1、Designation: D5361/D5361M 16Standard Practice forSampling Compacted Asphalt Mixtures for LaboratoryTesting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5361/D5361M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes a procedure for removal of asample of compacted asphalt mixture from a pavement forlaborator
3、y testing.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
4、conformance with the standard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of t
5、hesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D8 Terminology Relating to
6、 Materials for Roads and Pave-mentsD3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-terialsD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials3. Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology D84. Significance and Use4.1 Samples obtained in accordanc
7、e with the proceduregiven in this practice may be used to measure many differentproperties of a compacted asphalt pavement including, but notlimited to, pavement thickness, density, resilient or dynamicmodulus, tensile strength, Marshall or Hveem stability, or forextraction testing, to determine asp
8、halt content, asphaltproperties, and mix gradation.NOTE 1The quality of the results produced by this standard aredependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedureand the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Specificatio
9、n D3666 are generallyconsidered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance withSpecification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions ofSpec
10、ification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides ameans of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.5. Apparatus5.1 To minimize distortion of the compacted asphaltcourse(s), power equipment shall be used to secure the sample.The equipment may be either a core drill or power saw.
11、5.2 The cutting edge of the core drill bit shall be of hardenedsteel or other suitable material with diamond chips embeddedin the metal cutting edge.5.3 Saw blades used in a power saw shall be either ahardened metal blade with diamond chips embedded or anabrasive blade such as carborundum or similar
12、 material.5.4 A source of cooling water, dry ice, liquid nitrogen, orother cooling material is normally required but in some casesmay be omitted when only a single sample is to be secured. Ifat any time there is evidence of damage to the edge of thesample due to the generation of heat caused by fric
13、tion, acooling material shall be applied to the cutting tool or to thepavement surface to minimize sample distortion or otherdamage.5.5 A device (core debonder) for separating core samplesfrom underlying layers is not required to be used. If suchdevice is employed, it shall be a metal semicircle wit
14、h an insideradius equal to the outside radius of the core and shall have arigidly attached handle. A split core barrel of the required1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road andPaving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.30 onMethods of Sampli
15、ng.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5361/D5361M 14.DOI: 10.1520/D5361_D5361M-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.
16、For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1radius cut in half vertically and welded to a strap iron handleis sui
17、table for this purpose. (See Fig. 1.)NOTE 2Differences in manufacturers tolerances of core barrelsdiameters and thicknesses may result in a particular barrel not fitting intothe kerf. In such cases, other means may have to be used for debonding.5.6 A lifting device (core lifter) for removing core sa
18、mplesfrom holes will preserve the integrity of the core. The deviceshall be a steel rod of suitable length and with a diameter thatwill fit into the space between the core and the pavementmaterial. There shall be a 90 1.57 rad bend at the top to forma handle and a 90 1.57 rad bend at the bottom, app
19、roxi-mately 50 mm 2 in. long, to form the lifter.6. Sampling6.1 Select the locations to be sampled by a random methodfrom the material in place. Random sampling procedures asoutlined in Practice D3665 shall be followed when samplesobtained will be used in conducting quality control/qualityassurance
20、tests. Obtain at least three samples (cores) selected atrandom from the lot being sampled. Test each sample andaverage the test results to determine the acceptability. Take allsamples from the roadway for the full depth of the material,taking care to exclude any underlying material. Each sampleshall
21、 be obtained in such a manner as to ensure a minimumdisturbance of the material. Samples obtained using non-random procedures must be used for informational purposesonly and not included in statistically based quality control/quality assurance programs6.2 The sampling plan must include a clear defin
22、ition as towhether samples shall be taken adjacent to the pavement edgeor construction joints where density may be slightly lower thanin the main portion of the paving lane.NOTE 3Variations in the pavement condition that can be detected byvisual inspection may dictate that samples be taken from area
23、s soidentified, apart from the random sampling plan. However, non-randomsamples violate the principles behind statistically based quality control/quality assurance testing programs.6.3 The number of samples to be secured will be inaccordance with governing specifications or sampling plan forthe lot
24、size involved. When no specific guidelines are available,take a sufficient number of samples to achieve the desiredstatistical confidence level, but no less than three.7. Sampling Compacted Asphalt Pavement7.1 Samples taken from the compacted pavement by coredrill shall have a minimum nominal diamet
25、er of 100 mm 4 in.and extend the full depth of the lift(s) being sampled. If testresults appear to be erratic or biased in a way attributable tosample size, take larger samples. In order to minimize damage,use a lifting device as described in 5.5 and 5.6 to remove thecore from the hole.7.1.1 When co
26、red samples are to be used for resilient ordynamic modulus tests, the sample must form a right cylinderwith the top and bottom perpendicular to the axis. The sampleshall comply with the requirements of the particular testmethod involved.7.1.2 To separate the sample from the underlying layer,insert t
27、he device described in 5.5 into the kerf and exert agentle pressure toward the sample. Do not attempt to pryupward on the sample. If the bond is not broken between thepavement courses, it will be necessary to secure a sample forthe entire pavement depth.7.1.3 To remove the sample from the hole, inse
28、rt the devicedescribed in 5.6 into the kerf, turn the device approximately90, and lift gently until the sample can be grasped by hand.7.2 Samples taken from the compacted pavement by sawingshall have a minimum surface area of 10 000 mm216 in.2 andbe cut in such a manner as not to disturb the sample
29、density.Cutting and removing a 50 mm 2 in. wide section surround-ing the sample will aid in removal of the portion(s) to be tested.Screwdrivers, chisels, and other sharpened tools used to breakthe bond between a compacted course and the underlyingpavement may cause distortion that will result in an
30、erroneousdensity determination. If test results appear to be erratic orbiased in a way attributable to sample size, take larger samples.7.3 Transport samples obtained using procedures describedin 7.1 or 7.2 on a smooth board, top side down, to retain theshape of the original surface. Careless handli
31、ng may nullifyany test results obtained.NOTE 4When the weather is very hot, an ice chest or similar deviceFIG. 1 Core DebonderD5361/D5361M 162may be considered for use while transporting the sample to the laboratory.7.4 When the only purpose of sampling is to measurepavement thickness, samples of sm
32、aller dimensions than pre-scribed in 7.1 and 7.2 are not prohibited from being used.8. Separation of Pavement Courses8.1 If more than one pavement course exists, separationshall be by one of the methods listed:8.1.1 Separate the pavement courses by cutting apart with asaw blade while spraying coolin
33、g water on the saw blade tominimize the generation of excessive heat. As an alternative,freeze the core and separate the courses with the saw bladewhile frozen. When using this method, it is recommended thatthe saw operator wear all necessary safety equipment (that is,safety glasses, gloves, etc.).8
34、.1.2 As an alternative, separation of two pavement coursesshall be achieved by striking a swift heavy blow on a chisel atthe point of bonding between the two courses. Separation bythis procedure is more effectively achieved if the sample iscooled below freezing.9. Report9.1 The test report(s) shall
35、include a statement as to themethod employed for removal of the sample from the com-pacted pavement.10. Keywords10.1 asphalt; compacted; coring asphalt pavement; equip-ment for sampling asphalt pavement; pavement sampling;sawing asphalt pavementASTM International takes no position respecting the val
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38、rters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standa
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