1、Designation: D5249 10 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forBacker Material for Use with Cold- and Hot-Applied JointSealants in Portland-Cement Concrete and Asphalt Joints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5249; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y
2、ear oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers backer material for cold- a
3、ndhot-applied joint sealant for use in portland-cement concrete orasphalt-pavement joints.1.2 This specification establishes basic requirements forsealant-backer material either in rod or strip form, that canwithstand the temperature of hot- or cold-applied sealantswithout excessive deformation.1.3
4、Sealant backer material serves one or more of thefollowing purposes:1.3.1 Limits the amount and depth of sealant applied to ajoint,1.3.2 Acts as a barrier interface to prevent backside adhe-sion (bondbreaker), and1.3.3 Provides a form to assist the sealant in developing ashape factor.1.4 The values
5、stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationpurposes only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if a
6、ny,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Stateme
7、ntsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC1016 Test Method for Determination of Water Absorptionof Sealant Backing (Joint Filler) MaterialC1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Poten-tial of Sealant BackingD545 Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillersfor Concrete Constructio
8、n (Nonextruding and ResilientTypes)D1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD1623 Test Method for Tensile and Tensile Adhesion Prop-erties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD5535 Terminology Relating to Formed-in-Place Sealantsfor Joints and Cracks in Pavements (Withdrawn 2009)3E1 Spe
9、cification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples ByComparison Techniques3. Terminology3.1 For definitions, refer to Terminology D5535.4. Classification4.1 Sealant backer material is available in three types:4.1.1 Type 1, shall be round rods of various
10、 diametersintended for use with cold- and hot-applied sealants.4.1.2 Type 2, shall be sheets or strips of various thicknesses,laminated or skived by the manufacturer but capable of beingfield laminated and used with cold- and hot-applied sealants.4.1.3 Type 3, shall be round rods of various diameter
11、slimited for use with cold-applied sealants.4.2 Type 1 and Type 3 rod materials are intended for useprimarily where there is a reservoir, either already existing orformed, such as a contraction joint, where the rod will limit thesealant depth and prevent the sealant from bonding to thebottom of the
12、joint reservoir (bond-breaker) thus eliminatingbottom-side adhesion.4.3 Type 2 strip material is intended primarily for use wherethere is an opening the full depth of the pavement, such as anexpansion joint for which it is desirable to have a filler material1This specification is under the jurisdict
13、ion of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.33 onFormed In-Place Sealants for Joints and Cracks in Pavements.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2010
14、as D5249 10. DOI:10.1520/D5249-10R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved versi
15、on of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1completely fill the opening and prevent or minimize theaccumulation of water or incompressible materials below thesealant.5. O
16、rdering Information5.1 Types 1, 2, and 3 backer material are available in a rangeof sizes, lengths, and diameters; they are available on reels, incoils, or in straight lengths. Consult the manufacturer forinformation on how to order.5.2 Backer material must be ordered by diameter or size inrelation
17、to the joint opening, usually 25 to 35 % larger than thejoint width.6. Materials6.1 Sealant backer material shall be easily compressed andinstalled in the joint reservoir. This material shall be heatresistant when used with hot-applied sealants.7. Physical Properties7.1 Physical properties of the se
18、alant backer material shallconform to the requirements of Table 1.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The product shall be clean, free of scale or foreignmatter, oil, or water which could wipe off on a joint sidewalland interfere with the proper cure or adhesion of the sealant.9. Test Methods9
19、.1 Water Absorption Tests for water absorption of theTypes 1 and 3 backing material shall be made in accordancewith Test Method C1016, Procedure B. Type 2 material shall betested in accordance with Test Method D545.9.1.1 For Type 2 material:WA 5W 3100262t(1)where:WA = water absorption by volume, %,W
