1、Designation: D 5275 03An American National StandardStandard Test Method forFuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) for PolymerContaining Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method measures the percent viscosity loss at100C of polymer-containin
3、g fluids using fuel injector shearstability test (FISST) equipment. The viscosity loss reflectspolymer degradation due to shear at the nozzle.NOTE 1Test Method D 2603 has been used for similar evaluation ofthis property. It has many of the same limitations as indicated in thesignificance statement.
4、No detailed attempt has been undertaken tocorrelate the results by the sonic and the diesel injector methods.Equipment and replacement parts are no longer available for Test MethodD 2603 as it is currently written. The test method is currently underrevision.NOTE 2This test method was originally publ
5、ished as Procedure B ofTest Methods D 3945. The FISST method was made a separate testmethod after tests of a series of polymer-containing fluids showed thatProcedures A and B of Test Methods D 3945 often give different results.1.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The i
6、nch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
7、bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of DynamicViscosity)D 2603 Test Method for Sonic Shear S
8、tability of Polymer-Containing OilsD 3945 Test Methods for Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a Diesel Injector Nozzle33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The polymer-containing fluid is passed through a dieselinjector nozzle at a shear rate that causes the less shear stablepolymer molecule
9、s to degrade. The resultant degradationreduces the kinematic viscosity of the fluid under test. Thereduction in kinematic viscosity, reported as percent loss of theinitial kinematic viscosity, is a measure of the shear stability ofthe polymer-containing fluid.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test met
10、hod evaluates the percent viscosity loss forpolymer-containing fluids resulting from polymer degradationin the high shear nozzle device. Minimum interference fromthermal or oxidative effects are anticipated.4.2 This test method is not intended to predict viscosity lossin field service for different
11、polymer classes or for differentfield equipment. Some correlation for a specific polymer typein specific field equipment can be possible.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus consists of two fluid reservoirs, a single-plunger diesel fuel injection pump with an electric motor drive,a pintle-type fuel injecti
12、on nozzle installed in a nozzle holder,and instrumentation for automatic operation. Annex A1 con-tains a more complete description of the apparatus.4,56. Reference Fluids6.1 Diesel fuel is required for adjusting the nozzle valveassembly to the prescribed valve opening pressure.6.2 Calibration fluid
13、TL-110745,6is used to verify that theshearing severity of the apparatus is within the prescribedlimits.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition appro
14、ved Dec. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 527592(1998)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati
15、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4The sole source of supply of the entire apparatus and spare parts (injectors)known to the committee at this time is Falex Corporation, 1020 Airpark Dr., SugarGrove, IL 60554.5If you are aware of alternative suppliers, pl
16、ease provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee1, which you may attend.6The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Tannas Co., 4800 James Savag
17、e Rd., Midland, MI 48642.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Precautions7.1 During operation, the line between the pump and thenozzle holder is under hi
18、gh pressure. The safety shield shouldbe in place when the apparatus is running. Stop the apparatusbefore tightening any fitting that is not properly sealed.7.2 During operation and during the setting of the valveopening pressure, the fluid is discharged from the nozzle athigh velocity and can inflic
19、t a serious wound if it strikes a partof the human body. Therefore, secure the nozzle assembly inposition before the test apparatus is started. Similarly, take careto shield the operator from the nozzle discharge during thepressure-setting step.8. Sampling8.1 The test fluid shall be at room temperat
