1、Designation: D 5207 03Standard Practice forConfirmation of 20mm (50W) and 125mm (500W) TestFlames for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5207; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the confirmation of test flames forsmall-scale burning te
3、sts on plastic materials using the labora-tory burner described in Specification D 5025. Back pressuresand flow rates for methane, propane, and butane supply gasesare given for specific test flames. This practice describes aprocedure to confirm the heat evolution of the test flame.1.2 The values sta
4、ted in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describethe response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions and should not be used todescribe or appraise the fire-hazard or fire-risk of materials,products,
5、or assemblies under actual fire conditions. Results,however, of the test may be used as elements of a fire-hazardassessment or a fire-risk assessment, which takes into accountall of the factors, which are pertinent to an assessment of thefire hazard or fire risk of a particular end use.NOTE 1There i
6、s no similar ISO standard. This practice is equivalentin technical content to, but not fully corresponding in presentation with,the confirmatory procedures of IEC/TS 60695-11-3, Method A andIEC/TS 60695-11-4, Method A.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, a
7、ssociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics2D 3195 Practice
8、for Rotameter Calibration3D 5025 Specification for a Laboratory Burner Used forSmall-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials4E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards5E 220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples byComparison Techniques6E 230 Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables forStandardi
9、zed Thermocouples6E 608 Specification for Metal-Sheathed Base-Metal Ther-mocouples62.2 IEC Standards:IEC/TS 60695-11-3: Fire Hazard Testing-Part 11: TestFlames-Section 3: 500 W Flames: Apparatus and Confir-mational Test Methods7IEC/TS 60695-11-4 Ed. 2: Fire Hazard Testing-Part 11:Test Flames-Section
10、 4: 50 W Flame: Apparatus andConfirmational Test Methods73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this prac-tice, refer to Terminology D 883.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A test flame of specified height and color is obtainedwith gas supplied at a suggested back pressure and flow ra
11、te. Athermal sensor is then positioned over the flame, and the timefor the temperature of the sensor to increase from 100 to 700Cis determined. The time is used to confirm the heat-evolutionprofile of the test flame.5. Significance and Use5.1 The flame height and color (indicative of air-to-gasratio
12、) for a test flame have traditionally been specified in theindividual test method. The energy content of the flame hasalso been addressed by reference to a specific supply gas. It hasbeen determined that the supply-gas back pressure and flowrate can be varied without affecting the height and color o
13、f theflame. However, the energy content of the flame is affected.This practice provides the back pressure and flow rate of thesupply gas for a 20-mm (50W) and a 125-mm (500W) testflame, and a procedure for confirming the heat-flux profile ofthe test flame.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of
14、ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 5207 98.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Ann
15、ual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.7Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1*A Summary of Changes sectio
16、n appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Information is provided for test flames using methane,propane, or butane. Using this information, these supply gasescan be used interchangeably
17、with a standardized burner toproduce essentially the same test flame.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Chamber, enclosure or laboratory hood, free ofinduced or forced draft, having an internal volume of at least0.5 m3for the 20mm (50W) flame or 0.75 m3for the125mm (500W) flame.6.2 Laboratory Burner, constructed
18、in accordance withSpecification D 5025.6.3 Manometer/Pressure Gage, capable of measuring to 800mm of water, with increments of 5 mm.6.4 Flow MeterA rotameter calibrated in accordance withPractice D 3195, with correlation curves appropriate for thegas, or a mass flow meter with at least 2 % accuracy.
19、6.5 Thermal Sensory (Copper Slug and Thermocouple)Aslug constructed of high conductivity (electrolytic) copper withdimensions as shown in Fig. 1. A 1.76 6 0.01-g slug is used forthe 20-mm (50W) flame, and a 10.0 6 0.05-g slug is used forthe 125-mm (500W) flame. A Type K thermocouple with a0.5-mm dia
20、meter stainless steel sheath constructed in accor-dance with Specification E 608 should be peened into the topof the slug.6.6 Temperature IndicatorA potentiometer or temperatureindicator for Type K thermocouples capable of reading to800C. Calibrate the combination thermal sensor and tempera-ture ind
21、icator in accordance with the general proceduresoutlined in Method E 220. The initial calibration tolerance isdefined in Tables E 230.6.7 Ring Stand, with a clamp or equivalent device, adjust-able for positioning of the thermal sensor.6.8 Timer, stop watch or other suitable timing devicecapable of t
22、iming to the nearest 0.1 s.6.9 Gas SupplyA supply of methane, propane, or butane,with suitable regulator and meter for uniform gas flow.6.9.1 Methane, Technical grade, 98 % minimum purity,having a heating value of 37 6 1 MJ/m3at 25C. Natural gaswith a certified heating value of 37 6 1 MJ/m3should pr
23、ovidesimilar results.6.9.2 Propane, Technical grade, 98 % minimum purity,having a heating value of 94 6 2 MJ/m3at 25C.6.9.3 Butane, CP grade, 99 % minimum purity, having aheating value of 120 6 3 MJ/m3at 25C.7. Confirmation Procedure7.1 Locate the burner in a draft-free enclosure or hood.Connect the
24、 burner to the gas supply, in line with a controlvalve, flowmeter and manometer. See Fig. 2.7.2 Connect the leads of the Type K thermocouple to thetemperature indicator. Clamp the thermocouple sheath abovethe burner, along its central axis, so that the copper slug issuspended 75 mm minimum from the
25、clamp. See Fig. 3.7.2.1 20-mm (50W) Test FlamePosition the slug 10 6 1mm from the top of the burner.FIG. 1 Copper Slug for Thermal SensorD 5207 0327.2.2 125-mm (500W) Test FlamePosition the slug55 6 1 mm from the top of the burner.7.3 Move the burner away from the copper slug to ensure noinfluence o
26、f the flame on the slug during the preliminaryadjustment of the test flame.7.4 Start with the needle valve on the burner completelyopen, and the air-inlet openings closed or reduced to thesmallest setting. Set the gas-flow rate and back pressure for thetype of flame and gas supply. Ignite the flame.
