1、Designation: D5132 11D5132 17Standard Test Method forHorizontal Burning Rate of Polymeric Materials Used inOccupant Compartments of Motor Vehicles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5132; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is intended for use as a small-scale laboratory procedure for comp
3、aring the relative horizontal burning ratesof polymeric materials used in occupant compartments of motor vehicles.1.2 During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that are potentially hazardous to personnel.Adequateprecautions shall be taken to protect the operator.1.3 Unit
4、sThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This test method, Federal Safety Standard MVSS 302, SAE J369, and ISO 3795 address the same subject matter, but differin technical content.1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assem
5、blies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazards or fire risk assessment of materials,products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, ass
6、ociated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate
7、safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.NOTE 1This standard and ISO 3795 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with intern
8、ationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5025 Sp
9、ecification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 Federal Safety Standard:MVSS 302 (49 CFR 571.302) Flammability of Interior M
10、aterials-Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, Trucks andBuses32.3 SAE Standard:SAE J369 Flammability of Polymeric Interior Materials - Horizontal Test Method41 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D2
11、0.30 on Thermal Properties.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011May 1, 2017. Published February 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20042011 asD5132 04.D5132 11. DOI: 10.1520/D5132-11.10.1520/D5132-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, ww
12、w.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 United States Code of Federal Regulations, 49 CFR 571.302, 36 FR 28991, available from Superintendent of Documents,
13、U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,DC 20402.4 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made
14、 to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Su
15、mmary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.4 ISO Standard:ISO 3795 Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestryDetermination of burning behav
16、ior of interiormaterials53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of fire-related terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E176.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method employs a standard test specimen (100 by 356 mm) with a thickness up to 13 mm, mounted in a U-shapedmetal fram
17、e. The specimen is ignited by means of a 38 mm high flame from an appropriate burner, and the burning rate of thematerial is determined.4.2 The rate of burning is determined by measurements of the horizontal distance burned in relation to the time of burning, andreported for each set of specimens.5.
18、 Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a standard laboratory procedure for measuring and comparing the burning rates of polymericmaterials under specified controlled conditions.5.2 The rate of burning is affected by such factors as density, direction of rise, and type and amount of surfa
19、ce treatments. Thethickness of the finished specimens must also be taken into account.These factors must be considered in order to compare materialson the same basis.5.3 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different testcondit
20、ions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test method to predictchanges in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditionsdescribed in this procedure.6. Apparatus6
21、.1 The apparatus shall be as shown in Figs. 1-6 and shall include the following:6.1.1 Test ChamberAchamber approximately 380 by 355 by 200 mm constructed of 1.251.50 mm steel sheet and fabricatedin accordance with Fig. 1.6.1.2 Laboratory BurnerConstructed in accordance with Specification D5025.NOTE
22、2It is acceptable to mount the burner on the door, as shown in Fig. 6, to ensure proper alignment.6.1.3 Gas SupplyMethane or natural gas having a heating value of 37 6 1 MJ/m3 .5 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varemb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20
23、, Switzerland.FIG. 1 Horizontal Flammability ChamberD5132 1726.1.4 Specimen Holder SupportA device capable of maintaining the specimen holder horizontally in place so that the top ofthe burner tube is positioned 19 mm below the top surface of the bottom U-shaped frame when placed in the specimen hol
24、dersupport, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The base of the support shall not obstruct the ventilation holes in the base of the cabinet.NOTE 3Limited data indicates that the use of a “drip tray” under the specimen holder does not significantly affect the test results. If differences areobserved by th
25、e testing laboratory, the drip tray shall be removed.6.1.5 Specimen HolderTwo matching U-shaped frames of non-corroding metal stock 25 mm wide and 10 mm high. Theinterior dimensions of the U-shaped frames are 50 mm wide by 330 mm long. A specimen that softens and bends at the flamingend so as to cau
26、se erratic burning is kept horizontal by supports consisting of thin, heat-resistant wires, spanning the width of theFIG. 2 Typical Specimen Holder SupportFIG. 3 Specimen Holder With Specimen Positioned in the Specimen Holder SupportFIG. 4 Typical Specimen HolderTwo Identical U-Shaped FramesD5132 17
27、3U-shaped frame under the specimen at 25-mm intervals. A device that is suitable for use for supporting this type of material is anadditional U-shaped frame containing the specimen, spanned by 0.25-mm wires of heat-resistant composition at 25 mm intervalsstarting 38 mm from the open end. The device
28、is inserted over the bottom U-shaped frame. See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.6.1.6 Timing DeviceA timer accurate to the nearest 0.1 s.6.1.7 Measuring DeviceA rule accurate to the nearest 1.0 mm.FIG. 5 Bottom U-FrameFIG. 6 Burner Position Inside CabinetD5132 1747. Hazards7.1 During the course of combustion, gas