20、ure, uniform inappearance and free of any visible insoluble material prior toplacing in the test equipment.8.2 After the test fluid has completed its twentieth cyclethrough the apparatus, drain it into a bottle for transfer to thekinematic viscosity measurement.9. Calibration9.1 Set the valve openin
21、g pressure of the diesel injectornozzle assembly to 20.7 6 0.35 MPa (3000 6 50 psi) by meansof a hand-actuated pump5,7and diesel fuel.9.2 Set the delivery rate of the pump to 534 6 12 cm3/minby the procedure described in Annex A1.9.3 Verify the shearing severity of the apparatus by runningthe standa
22、rd test procedure, described in 9.3.1, with referenceoil. Make this check every twentieth run when the apparatus isused frequently. Make this check before any other samples aretested if the apparatus has been idle for a week or more. Thekinematic viscosity at 100C for the sheared reference oil is to
23、be within the limits prescribed for the specific batch of thereference oil in use. For oil TL-11074,5,6the limits are 9.64 and9.94 mm2/s (cSt) at 100C.9.3.1 If the viscosity of the sheared oil does not fall withinthe above limits, make another shear test of the reference oil bythe standard procedure
24、. If the viscosity of the sheared oil stilldoes not fall within the limits, take steps to correct the ratinglevel of the test. Either mechanical difficulty or test techniqueis at fault.10. Procedure10.1 Shearing is accomplished by pumping the entire 100cm3test oil charge through the nozzle in succes
25、sive passes orcycles. One cycle consists of pumping the oil from the lowerreservoir (8)inFig. A1.1, through the nozzle (5), and into theupper reservoir (6). At the end of each cycle, when the entiretest oil charge has been collected in the upper reservoir (6), thepump (2) stops and the solenoid-oper
26、ated drain valve (7)opens, draining the oil into the lower reservoir (8). The pumpthen restarts automatically for the next cycle. This processrepeats for the number of cycles that have been set on the cyclecounter. At the end of the last cycle, both solenoid-operateddrain valves, (7) and (9)inFig. A
27、1.1, open and the test oildrains into the sample collection bottle (10).10.2 Flush the apparatus with three separate 100 cm3portions of the test oil as described in 10.2.1 and drain. Do notuse solvent as part of the flush at any time because it couldcause contamination.10.2.1 Pour the first 100 cm3c
28、harge of test oil into the lowerreservoir, (8)inFig. A1.1, through the funnel (14). Set thecycle counter for three cycles of the fluid through the nozzle,the pump timer for 15 s and the valve time for 20 s.NOTE 3These timer settings have been found satisfactory for all oilsnormally tested. The pump
29、time should be sufficient for all oil to bepumped through the nozzle and into the upper reservoir, (6)inFig. A1.1.The valve time should be sufficient for the oil to drain completely from theupper reservoir to the lower reservoir.10.2.2 Start the pump, (2)inFig. A1.1, and run until threecycles have b
30、een completed. Drain and discard the sheared oil.10.2.3 Similarly, run the second 100 cm3for two cycles andthe third 100 cm3flush for one cycle, draining and discardingeach flush.10.3 Pour 100 cm3of the test oil into the lower reservoirthrough the funnel. Set the cycle counter for 20 cycles. Set acl
31、ean 120 cm3(4 oz) bottle, (10)inFig. A1.1, under the draintube of the lower reservoir to receive the sheared sample. Startthe pump and run until the 20 cycles have been completed. Atthe end of the twentieth cycle, both drain valves, (7) and (9)inFig. A1.1, open automatically and the sample drains in
32、to thecollection bottle, (10).10.4 Measure the kinematic viscosity of the sheared oil anda sample of the unsheared oil at 100C by Test Method D 445.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the percentage loss of viscosity of thesheared oil as follows:VL 5 100 3 Vu2 Vs!/Vu(1)where:VL = viscosity loss, %,Vu= kin
33、ematic viscosity of unsheared oil at 100C, mm2/s(cSt), andVs= kinematic viscosity of sheared oil at 100C, mm2/s(cSt).12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Percentage viscosity loss as calculated in 11.1,12.1.2 Kinematic viscosity of the unsheared oil at 100C,12.1.3 Kinematic viscosi
34、ty of the sheared oil at 100C,12.1.4 Number of cycles,12.1.5 For reference oil runs, the batch number of thereference oil, and12.1.6 Specify this test method (ASTM D5275).7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Waukesha Engine Div., 1000 W. St. Paul Ave., Wa
35、ukesha, WI 53188. Part No.G-8187.D527503213. Precision and Bias813.1 The following criteria should be used for judging theacceptability of results:13.1.1 RepeatabilityThe difference between successivetest results, obtained by the same operator with the sameapparatus under constant operating conditio
