12、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3United States Code of Federal Regulations, 49 CFR 571.302, 36 FR 28991, available from Superinten
13、dent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,DC 20402.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varemb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, S
14、witzerland.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consu
15、lt prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、 PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method employs a standard test specimen (100 by 356) mm356 mm) with a thickness up to 13 mm, mounted ina U-shaped metal frame. The specimen is ignited by means of a 38-mm38 mm high flame from an appropriate burner, and theburning r
17、ate of the material is determined.4.2 The rate of burning is determined by measurements of the horizontal distance burned in relation to the time of burning, andreported for each set of specimens.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a standard laboratory procedure for measuring and c
18、omparing the burning rates of polymericmaterials under specified controlled conditions.5.2 The rate of burning is affected by such factors as density, direction of rise, and type and amount of surface treatments. Thethickness of the finished specimens must also be taken into account. These factors m
19、ust be considered in order to compare materialson the same basis.5.3 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different testconditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this
20、 test method to predictchanges in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditionsdescribed in this procedure.6. Apparatus6.1 The apparatus shall be as shown in Figs. 1-6 and shall include the following:6.1.1 Test ChamberA c
21、hamber approximately 380 by 355 by 200 mm constructed of 1.251.50 mm steel sheet and fabricatedin accordance with Fig. 1.6.1.2 Laboratory BurnerConstructed in accordance with Specification D5025.NOTE1The burner may be mounted on the door, as shown in 2It is acceptable to mount the burner on the door
22、, as shown in Fig. 6, to ensure properalignment.6.1.3 Gas SupplyMethane or natural gas having a heating value of 37 6 1 MJ/m3regulated to approximately 20 kPa. .6.1.4 Specimen Holder SupportA device capable of maintaining the specimen holder horizontally in place so that the top ofthe burner tube is
23、 positioned 19 mm below the top surface of the bottom U-shaped frame when placed in the specimen holdersupport, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The base of the support shall not obstruct the ventilation holes in the base of the cabinet.NOTE 23Limited data indicates that the use of a “drip tray” under
24、 the specimen holder does not significantly affect the test results. If differences areobserved by the testing laboratory, the drip tray shall be removed.6.1.5 Specimen HolderTwo matching U-shaped frames of non-corroding metal stock 25 mm wide and 10 mm high. Theinterior dimensions of the U-shaped f
25、rames are 50 mm wide by 330 mm long. A specimen that softens and bends at the flamingend so as to cause erratic burning is kept horizontal by supports consisting of thin, heat-resistant wires, spanning the width of theU-shaped frame under the specimen at 25-mm intervals. A device that may be usedis
26、suitable for use for supporting this type ofFIG. 1 Horizontal Flammability ChamberD5132 112material is an additional U-shaped frame containing the specimen, spanned by 0.25-mm wires of heat-resistant composition at 25mm intervals starting 38 mm from the open end. The device is inserted over the bott
27、om U-shaped frame. See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.6.1.6 Timing DeviceA timer accurate to the nearest 0.1 s.6.1.7 Measuring DeviceA rule accurate to the nearest 1.0 mm.7. Hazards7.1 During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that mayhave the potential to be hazardous.FIG. 2 Typical
28、 Specimen Holder SupportFIG. 3 Specimen Holder With Specimen Positioned in the Specimen Holder SupportFIG. 4 Typical Specimen HolderTwo Identical U-Shaped FramesD5132 113Precautions shall be taken to protect the operator.8. Test Specimens8.1 A minimum of five specimens 100 6 5 mm wide by a minimum o
29、f 300 mm long by thickness up to a maximum of 13.013mm are prepared by cutting from the test material. If the test material has a coating, covering, or construction that is considereddirectional in nature, and it has a directional effect on the burning rate, than five then specimens are produced by
30、cutting thematerial for testing of burning rates five specimens in both the transverse and longitudinal directions.FIG. 5 Bottom U-FrameFIG. 6 Burner Position Inside CabinetD5132 1148.2 Cut specimens from uniform density samples. The maximum thickness of any specimen shall be 13.013 mm. If any mater
31、ialto be tested exceeds this, it shall be cut to the above thickness by a mechanical process applied to the side which does not facethe occupant compartment, so that the specimen shall include the primary surface of the part. In case of materials made of differentcomposition which are not composite
32、materials, all the layers within a depth of 13.013 mm from the surface facing towards theoccupant compartment shall be tested individually, as shown at the Fig. 7. Any material that does not adhere to other materials atevery point of contact shall be tested separately.Any material that adheres to ot
