ASTM D5372-2004(2009) Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids《烃类热传导液体评价的标准指南》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 5372 04 (Reapproved 2009)An American National StandardStandard Guide forEvaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope21.1 This guide provides information, without specific limits,for selecting standard test methods f
3、or testing heat transferfluids for quality and aging. These test methods are consideredparticularly useful in characterizing hydrocarbon heat transferfluids in closed systems.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD91 T
4、est Method for Precipitation Number of LubricatingOilsD92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD97 Test Method for Pou
5、r Point of Petroleum ProductsD 189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Car
6、bon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD 893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating OilsD 1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Productsat Reduced PressureD 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Spec
7、ificGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD 1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Prod-ucts (ASTM Color Scale)D 2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-matic Viscosity at 40 and 100CD 2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductiv
8、ity of LiquidsD 2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and SolidsD 2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution ofPetroleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD 4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue(Micro Method)D 6743 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic HeatTransfer Fl
9、uidsE 659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of LiquidChemicalsG4 Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Appli-cations3. Terminology3.1 Description of Term Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 heat transfer fluida petroleum oil or related hydro-carbon material which remains essentially a liq
10、uid whiletransferring heat to or from an apparatus or process. Smallpercentages of nonhydrocarbon components such as antioxi-dants and dispersants can be present.4. Significance and Use4.1 The significance of each test method will depend uponthe system in use and the purpose of the test method as li
11、stedunder Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM testmethods.5. Recommended Test Procedures5.1 Pumpability of the Fluid:5.1.1 Flash Point, closed cup (Test Method D 93)This testmethod will detect low flash ends which are one cause ofcavitation during pumping. In closed systems, especially w
12、henfluids are exposed to temperatures of 225C (approximately400F) or higher, the formation of volatile hydrocarbons by1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.L0.06on Non-Lubricating Process F
13、luids.Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published July 2009. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 5372 04.2The background for this standard was developed by a questionnaire circulatedby ASTM-ASLE technical division L-VI-2 and reported in Lubrication Engineer
14、-ing, Vol 32, No. 8, August 1976, pp. 411416.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM
15、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.breakdown of the oil may require venting through a pressurerelief system to prevent dangerous pressure build-up.5.1.2 Pour Point (Test Method D 97)The pour point canbe used as an approximate guide to t
16、he minimum temperaturefor normal pumping and as a general indication of fluid typeand low temperature properties. Should a heat transfer systembe likely to be subjected to low temperatures when not in use,the system should be trace heated to warm the fluid aboveminimum pumping temperature before sta
17、rt-up.5.1.3 Viscosity (Test Method D 445)Fluid viscosity is ofimportance in the determination of Reynolds and Prandtlnumbers for heat transfer systems, to estimate fluid turbulence,heat transfer coefficient, and heat flow. Generally, a fluid that isabove approximately 200 centistokes is difficult to
18、 pump. Thepump and system design will determine the viscosity limitrequired for pumping. The construction of a viscosity/temperature curve using determined viscosities can be used toestimate minimum pumping temperature.5.1.4 Specific Gravity (Test Method D 1298)Hydraulicshock during pumping has been
19、 predicted via the use of acombination of density and compressibility data.5.1.5 Water Content (Test Method D 95)The water con-tent of a fresh heat transfer fluid can be used to indicate howlong the heat transfer system must be dried out duringcommissioning, while raising the bulk oil temperature th
20、roughthe 100C plus region, with venting, before the system can besafely used at higher temperatures. The expansion tank shouldbe full during the operations to ensure that moisture is safelyvented in the lowest pressure part of the systems. Positivenitrogen pressure on the heat exchange systems will
21、minimizeentry of air or moisture. Heat transfer systems operating attemperatures of 120 or greater must, for reasons of safety, bedry, because destructive high pressures are generated whenwater enters the high temperature sections of the system.Heating the oil before it is placed in service also rem
22、oves mostof the dissolved air in the oil. If not removed, the air can causepump cavitation. The air can also accumulate in stagnant partsof the system at high pressure and could cause an explosion.5.2 Safety in Use:5.2.1 Autoignition Temperature (Test Method E 659)Theabove test relates to the autoig
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