1、Designation: D5222 08D5222 16Standard Specification forHigh Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes a high fire-point mineral oil based insulating fluid, for use as a dielectric and cooling mediu
3、min new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers and switchgear.1.2 High fire-point insulating oil differs from conventional mineral insulating oil by possessing a fire-point of at least 300C.High fire-point mineral insulating oils are also referred to as “less
4、flammable” mineral insulating oils.This property is necessaryin order to comply with certain application requirements of the National Electrical Code (Article 450-23) or other agencies. Thematerial discussed in this specification is miscible with other petroleum based insulating oils. Mixing high fi
5、re-point liquids withlower fire point hydrocarbon insulating oils (for example, Specification D3487 mineral oil) may result in fire points of less than300C.1.3 This specification is intended to define a high fire-point electrical mineral insulating oil that is compatible with typicalmaterial of cons
6、truction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in its application in thisapplication. The material described in this specification may not be miscible with electrical insulating liquids of non-petroleumorigin. The user should contact the manufacturer of
7、 the high fire-point insulating oil for guidance in this respect.1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating material oil as received prior to any processing. Information on in-servicemaintenance testing is available in appropriate guides.2 The user should contact the manufacturers of the
8、equipment or oil ifquestions of recommended characteristics or maintenance procedures arise.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Poin
9、ts by Cleveland Open Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD117 Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum OriginD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos
10、ity)D611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon SolventsD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD877D878 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk ElectrodesInorganic C
11、hlorides andSulfates in Insulating Oils (Withdrawn)D878 (Withdrawn 2015)4D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating LiquidsD924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of ElectricalInsulating LiquidsD971 Test Method for Interfacial
12、Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring MethodD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1275 Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
13、and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.01on Mineral.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2016. Published February 2008December 2016. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20002008as D522200.08. DOI: 10.1520/D5222-08.10.1520/D5222-16.2 Refer to American
14、National Standard C57.121 IEEE Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Less Flammable Hydrocarbon Fluid in Transformers.IEEE C57.121.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume inform
15、ation, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately dep
16、ict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19
17、428-2959. United States1D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)D1524 Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating
18、Liquids in the FieldD1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer TitrationD1816 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using VDE ElectrodesD2112 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure VesselD230
19、0 Test Method for Gassing of Electrical Insulating Liquids Under Electrical Stress and Ionization (Modified Pirelli Method)D2440 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Mineral Insulating OilD2668 Test Method for 2,6-di-tert-Butyl- p-Cresol and 2,6-di-tert-Butyl Phenol in Electrical Insulating Oil by
20、 Infrared AbsorpD2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and GasesD3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical ApparatusD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4059 Test Method for Analysis of Polych
21、lorinated Biphenyls in Insulating Liquids by Gas ChromatographyD4768 Test Method for Analysis of 2,6-Ditertiary-Butyl Para-Cresol and 2,6-Ditertiary-Butyl Phenol in Insulating Liquids byGas ChromatographyD5949 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)D5950
22、Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Tilt Method)2.2 National Fire Protection Association Standards:National Electrical Code, Article 450-2342.3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standard:C57.121 Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Less-Flammable Hydrocarbo