33、her materials at every point of contact shall be testedas a composite with other material(s). Record the information on specimen preparation in the test report.8.3 Where it is not possible to obtain a flat specimen because of the component configuration, cut the specimen to the maximumthickness of 1
34、3.013 mm at any point, from the area with the least curvature, and in such a manner as to include the face side.8.4 The minimum width and length of the specimen shall be 95 and 300 mm.mm, respectively. Use the maximum availablelength or width of a specimen (as described in 8.1) where either dimensio
35、n is less than the specified values.8.5 For composites, laminates, or surface-treated samples, the side nearest to the compartment occupant shouldshall be placedfacing down during testing.8.6 If the materials grain pattern or construction is such that it has a directional effect on the burning rate,
36、 testing should beconducted conduct the testing in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, as described in 8.1. Test five specimens in eachdirection.9. Conditioning9.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, materials shall be conditioned for at least 24 h at 23 6 2C and 5065%50 6 10 % relativehumidi
37、ty prior to testing.9.2All specimens shall be tested in a laboratory atmosphere of 15 to 35C and 45 to 75% relative humidity.9.2 All specimens shall be tested in a laboratory atmosphere of 15 to 35C and 40 to 75 % relative humidity. For convenience,the specimens can be stored up to1hinclosed polyeth
38、ylene bags after conditioning and prior to testing.10. Procedure10.1 Place the test chamber inside a laboratory exhaust hood.NOTE3The 4The proper control of the hood is necessary to ensure the proper draft. Adjust the baffles or the exhaust motor speed, or both, so thatthe face velocity of the hood
39、shall be constant in the range of 0.1 m/s 75 ft/min. The It is possible that the effectiveness of the hood maywill changewhen the door to the lab is opened and closed.10.2 Place samples with napped or tufted surface on a flat surface and comb twice against the nap using the metal comb at least110 mm
40、 in length, with seven to eight teeth per 25 mm.10.3 Place the test specimen between the two matching U-shaped frames so that the frames hold both long sides and one endof the specimen.10.4 Place the burner remote from the specimen, ignite, and adjust it to produce a blue flame 38 6 2 mm high. Adjus
41、t the gassupply and the air ports of the burner until a yellow-tipped blue flame is produced and then increase the air supply until the yellowtip just disappears. Measure the height of the flame, and, if necessary, readjust to obtain a flame 38 mm high.10.5 Place the burner inside the open end of th
42、e test chamber and position the burner to ensure that the center of the burner topis 19 6 1 mm below the center of the bottom edge of the specimen at the open end of the specimen holder when the specimenis in the specimen testing position.NOTEMaterial A has a non-adhering interface with material B a
43、nd is tested separately. Part of material B is within 13.0 mm of the occupantcompartment air space, and materials B and C adhere at every point of contact; therefore B and C are tested as a composite. The cut is in material C asshown, to make a specimen 13.0 mm thick.FIG. 7 Specimen Preparation (Ill
44、ustrative Example)D5132 11510.6 Place the mounted specimen in the horizontal testing position in the specimen holder support inside the test chamber.10.7 Turn on the exhaust hood.10.8 Move the flame into contact with the specimen for a period of 15 s, then extinguish the exposure flame by turning of
45、f thegas supply or by removing the flame from under the specimen.10.9 Observe the leading edge of the flame front, starting the timer when the scribed mark 38 mm from the open end of thesample holder is reached.10.10Measure the time it takes the leading edge of the flame front to progress to the lin
46、e scribed 292 mm from the open endof the top or bottom U-shaped frame. If the flame does not reach this specified end point, time its progress to the furthest distancereached.10.10 Measure the time it takes the leading edge of the flame front to progress to the line scribed 292 mm from the open endo
47、f the top or bottom U-shaped frame. If the flame does not reach this specified end point, time its progress to the furthest distancereached. If the specimen stops burning before it has burned for 60 s and has not burned more than 50 mm past the 38 mm scribedline, no burn rate is calculated.11. Calcu
48、lation11.1 Calculate the burning rate from the following formula:B 5 D / T 3 60 (1)where:B = burning rate, mm/min,D = length the flame traveled, starting from the first scribed line, mm, andT = time for the flame to travel distance D,s12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Complete i
49、dentification of the material tested, including generic description, manufacturer, commercial designation, andlot number, color and other information as requested.12.1.2 Directionality of the specimens, if pertinent. See 8.1 and 8.5.12.1.3 The thickness and type of specimens tested, that is, composite, laminate, finished section, cellular foam, etc.12.1.4 Conditioning treatment.12.1.5 Any prior treatment before testing, other than cutting, trimming and conditioning.12.1.6 Number of specimens tested.12.1.7 Burnt distance in mm, and burning time, in s
