1、Designation: D 5301 92 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Practice forPhysical Characterization of Paint Brushes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5301; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the dimensions, terminology, ma-terials and characteristics generally considered of importanceto those
3、within, or dealing with paint brushes, and describesmethods of determining these parameters. This practice is notmeant to be a definitive analytical method to deformulatebrushes.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationon
4、ly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Terminolo
5、gy2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 chisel (or chiseled)a description of the configura-tion of the tip of the brush as being of a more or less convexshape across the thickness dimension.2.1.2 flat tipa description of the configuration of the tip ofthe brush as being flat or of uniform length across the thicknes
6、sdimension.2.1.3 flaggeda term describing the tip of a filament orbristle as being split resulting in a multiplicity of filament ends.2.1.4 tippeda term describing the tip of a filament orbristle as coming to a point.2.1.5 microtomea device for holding a number of filamentor bristle materials in a r
7、igid state for a cross sectionalexamination under a microscope (see Fig. 1).3. Significance and Use3.1 It is important to recognize that a brush can be a mixtureof several chemically different filaments or bristles, or both, inseveral cross sections, thicknesses and lengths. The followingprocedures
8、will be helpful in identifying brush composition.4. Determination of Head Dimensions4.1 WidthDetermine the width by measuring the brushingmaterial adjacent to the ferrule in the wide or broad dimension,using any accurate linear measuring device. Report dimensionsto the nearest 3 mm (18 in.).4.2 Thic
9、knessDetermine the thickness by measuring thebrushing material adjacent to the ferrule, in the narrow dimen-sion, using any accurate linear measuring device. Reportdimensions to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.).4.3 Length Clear (Length Out)Determine the length bymeasuring the exposed filament or bristle l
10、ength from the edgeof the ferrule to its tip, using any accurate linear measuringdevice. Measure the brush on each end of the width andaverage the measurements so obtained to give the mean value.Report dimensions to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.).NOTE 1In the case of an angular sash brush, indicate whet
11、her theferrule is angular or straight.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.61 onPaint Application Tools .Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1992. Published December
12、1992.FIG. 1 Microtome1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Brush Tip Configuration5.1 Describe the configuration at the tip of the head aschiseled or flat (see 2.1.1 and 2.1.2).6. Brushing Material Characteristics6.1 Cro
13、ss-Sectional ShapeDetermine the cross-sectionalshape of the filaments or bristles by inserting a representativesample of brushing material into the slot of a microtome,cutting the material flush with the surface of the microtomewith a razor blade, and examining it visually with a 303 orgreater micro
14、scope. Report the observations of filament shapesfor example, round, solid, hollow or others.6.2 Filament or Bristle LengthDetermine the lengths ofthe filaments or bristles used in a brush by opening the ferruleand removing the filaments from that portion of the brushunaffected by the chisel. Measur
15、e a representative number ofspecimens to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.), and report the lengthor various lengths.6.3 Filament or Bristle Thickness and ProfileRemove arepresentative sample of filaments or bristles (10 to 20) fromthe brush as described in 6.2 and measure their thickness ordiameter using a
16、 micrometer. Take measurements with a dialmicrometer near each end. Those having the same measure-ment on each end are termed “level” and only one dimensionis expressed; those having differences by 2 mils or more aretermed “tapered” and the two dimensions are expressed as“thicker dimension/thinner d
17、imension.” Express dimensions inthousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter.6.4 Filament or Bristle ColorDetermine how many dif-ferent color filaments are present. This will assist in separatingthe filament sample, once taken, into the various filament typesfor proper analysis. Often, filam
18、ents of different compositionare colored differently as well.6.5 Chemical CompositionMaterial chemical composi-tion may be determined by removing a representative sampleof filaments or bristles and subjecting them to conventionalanalytical methods. Burning odor and behavior, solubility,density, melt
19、ing point, and infra red spectroscopy are all usefultechniques for estimating chemical composition. It is importantwhen determining chemical composition that a uniform andhomogeneous sample of filaments be used.6.6 Finishing (Processing)Observe finishing on the tipsof the filaments or bristles, such
20、 as tipping or flagging, byvisual examination with a 103 magnifying glass (see 2.1.3 and2.1.4).7. Ferrule Characteristics7.1 Ferrule Dimensions:7.1.1 Measure the shorter dimension (thickness) of theopening of the ferrule to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.).7.1.2 Measure longer dimension (width) of the ope
21、ning ofthe ferrule to the nearest 3 mm (18 in.).7.1.3 Measure dimension across the closed part of theferrule (height) to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.).7.2 Ferrule Material:7.2.1 Determine the surface material of the ferrule byconventional chemical analysis. Usual materials are tin platedsteel, nickel p
22、lated steel, lacquer coated brass or copper platedsteel and stainless steel.7.2.2 Determine if the surface is lacquered by vigorouslyrubbing the ferrule using a cloth wetted with a solvent such asacetone or butyl acetate. If lacquered, the finish will dissolve.7.3 Ferrule ShapeDescribe the shape of
23、the ferrule open-ing as rectangular (having corners), straight with rounded ends,oval, or other.8. Handle8.1 Determine the length of the handle by simple measure-ment from the handle tip to the ferrule expressed to the nearest116 in. (1 mm).8.2 Describe the handle material as wood, plastic, or other
24、.8.3 Describe the handle finish (sealed, lacquered, none).8.4 Describe the handle style, for example, beavertail, flatsash, kaiser, pencil or others (see Fig. 2).9. Handle Attachments9.1 Describe the attachment method of the ferrule to thehandle as stapled, nailed or crimped.9.2 Describe the fit of
25、the handle to the ferrule.10. Brush Style10.1 Report the style of the brush, such as varnish/enamel,wall, flat sash, angular sash or other (see Fig. 3).11. Keywords11.1 paint brush; physical characterizationFIG. 2 Common Brush Handle StylesFIG. 3 Common Paint Brush StylesD 5301 92 (2002)2ASTM Intern
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27、heir own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand shoul
28、d be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Stand
29、ards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 5301 92 (2002)3