36、ns on identical testmaterial would, in the long run, and in the normal and correctoperation of the test method, exceed the following value onlyin one case in twenty: 1.19 %.13.1.2 ReproducibilityThe difference between two singleand independent results, obtained by different operators work-ing in dif
37、ferent laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, and in the normal and correct operation of the testmethod, exceed the following value only in one case in twenty:5.22 %.NOTE 4The indicated repeatability and reproducibility values repre-sent the subtractive difference between the
38、 reported percentage viscosityloss values for the two determinations being compared.13.1.3 BiasAll test results are relative to those of Cali-bration Fluid TL-11074.5,6Therefore no estimate of bias can bejustified.14. Keywords14.1 fuel injector; polymer containing fluids; VII; shearstabilityANNEXES(
39、Mandatory Information)A1. DETAILS OF FUEL INJECTOR SHEAR STABILITY TEST (FISST)A1.1 Apparatus:A1.1.1 Fig. A1.1 shows the test schematically. A cyclecounter, pump timer, valve timer, main power switch, and drainvalve switch are mounted on an instrument panel not shown inFig. A1.1.A1.1.2 Specification
40、s for the Fuel Injection Parts:NOTE A1.1The parts have not changed; only the parts supplier andpart number have changed. Previous parts may be used until supply isexhausted.A1.1.2.1 Diesel Fuel Injection Pump (2) in Fig. A1.1),Waukesha pump 106712G that contains: Plunger and barrelassembly, 8.0 mm,
41、PPK 1/2ZG (17)inFig. A1.2), camshaft,6/1, PAC 26/1X (34) in Fig. A1.2), delivery valve assembly,6.0 mm cuffless, PVE 67/1Z (16)inFig.A1.2), plunger springSP 769 CA (31)inFig. A1.1), and tappet assembly TP7615-1A (19)inFig. A1.1).A1.1.2.2 Nozzle Holder, (4) in Fig. A1.1), Waukesha P/N110743.8Supporti
42、ng data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR: D021131. This test method wasformerly Procedure B of Test Method D 3945.FIG. A1.1 Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) (Schematic)D5275033A1.1.2.3 Nozzle Valve, (5) in Fig. A1.1), Wa
43、ukesha P/N110700.NOTE A1.2Take great care to avoid damage to the precision parts ofthe fuel injection equipment, namely the pump plunger and barrel (17)inFig. A1.2) and the nozzle valve assembly (5)inFig. A1.1). Service workon the injection equipment should be performed by a diesel fuel injectionpum
44、p specialist or with reference to the manufacturers service manual.A1.1.2.4 Nozzle Holder/Valve Assembly, (4 and 5) in Fig.A1.1), Waukesha P/N A75067E.A1.1.3 Motor, 2.25 kW (3 hp), 1725 rpm, 230 V, 60 Hz,182T frame (1)inFig. A1.1).A1.2 Method for Setting Injection Pump Rack:A1.2.1 Preparation:A1.2.1
45、.1 Remove delivery valve holder (12) (numbers inparentheses refer to Fig. A1.2). Leave the body of the deliveryvalve (16) in place, but remove the internal check. Leave thedelivery valve gasket (15) in place. The top of the pumpplunger will be visible through the bore of the delivery valvebody.A1.2.
46、1.2 Turn pump shaft (34), watching the top of theplunger (17) through the bore of the delivery valve body, untilthe plunger is at the bottom of its stroke.A1.2.1.3 Insert a rod 4 mm (0.158 in.) in diameter by 40mm (1.575 in.) or longer down through the open delivery valvebody (16) and measure how hi
47、gh it stands above the top of thepump housing (1) to the nearest 0.50 mm (0.020 in.).A1.2.1.4 Rotate the pump shaft until the rod moves upward5 mm (0.197 in.). Mark the pump shaft or coupling so that itcan be reset to this position again later.A1.2.1.5 Taper one end of a length of stiff plastic tran
48、slu-cent tubing (for example, 6.4 mm (0.252 in.) in diameter by130 mm (5.118 in.) long nylon). Force the tapered end into thebody of the delivery valve (16). Attach to it a 200-mm (7.874in.) length of 8 mm (0.315 in.) diameter flexible tubing.A1.2.1.6 Put sufficient light oil (such asa4to5mm2/s (cSt
49、)at 100C neutral oil) in the reservoir to cover the inlet to thepump (26). Turn the pump shaft as necessary to let oil rise inthe nylon tube at the delivery valve.A1.2.1.7 Set the control rack (27) at about two-thirds fullopen position (rack moved away from coupling).A1.2.1.8 Set pump shaft or coupling at the position estab-lished in A1.2.1.4.A1.2.1.9 Blow into or apply light air pressure to the tubeattached to the delivery valve. The oil level in the translucenttube should not change.A1.2.2 Adjustment:A1.2.2.1 Open the rack (27)inFig. A1.2) slowly u