20、 = weight of water absorbed, from tests made accordingto Test Methods D545,g,andt = thickness of 4 in. by 4 in. specimen, inches.9.1.2 For the purposes of this calculation,1gofwateroccupies 0.061 in.3at test conditions.9.2 DensityTests for density of Types 1 and 3 materialsshall be made in accordanc
21、e with Test Method D1622. Tests fordensity of Type 2 material shall be made in accordance withTest Methods D545.9.3 Tensile Strength Tests for tensile strength of Types 1and 3 materials shall be made in accordance with Test MethodD1623.9.4 Compression Deflection and RecoveryType 2 materialshall be t
22、ested in accordance with Test Methods D545. Type 1and 3 materials shall be tested in accordance with the followingprocedure.9.4.1 Significance and UseThis test method covers aprocedure for measuring the force necessary to compress thebacker material, and the percentage recovery of originaldimensions
23、 after removal of the compression load.9.4.2 Apparatus:9.4.2.1 An apparatus shall be provided having a flat com-pression plate larger than the specimen to be tested, connectedto a force measuring device, and mounted in such a mannerthat the specimen can be deflected (compressed) at a speed of0.5 to
24、2 in./min. The apparatus shall be arranged to support thespecimen on a level horizontal plate. The apparatus shall becapable of measuring the distance between the movable plateand the stationary plate.9.4.2.2 Calipers, capable of measuring 0.001 in.49.4.3 Test Specimens:9.4.3.1 Test specimens shall
25、be 6 6 0.125 in. lengths of thebacker material.9.4.3.2 Each test requires a minimum effective area of 3.0in.2When the effective area of a single length is less than 3 in.2,multiple lengths shall be used in a single test. When rod-shapedbacker material is less than34 in. in diameter, multiple lengths
26、are required for each test (see Table 2).9.4.4 Number of Test SpecimensTest three specimens foreach sample. The values reported shall be the mean of thoseobserved.9.4.5 Procedure:9.4.5.1 Place the test specimen in the center of the support-ing plate of the apparatus. Materials that are supplied in c
27、oilsoften have a tendency to curl. Place these samples between theplates in such a manner that the arc formed by the sample is inthe vertical plane.9.4.5.2 Bring the compression plate into contact with thespecimen so that the entire length of the test specimen is in4Brown and Sharp Model 579-1 or eq
28、uivalent has been found suitable. If you areaware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.TABLE 1 Physical Property Require
29、mentsProperty Type 1 Type 2 Type 3Density, lb/ft3(kg/m3), max 6 (96.1) 4 (64.1) 6 (96.1)Tensile strength, psi (kgf/cm2),min20 (1.41) N/A 20 (1.41)Water absorption, by volume,%, max0.5 0.5 0.525 % Compression deflectionforce, psi (kgf/cm2), max15 (1.06) 15 (1.06) 15 (1.06)Compression recovery, %, min
30、 90 90 90Heat resistance, F 392 5 392 5 N/AC 200 2.8 200 2.8 N/AMaximum shrinkage, % 10 % 10 % N/ATABLE 2 Multiple Specimen Requirements for Rod-ShapedBacker Materials for Compression Recovery TestingRod DiameterSpecimens Required for EachTest34 in. or larger 138 to58 in. 238 in. 3D5249 10 (2016)2co
31、ntact with both plates. No light should be visible anywherebetween the rod and the plate, except within12 in. of the endof the sample.9.4.5.3 Measure the original diameter of the rod by measur-ing the separation of the plates of the apparatus with thecalipers. Compress the rod 25 6 0.5 % of this thi
32、ckness at 0.5in./min. Record the reading of the load immediately.9.4.5.4 Hold the specimen at the specified deflection for 30s.9.4.5.5 Remove the load at a rate of 0.5 in./min. Carefullyobserve the specimen during the last 10 % of plate travel. Stopplate when contact is not maintained with the speci
33、mens. Thismay be observed when, except within12 in. of the ends, lightis visible along the length of the rod. Immediately measure andrecord the loss in diameter.9.4.6 Calculation:9.4.6.1 Calculate the 25 % compression deflection force,CD, per unit area of specimen, expressed in pounds force persquar
34、e inch (kilograms of force per centimeter square) asfollows:CD 5 F/A (2)where:F = force required to compress the specimen 25 % asmeasured in 9.4.5.3, lbf (kgf), andA = effective area of specimen compression contact surface,in.2, (cm2).For rods:A 5 0.66 dl (3)where:d = diameter of rod, in. (cm), andl