23、n Fluids and its Maintenance Fluid inTransformers53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of terms related to this specification are given in Terminology D2864. Significance of tests related to thisspecification can be found in Guide D117 and Specification D3487.4. Sampling and Testing4.1 Take all oil samples
24、 in accordance with Test Methods Practices D923.4.2 Perform each test in accordance with the ASTM test method specified in Table 1.NOTE 1Because of the different needs of various users, items relating to packaging, labeling, and inspection are considered to be subject tobuyer-sellersupplier-user agr
25、eement.NOTE 2In addition to all other tests listed herein, it is sound engineering practice for the apparatus manufacturer to perform an evaluation of insulatingoils in insulation systems, prototype structures, or full-scale apparatus, or any combination thereof, to ensure suitable service life.5. P
26、roperty Requirements5.1 High fire-point mineral insulating oil, as received, shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. The significance of theseproperties is covered in Guide D117.6. Keywords6.1 electrical insulating oil; fire point; flammability; insulating fluid; mineral insulating oil4 Availa
27、ble from the National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269.5 Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 E. 47th St., New York, NY 10017-2394.(IEEE), 445 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141,http:/www.ieee.org.D5222 162TABLE 1 Property Re
28、quirements for High Fire-Point MineralInsulating Oils, as ReceivedProperty Limit ASTM TestMethodPhysical:Visual examination Bright and clear D1524Color, ASTM units, max. 2.5 D1500Color, ASTM units, max 2.5 D1500Fire point, C, min. 300 D92Fire point, min, C 300 D92Flash point, C, min. 275 D92Flash po
29、int, min, C 275 D92Aniline Point, C, max. 125 D611Interfacial tension at 25 C, mN/m, min. 40 D971Interfacial tension, min, mN/m 40 D971Pour point, C, max. 21 D97Pour point, max C 21 D97 or D5949 orD5950ARelative density, 15 C, max. 0.91 D1298Relative density, 15/15 C, max 0.91 D1298 or D4052BViscosi
30、ty, kinematic, cSt, max. D445Viscosity, max, mm2/s at: D4450 C (32 F) 2500100 C 1440 C (104 F) 130.040 C 130100 C (212 F) 14.00 C 2500Electrical:Dielectric breakdown voltage at 60 Hz D1816VDE electrodes, min., kV at: D18161.02 mm (0.04 in.) gap 20AVDE electrodes, min kV at:2.03 mm (0.08 in.) gap 35A
31、1 mm gap 20CDisk electrodes, kV, min. 30 D8772 mm gap 35CGassing tendency, l/min., max. +30 D2300Gassing tendency, max, L/minute +30 D2300Dissipation factor at 60 Hz, %, max. D924Dissipation factor at 60 Hz, max, % D92425 C 0.05100 C 0.30Chemical:Corrosive sulfur non-corrosive D1275Inorganic chlorid
32、es and sulfates non-detectable D878Acid number, mg KOH/g, max. 0.03 D664 or D974Acid number, max, mg KOH/g 0.03 D664 or D974Water content, ppm, max. 35 D1533Water content, max, mg/kg 35 D1533Oxidation stability B 72 h: D2440Oxidation stabilityD , 72 h: D2440sludge, % by mass, max 0.15sludge, max % b
33、y mass 0.1acid number, mg KOH/g, max 0.30acid number, max, mg KOH/g 0.3Oxidation stability,B 164 hOxidation stabilityD , 164 hsludge, % by mass, max 0.30sludge, max, % by mass 0.2acid number, mg KOH/g, max 0.60acid number, max, mg KOH/g 0.4Oxidation stability (rotating bomb), minB195 D2112Oxidation
34、stability (pressure vessel test),min, minutesD195 D2112Oxidation inhibitor content, % bymass, max.0.40 D2668 or D4768Oxidation inhibitor content, max, % bymass0.40 D2668 or D4768PCB content, ppm: non-detectable D4059PCB content, mg/kg non-detectable D4059A In case of a dispute, Test Method D97 shall
35、 be used as the referee method.B In case of a dispute, Test Method D1298 shall be used as the referee method.D5222 163ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly
36、 advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, ei
37、ther reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend
38、. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Ind
39、ividual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured
40、 from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.C These test limits by Test Method D1816 are applicable only to as received newoils.Anew processed oil should ha
41、ve minimum breakdown strengths of 28 kV and56 kV for a 1.02 mm (0.04 in.) or 2.03 mm (0.08 in.) gap respectively.unused oils.D The values for oxidation tests are typical requirements expected from a type II oil(according to Specification D3487).All of the commercially available high fire-pointinsulating liquid contained liquids contain # 0.4 % of antioxidant.D5222 164