29、es or vapors, or both, are evolved and have the potential to be hazardous. Precautionsshall be taken to protect the operator.8. Test Specimens8.1 A minimum of five specimens 100 6 5 mm wide by a minimum of 300 mm long by thickness up to a maximum of 13 mmare prepared by cutting from the test materia
30、l. If the test material has a coating, covering, or construction that is considereddirectional in nature, and it has a directional effect on the burning rate, then specimens are produced by cutting five specimens inboth the transverse and longitudinal directions.8.2 Cut specimens from uniform densit
31、y samples. The maximum thickness of any specimen shall be 13 mm. If any materialto be tested exceeds this, it shall be cut to the above thickness by a mechanical process applied to the side which does not facethe occupant compartment, so that the specimen shall include the primary surface of the par
32、t. In case of materials made of differentcomposition which are not composite materials, all the layers within a depth of 13 mm from the surface facing towards theoccupant compartment shall be tested individually, as shown at the Fig. 7. Any material that does not adhere to other materials atevery po
33、int of contact shall be tested separately.Any material that adheres to other materials at every point of contact shall be testedas a composite with other material(s). Record the information on specimen preparation in the test report.8.3 Where it is not possible to obtain a flat specimen because of t
34、he component configuration, cut the specimen to the maximumthickness of 13 mm at any point, from the area with the least curvature, and in such a manner as to include the face side.8.4 The minimum width and length of the specimen shall be 95 and 300 mm, respectively. Use the maximum available length
35、or width of a specimen (as described in 8.1) where either dimension is less than the specified values.8.5 For composites, laminates, or surface-treated samples, the side nearest to the compartment occupant shall be placed facingdown during testing.8.6 If the materials grain pattern or construction i
36、s such that it has a directional effect on the burning rate, conduct the testingin both the transverse and longitudinal directions, as described in 8.1. Test five specimens in each direction.9. Conditioning9.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, materials shall be conditioned for at least 24 h at 2362C an
37、d 50610 % relative humidityprior to testing.9.2 All specimens shall be tested in a laboratory atmosphere of 15 to 35C and 40 to 75 % relative humidity. For convenience,the specimens can be stored up to 1 h in closed polyethylene bags after conditioning and prior to testing.10. Procedure10.1 Place th
38、e test chamber inside a laboratory exhaust hood.NOTE 4The proper control of the hood is necessary to ensure the proper draft. Adjust the baffles or the exhaust motor speed, or both, so that the facevelocity of the hood shall be constant in the range of 0.1 m/s 75 ft/min. It is possible that the effe
39、ctiveness of the hood will change when the door tothe lab is opened and closed.10.2 Place samples with napped or tufted surface on a flat surface and comb twice against the nap using the metal comb at least110 mm in length, with seven to eight teeth per 25 mm.NOTE 1Material A has a non-adhering inte
40、rface with material B and is tested separately. Part of material B is within 13.0 mm of the occupantcompartment air space, and materials B and C adhere at every point of contact; therefore B and C are tested as a composite. The cut is in material C asshown, to make a specimen 13.0 mm thick.FIG. 7 Sp
41、ecimen Preparation (Illustrative Example)D5132 17510.3 Place the test specimen between the two matching U-shaped frames so that the frames hold both long sides and one endof the specimen.10.4 Place the burner remote from the specimen, ignite, and adjust it to produce a blue flame 38 6 2 mm high. Adj
42、ust the gassupply and the air ports of the burner until a yellow-tipped blue flame is produced and then increase the air supply until the yellowtip just disappears. Measure the height of the flame, and, if necessary, readjust to obtain a flame 38 mm high.10.5 Place the burner inside the open end of
43、the test chamber and position the burner to ensure that the center of the burner topis 19 6 1 mm below the center of the bottom edge of the specimen at the open end of the specimen holder when the specimenis in the specimen testing position.10.6 Place the mounted specimen in the horizontal testing p
44、osition in the specimen holder support inside the test chamber.10.7 Turn on the exhaust hood.10.8 Move the flame into contact with the specimen for a period of 15 s, then extinguish the exposure flame by turning off thegas supply or by removing the flame from under the specimen.10.9 Observe the lead
45、ing edge of the flame front, starting the timer when the scribed mark 38 mm from the open end of thesample holder is reached.10.10 Measure the time it takes the leading edge of the flame front to progress to the line scribed 292 mm from the open endof the top or bottom U-shaped frame. If the flame d
46、oes not reach this specified end point, time its progress to the furthest distancereached. If the specimen stops burning before it has burned for 60 s and has not burned more than 50 mm past the 38 mm scribedline, no burn rate is calculated.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the burning rate from the fol
47、lowing formula:B5D/T360 (1)where:B = burning rate, mm/min,D = length the flame traveled, starting from the first scribed line, mm, andT = time for the flame to travel distance D, s12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including generic
48、 description, manufacturer, commercial designation, andlot number, color and other information as requested.12.1.2 Directionality of the specimens, if pertinent. See 8.1 and 8.5.12.1.3 The thickness and type of specimens tested, that is, composite, laminate, finished section, cellular foam, etc.12.1
49、.4 Conditioning treatment.12.1.5 Any prior treatment before testing, other than cutting, trimming and conditioning.12.1.6 Number of specimens tested.12.1.7 Burnt distance in mm, and burning time, in seconds.12.1.8 All calculated single values of burning rate, in mm / min.12.1.9 Average burning rate in millimetres per minute when the flame reaches the specific end point. Report D and T separatelyfor each specimen when the flame propagation stops before reaching the end point.12.1.10 Describe observations of burning characteristics such as warping, mel
