1、Designation: D5234 92 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Guide forAnalysis of Ethylene Product1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5234; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers and provides direction for the analysisof ethylene product in a way that allows the analyst to know thepossible test methods,
3、the units of measure, and the potentialconcentrations range of possible components, so that theconsistency of the analytical measurements is improved. Thisguide is not intended to be used, nor to be construed in anyway, as a set of specifications for ethylene product.1.2 The values stated in SI unit
4、s are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limi
5、tations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2504 Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C2andLighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas ChromatographyD2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, andCarbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chroma-tographyD3246 Test Method f
6、or Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxida-tive MicrocoulometryD4178 Practice for Calibrating Moisture AnalyzersD4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels byHydrogenolysis and Rateometric ColorimetryF307 Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analy-sis3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 eth
7、ylene product, nhydrocarbon product containingat least 99.85 % mass ethylene.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 C4s, nsaturated and unsaturated four carbon hydro-carbon compounds.3.2.2 COS, ncarbonyl sulfide.3.2.3 GC, ngas chromatograph.3.2.4 FPD, nflame photometric detector.3.2.5 IC, nion chromatograph.3.2.6 MeOH,
8、nmethanol.3.2.7 NO, nnitric oxide.3.2.8 NO2,nnitrogen dioxide.3.2.9 O2,noxygen.3.2.10 sp. ion electrode, nspecific ion electrode.4. Significance and Use4.1 When the various producers and users of ethyleneproduct deal with the results obtained in analytical testing,inconsistency of units and test met
9、hods may cause majorerrors. This guide provides an overview of the typical concen-trations of the possible components found in ethylene product,the methods used in analysis, and the units of measure. Thisoverview is intended to be used to improve the consistency ofmethods and the units reported so t
10、hat errors are minimized.Each producer and user of ethylene product should immedi-ately review this guide to improve their awareness of thevarious analytical methods in use, the units of measure, andconcentration levels of the possible components.4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifi
11、cations,it can provide a starting point for the various parties to developmutually agreed upon specifications that meet their respectiverequirements. It can also be used as a starting point in findingsuitable test methods for ethylene components.5. Sampling5.1 In general, sample ethylene product usi
12、ng PracticeF307, or a similar method. Do not take liquid ethylene samplesin order to prevent over-pressuring of sample containers andelimination of fire and explosion hazards. Static electricity candevelop when discharging excess hydrocarbon at a fairly rapid1This guide is under the jurisdiction of
13、ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.D0.02on Ethylene.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D523492(2007).DOI: 10.1520/D5234-92R12.2F
14、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
15、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1rate from a sample cylinder to ambient conditions. Use agrounding system or strap.5.2 Reactive and Polar Components:5.2.1 Determination of reactive components, such as certainsulfur compounds, is generally believed to require specialsample container
16、s, such as fluorocarbon lined cylinders, orcontainers that have been specially passivated.5.2.2 It is very difficult to obtain a valid sample fordetermination of traces of polar compounds, such as water andammonia, in the laboratory. On-line analyzers, if available, oradsorption of the analyte at th
17、e sample source for subsequentlab finish are believed to yield the most accurate results.6. Composition and Test Methods6.1 Table 1 indicates possible composition ranges andASTM test methods for ethylene product.6.2 Table 2 lists other test methods known or believed to bein use7. Keywords7.1 ethylen
18、e; ethylene product concentration; ethylene testmethodsTABLE 1 Ethylene Test Methods (ASTM)ComponentConcen-trationsUnits Test MethodsEthylene 99.85 + % mass D2505Ethane 200 to 700 mg/kg D2505Methane 0.1 to 200 mg/kg D2505Propylene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg D2505Propane 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D2505Hydrogen 0.1 to 10 m
19、g/kg D2504Carbon monoxide 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D2504Carbon dioxide 0.1 to 10 mg/kg D2504Acetylene 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D2505Moisture 0.1 to 5 mg/kg See Table 2Alcohols 0.1 to 5 mg/kg See Table 2Total sulfur 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D3246 or D4468Oxygen 0.1 to 3 mg/kg D2504 or O2meterNitrogen 1 to 10 mg/kg D2504Ammonia 0.
20、1 to 2 mg/kg See Table 2Hydrogen sulfide 0.1 to 1 mg/kg Online analyzerCarbonyl sulfide 0.1 to 1 mg/kg See Table 2Total oxygenates 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2NO and NO20.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Benzene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2C4s 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Methyl acetylene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Ta
21、ble 2Propadiene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Chlorides 0.1 to 2 mg/kg See Table 2TABLE 2 Ethylene Test Methods (Non-ASTM)AComponents Possible Test MethodsMethane, ethane propane, pro-pylene, propadiene, methyl acet-ylene, acetyleneAn adaptation of Test Method D2505 isused by some labs. Others use a GC
22、 wide-bore capillary method. New technology of-fers narrow bore capillaries that separateall hydrocarbons in one analysis.H2,N2,O2, and CO An adaptation of Test Method D2504.CO2An adaptation of Test Method D2505.NO and NO2Chemiluminescence.Total sulfur Some labs use an adaptation of TestMethod D3246
23、; others use Test MethodD4468 with an oxy-hydrogen pyrolyzer.Benzene GC methods including wide bore capillary.Moisture Obtaining a valid sample for lab analysis isextremely difficult. Instead of a lab method,an ASTM study group developed, in 1982,a standard practice for calibrating moistureanalyzers
24、, Practice D4178. Several types ofportable and on-line analyzers are avail-able.C4s GC methods including wide bore capillary.Ammonia Some methods in use are:Acid absorption/Nessler finish.Acid absorption/specific ion electrode.Acid absorption/IC finish.Total oxygenates GC methods.Alcohols GC methods
25、 in use. Wide bore capillaryGC methods.COS GCFPD method.Chlorides Hall conductivity detector.AThis table gives possible ethylene test methods or techniques that are believedto be in use in the industry for testing. Inclusion of any test method in this table isnot to be construed as a recommendation
26、by ASTM for its use. Some of the testmethods in this list are ASTM test methods that are specified for other products,but are being used by some labs for ethylene analysis. However, use ofASTM testmethods beyond their scope is not recommended by ASTM. Precision and biasmay be adversely affected.D523
27、4 92 (2012)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such
28、 rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additi
29、onal standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the
30、ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D5234 92 (2012)3
