1、Designation: D5417 11Standard Practice forOperation of the Vettermann Drum Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par
2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes the equipment and operation ofthe Vettermann drum tester for testing pile yarn floor coveringto produce changes in appearanc
3、e and color due to changes insurface structure by mechanical action.1.2 This practice is only applicable for use in testing unusedpile floor covering of all types. It is not applicable for use intesting used pile yarn floor coverings.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas sta
4、ndard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this s
5、tandard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD5684 Terminology Relating to Pile
6、 Floor Coverings3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to Pile Floor Coverings,D13.21, refer to Terminology D5684.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:carpet, finished, finished pile yarn floor covering, floor cover-ing, lengthwise direction, pile, pile lay, pile yarn
7、 floor cover-ing, pitch, practice, primary backing, secondary backing,textile floor covering, texture, tufted fabric.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer toTerminology D123.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The test specimen is mounted in the rotatable drum withthe pile surface towards t
8、he center of the drum and the edgesunder the retaining segments. A steel ball, with 14 rubber studsrolls randomly inside the drum on the pile surface for aspecified number of revolutions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This equipment may be used to bring about the changesin texture on the surface of pile
9、 floor covering caused bymechanical action.5.2 The acceptance criteria of this practice shall be set bymutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.6. Apparatus and Material6.1 Vettermann Drum Tester (See Fig. 1):6.1.1 Drum, incorporating a revolution counter and fouradjustable retaining
10、segments (thickness: 0.60 6 0.03 in.(15 6 1 mm) on each side wall of the drum. A free-runningcircular brush mounted in such a way that it lightly contacts thesurface of specimens and loose fibers are continuously ex-tracted by a vacuum cleaner. A vulcanized fiber backing sheet93.3 by 10.6 by 0.06 in
11、. (2320 by 270 by 1.5 mm) is looselylaid inside the drum. This sheet remains permanently in thedrum.6.1.2 The Vettermann drum dimensions are as follows:Internal diameter 28.70 6 0.39 in. (730 6 10 mm)Internal depth 10.60 6 0.20 in. (270 6 5 mm)Effective depth 9.40 6 0.28 in. (240 6 7 mm)Thickness of
12、 curved surface 0.31 6 0.02 in. (8 6 0.5 mm)6.1.3 Driving System, with a speed of 1.65 rad/s (16 6 1rpm) and the direction of rotation is reversed every fiveminutes, stopping between reversals for approximately 1 s timeintervals, with approximately one second stationary time.1This practice is under
13、the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D541705. DOI:10.1520/D5417-11.2For r
14、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
15、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.4 Protective Cage, fits over the drum and must be inplace prior to Vettermann drum rotation.6.1.5 Round Steel Ball, fitted with fourteen cylindricalrubber studs located equally spaced on the ball surface. Thestuds are replaceable and are screwed in
16、to flat faces on thesurface of the ball. (See Fig. 2.):Diameter of ball 4.70 6 0.01 in. (120.0 6 0.2 mm)Distance between diametricallyopposed flat stud-mountingfaces4.60 6 0.01 in. (118.0 6 0.1 mm)Mass without studs 15.0 6 0.2 lb (6800 6 100 g)Mass with studs 16.8 6 0.2 lb (7600 6 100 g)6.1.6 Replac
17、eable Rubber Studs, are a composite rubberdisk attached to a steel backing plate with integral mountingscrew. The dimensions are:Diameter 1.54 6 0.02 in. (39.0 6 0.5 mm)Total height includingbacking plate0.59 6 0.02 in. (15.0 6 0.5 mm)Thickness of steelbacking plate0.12 in. (3 mm)Rubber hardness 48
18、6 3 Type A6.1.6.1 The studs must be replaced after 500 000 revolu-tions of the drum. Unscrew the old studs and replace with newstuds ensuring that each stud is properly tightened. Placedisposable specimens in the drum tester and condition the newstuds by running the tester for 10 000 revolutions wit
19、h the steelball inside.6.1.7 Vacuum Cleaner, upright type, with a rotating brushand beater bar, unless this type of apparatus is not recom-mended by the manufacturer of the pile floor covering undertest, in that case the appropriate recommended device shouldbe used.6.1.8 Cleaning Frame, with a centr
20、al rectangular aperture toreceive the test specimen. The frame should be the samematerial as the test specimen or similar in construction to thetest specimen. To ensure proper cleaning by the vacuumcleaner, it is recommended the frame and test specimen bemounted on a rigid backing sheet.7. Reagent7.
21、1 SolventEthyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH) or technicalgrade iso-propyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH) are suitable. Do notuse cellosolve, chlorinated or ketone solvents.8. Preparation of Specimen8.1 Marking SpecimenBefore cutting out the test speci-men, mark on the secondary backing the direction of manu-facture with
22、 the head of the arrow pointing in the samedirection as the lay of the pile.8.2 Size of SpecimenCut the specimen approximately22.4 by 10.4 in. (570 by 265 mm). The long dimension shall beparallel to the lengthwise direction of the carpet. Take nospecimen within 4 in. (100 mm) of the trimmed selvage.
23、8.2.1 When testing thick pile floor covering, it may benecessary to shorten the specimen length to approximately 22in. (565 mm).8.3 PreparationClean the specimen with an uprightvacuum cleaner, condition it flat with pile surface up for aminimum of 12 h.9. Conditioning9.1 Bring the specimen to moistu
24、re equilibrium for testingtextiles approaching equilibrium from the dry side, withoutheat. Determine that moisture equilibrium for testing has beenattained as directed in Practice D1776.10. Procedure10.1 Perform this practice on a specimen prepared asdescribed in Section 9, maintaining the Vetterman
25、n drum testin the standard atmosphere for testing textiles.10.2 Remove the protective cage from the tester.10.3 Loosen the outside bolts.10.4 Wipe the inside of the drum and the steel ball with aclean lint free tissue and one of the recommended reagents.10.5 Inspect the rubber studs on the steel bal
26、l for signs ofwear or damage and replace as needed.10.6 Fit the test specimen into the drum with the pile surfacetowards the center of the drum and the edges under theretaining segments and clamp into place by tightening the bolt.10.7 Place the steel ball in the drum on the pile surface.10.8 Replace
27、 the protective cage over the Vettermann drum.10.9 Set the revolution counter to the desired number ofcycles (Note 1) and switch on the machine. When the machinestops, loosen the bolts, remove the mounted specimen andplace in the central aperture of the cleaning frame.10.10 Using the upright vacuum
28、cleaner, make four forwardand four backward passes along the length of the mountedFIG. 1 Vettermann Drum TesterFIG. 2 Round Steel BallD5417 112specimen ensuring all the area is covered and the final pass isin the lay of the pile and condition the specimen for a minimumof 24 h.NOTE 1Common practice i
29、n the pile floor industry is the use of22 000 cycles for commercial and 5000 cycles for residential construc-tions. Other cycle counts may result from mutual agreement betweenpurchaser and supplier.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 State that the test was conducted as directed i
30、n thispractice (D5417),11.2 Identify the tested specimen,11.3 Report the atmospheric conditions, if other than stan-dard,11.4 Report the number of revolutions,11.5 Report the type of vacuum cleaner used, and11.6 Detail any deviations from this practice.12. Keywords12.1 appearance; floor coveringASTM
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34、n Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D5417 113
