1、Designation: D5445 11Standard Practice forPictorial Markings for Handling of Goods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5445; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa
2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes a set of symbols to be used formarking o
3、f packages or containers to indicate special handlingand storage requirements.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and deter
4、mine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments2.2 ISO Standards:ISO 780 Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods3ISO 7000 Registration of Markings and Symbols33. Terminology3.1 Defi
5、nitionsGeneral definitions for packaging and dis-tribution are found in Terminology D996.4. Significance and Use4.1 Packages are often marked with handling instructions inthe language of the country of origin. While this may safeguardthe consignment to some extent, it is of little value for goodscon
6、signed to, or through, countries using different languages,and of no value at all if people unloading the packages areilliterate. Pictorial symbols offer the most likely means ofconveying the consignors intention and their adoption will,therefore, undoubtedly reduce loss and damage through incor-rec
7、t handling. The use of pictorial symbols does not provideany guarantee of satisfactory handling; proper protective pack-aging is therefore of primary importance.5. Symbols5.1 Display of SymbolsSymbols may appear on a label orshould preferably be printed directly on the package. It isrecommended that
8、 printed symbols be painted, stenciled (seeNote 1), preprinted or otherwise reproduced, as specifiedherein. Affirmative symbols need not be framed by borderlines, but all negative symbols, that is, “DO NOT . ,” shallhave borders with a slash mark across.NOTE 1For stencilling, the symbols may be prov
9、ided with bars ifrequired (see Appendix X1).5.2 Color of Symbols The preferred color for symbols isblack. If the color of the package is such that the symbol wouldnot show clearly, provide a panel of a suitable contrastingcolor, preferably white, as a background. Take care to avoid theuse of colors
10、that could lead to confusion with the labeling ofdangerous goods. The color red may be used when increasedemphasis is required to focus attention of package handlers.5.3 Size of Symbols The suggested sizes of symbols shallbe 100, 150, or 200 mm (4, 6, or 8 in.). The size or shape of thepackage may,
11、however, necessitate use of larger or smallersizes for the symbols, scaled proportionately.5.4 Number, Location, and Position of Symbols:5.4.1 Use only those pictorial markings required for thepackage.5.4.2 The number of identical symbols to be affixed to anypackage depends on its size and shape (se
12、e remarks column foreach symbol).5.4.3 When packages are formed into a unit load, locatesymbols so as to ensure they are visible (see Symbol 2).5.4.4 Give particular attention to the correct application ofthe marks. Faulty application may lead to misinterpretation.Apply Symbols 4, 6, 7, and 32 in th
13、eir correct respectivepositions to convey their meanings clearly and fully.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.11 on Terminology (Defini-tions).Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published September 2011.
14、 Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5445 05. DOI:10.1520/D5445-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards
15、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., NewYork, NY 10017.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Handling Instructions6.1 Indicate handling instructi
16、ons on packages by using thecorresponding symbols given in the remarks column of eachsymbol. Symbol 1 contains two messages.6.2 If necessary the cautionary basic text may appear belowthe symbol in English or in the national language of the countryof destination, or both. However, to the extent possi
17、ble,instructions should be written in languages commonly used ininternational trade.7. Keywords7.1 handling; packaging; pictorial markings; symbolsD5445 112NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.D5445 113D5445 114NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.D5445 115NOTE 1S
18、ee ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.D5445 116NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.D5445 117D5445 118NOTE 1See ISO symbols which are listed in the appendix.D5445
19、 119D5445 1110D5445 1111D5445 1112D5445 1113D5445 1114D5445 1115D5445 1116APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. EXAMPLE FOR SYMBOLS WITH BARS FOR APPLICATION BY STENCILLINGD5445 1117X2. ISO 780 PICTORIAL MARKINGSX2.1 See Table X2.1 .FIG. X1.1 Example for Symbols With Bars for Application by Stenci
20、llingD5445 1118TABLE X2.1 ISO Pictorial Markings which Differ from ASTM SymbolsD5445 1119ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination o
21、f the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.
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23、ents have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or
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