27、7.4.1 20-mm (50W) Test FlameSet the gas flow rate asshown in Table 1. Adjust the needle valve so that the backpressure is also as shown in Table 1. Adjust the barrel airsupply so that a blue flame with no inner cone and an overallheight of 20 6 1 mm is produced, when viewed in subduedlight.NOTE 2Alt
28、ernate fuel gases such as propane or butane may be used ifa stable flame is obtained and the heat-evolution profile complies with7.9.1. The yellow tip may not disappear when using propane or butane.7.4.2 125-mm (500W) Test FlameSet the gas flow rate asshown in Table 2. Adjust the needle valve so tha
29、t the backpressure is also as shown in Table 2. Adjust the barrel airsupply so that a flame having an inner blue cone of 40 6 2mmand an overall height of 125 6 10 mm is produced, whenviewed in subdued light.7.5 Extinguish the flame and reposition the copper slug, ifnecessary.7.6 Reignite the flame a
30、nd allow the burner to operate for 5min to stabilize the working temperature.7.7 The initial temperature of the slug should be less than50C.7.8 Reposition the burner under the slug. Start the timerwhen the temperature of the slug reaches 100 6 2C. Stop thetimer when the temperature of the slug reach
31、es 700 6 3C.Record this time. Remove the burner and allow the slug to coolin air to less than 50C between determinations.NOTE 3If the copper slug has not been used before, conduct apreliminary run to condition the surface of the slug. Discard this firstresult. The slug should not be polished or clea
32、ned for subsequent use. Thepresence or absence of an oxide coating affects the thermal response of theslug to the flame.NOTE 4A small fan may be used to reduce the time to cool the slug.NOTE 5To avoid damage to the thermocouple, the flame should beremoved immediately or extinguished once the slug ha
33、s reached 700C.7.9 Repeat the heating procedure (see 7.7) two additionaltimes, and report the average of the three determinations.7.9.1 20-mm (50W) Test FlameThe time for the tempera-ture to rise from 100 6 2to7006 3C shall be 44 6 2s.7.9.2 125-mm (500W) Test FlameThe time for the tem-perature to ri
34、se from 100 6 2to7006 3C shall be 54 6 2s.7.10 If the temperature-rise time falls outside the specifiedrange, adjust the gas-flow rate and repeat the calibrationprocedure from 7.4.7.11 An example of a typical temperature response is shownin Fig. 4.8. Keywords8.1 confirmation; flammability; laborator
35、y burner; small-scale burning tests; test flamesFIG. 2 Burner Supply ArrangementFIG. 3 Confirmatory Test ArrangementTABLE 1 20-mm (50W) Test FlameGas Type MethaneFlow rate mL/min 105Back pressure mm water 10TABLE 2 125-mm (500W) Test FlameGas Type Methane Propane ButaneFlow rate mL/min 965 6 30 380
36、6 15 300 6 10Back pressure mm water 125 6 25 550 6 100 600 6 125D 5207 033SUMMARY OF CHANGESThis section identifies the location of selected changes to this practice. For the convenience of the user,Committee D20 has highlighted those changes that may impact the use of this practice. This section ma
37、y alsoinclude descriptions of the changes or reasons for the changes, or both.D 5207 - 03:(1) Title changed to coordinate with IEC versions and to reflectchanges in other ASTM standards using this standard.(2) Internal volume of test chamber added as per IEC stan-dards.(3) Tolerances for copper slug
38、s added as per IEC standards.(4) Purity of propane upgraded as per IEC standards.(5) Tolerances added to figures as per IEC standards.(6) Tables updated and aligned.D 5207 98:(1) Added ISO equivalency statement.(2) Updated Referenced Documents section.(3) Added Terminology section.(4) Added toleranc
39、es to numeric specifications.(5) Revised flame adjustment procedure in Section 7.(6) Added procedural notes in Section 7.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expres
40、sly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,
41、 either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may at
42、tend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 4 Typical Temperature ResponseD 5207 034