35、 = length of the sample, in. (cm).9.4.6.2 Calculate the compression recovery, CR,asaper-centage of the original diameter of thickness as follows:CR 5do5 d!/do3100 (4)where:do= original diameter, in. (cm), and,d= loss in diameter, in. (cm).9.4.7 Report:9.4.7.1 Report the average compression deflectio
36、n for thethree specimens tested in pounds force per square inch (kilo-grams of force per square centimeter).9.4.7.2 Report the average compression recovery for thethree specimens tested in percent.9.4.8 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias statements arebeing prepared. They will be added to this spe
37、cification whencompleted (see Practice C670).9.5 Heat Resistance for Types 1 and 2 Backer Material:9.5.1 Significance and UseThis test method is used todetermine the heat resistance of backer material.9.5.2 Apparatus:9.5.2.1 Insulated Oil Bath, capable of maintaining a uni-form and homogeneous tempe
38、rature of 392 6 9F. Anycommercial deep-fryer is sufficient.9.5.2.2 Thermometer, having a range from 170 to 500F (77to 260C) and conforming to the requirements of SpecificationE1. (For example, ASTM 11C Thermometer or ASTM 11FThermometer.)Thermometric device, shall be a liquid in glass thermometeror
39、Type K thermocouple with resolution of 2F(1C) and thecalibration verified in accordance with Test Method E220 atleast once a year. Use a liquid in glass thermometer conformingto Specification E1 or temperature measing device such asplatinum resistance thermometers as the reference.9.5.2.3 Drainage P
40、an or Absorbent Towel.9.5.2.4 Stop Watch or Timer, that reads out in seconds.9.5.2.5 Silicone Fluid,5100 cSt viscosity, or equivalent.9.5.2.6 Calipers, capable of measuring 0.001 in.9.5.2.7 Rule, capable of measuring 0.01 in. (1 mm).9.5.3 Test Specimens:9.5.3.1 Test specimens of the rod material sha
41、ll be cut 10 to12 in. long. (Types 1 and 3.)9.5.3.2 Test specimens of the slab or sheet material shall becut4by4in.6116 (102 by 102 mm) (Type 2).9.5.4 Procedure:9.5.4.1 Measure the original diameter of the rod with thecalipers. Measure the thickness of the slab or sheet with theruler.9.5.4.2 Fill in
42、sulated oil bath to a minimum depth of 3 in.with silicone fluid.5Heat fluid to 392 6 5F.9.5.4.3 Holding the specimen vertically over the oil bath,immerse approximately 2 in. of the specimen in the hot oil.9.5.4.4 Begin the dwell-time count upon immersion andleave the specimen immersed for the period
43、 of time designatedin Table 3.9.5.4.5 Remove the specimen at the end of the dwell-timeperiod and allow it to cool in the drain pan or on absorbenttowels for 1 min.9.5.4.6 Measure the diameter of the rod or thickness of theslab after immersion. Record the change in dimensions.9.5.4.7 Calculate the pe
44、rcent shrinkage as follows:S 5t 2 t1t3100 (5)where:t = original diameter or thickness of specimen, andt1= diameter or thickness after immersion.5Dow Corning 200 has been found suitable. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your
45、comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.TABLE 3 Specimen Dwell TimeSpecimen Diameter or Thickness Dwell Time, sLess than316 in. 2Equal to or greater than316 to less than716 in. 3Equal to or greater than716 to less than1516
46、in. 5Equal to or greater than1516 to less than 118 in. 8Equal to or greater than 118 to less than 138 in. 10Equal to or greater than 138 to less than 134 in. 15Equal to or greater than 134 in. 20D5249 10 (2016)39.5.4.8 The specimen is sufficiently heat resistant if theshrinkage is less than 10 % of
47、the original diameter or originalthickness.9.5.5 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias statements arebeing prepared. They will be added to this specification whenthey are completed.10. Rejection10.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification shall be rejected. Rejection s
48、hall be reportedto the manufacturer or supplier promptly and in writing. In thecase of dissatisfaction with the test results, the manufacturer orsupplier may request retesting.11. Package Marking11.1 Packages shall be marked with the following informa-tion:11.1.1 Name, brand, or trademark of the man
49、ufacturer,11.1.2 Quantity and size,11.1.3 ASTM designation, and11.1.4 Any other information that the manufacturer re-quires.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PRECAUTIONS ON USE AND APPLICATIONX1.1 Some of the conditions that have been identified toinfluence bubble formation in the sealant include a combina-tion of high moisture content in the concrete and highpavement surface temperatures, damaged or melted backermaterial, or air entrapment due to application equipmentmalfunctions.X1.2 The use of a back-up material or bond breaker i
