1、Designation: D 5572 95 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forAdhesives Used for Finger Joints in Nonstructural LumberProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5572; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes performance levels foradhesives to be used in finger joints in non
3、structural bonded-lumber products. Such products include, but are not limited to,interior and exterior mouldings, window and door componentsor parts, and bonded-lumber panels. Adhesives that meet therequirements of the various performance classes are consideredcapable of providing an adequate bond f
4、or use under theconditions described for the class. This specification is to beused to evaluate adhesives as well as the adhesive bonds in thefinger joints. See Section 5, Significance and Use, for limita-tions when using this specification to evaluate industriallymanufactured finger joints.NOTE 1Th
5、is specification supersedes the finger-joint portion of the1990 edition of Specification D3110.1.2 The following index is provided as a guide to the testmethods in this specification:SectionApparatus 6Equipment, Material, and Preparation of Assemblies and Specimens 7Conditioning for Factory-Manufact
6、ured Assemblies, Laboratory-MadeAssemblies, and Test Specimens8Testing in Flexure 9Testing in Tension 10Exposure Conditions and Treatments 111. Dry Use Tests: Dry, 3-cycle Soak, Elevated Temperature,and Temperature-Humidity11.12. Wet Use Tests: Dry, Boil, Elevated Temperature, andVacuum-Pressure11.2
7、NOTE 2The conditioning needed for various stages in the preparationof both types of specimens and for the exposure tests are given.NOTE 3Specific guidelines for specimen size, exposure conditions,testing, calculation, and reporting are given for flexure specimens inSections 9 and 11, and for tension
8、 specimens in Sections 10 and 11.1.3 For the definitions of dry use and wet use, see 3.2.1.1and 3.2.1.2.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to theappa
9、ratus and test methods portions, Sections 6-11 of thisspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the appl
10、ica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD 907 Terminology of AdhesivesD 2016 Methods for Moisture Content of Wood3D3110 Specification forAdhesives Used in Laminate Jointsfor Nonstructural Glued
11、 Lumber Products3D 4688 Test Method for Evaluating Structural Adhesivesfor Fingerjointing LumberD 5266 Practice for Estimating the Percentage of WoodFailure in Adhesive Bonded JointsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-ingE41 Te
12、rminology Relating to ConditioningE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany terms in this specification are de-fined in Terminology D 907
13、 and Terminology E41.3.1.1 bond, nthe union of materials by adhesives.3.1.2 finger joint, na joint formed by bonding two precutmembers shaped like fingers. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 nonstructural adhesive:3.2.1.1 dry use nonstructural adhesive, nan
14、adhesivecapable of producing sufficient strength and durability to make1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on WoodAdhesives.Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapprov
15、ed in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 5572 95 (1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AST
16、M website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the bonded lumber product serviceable in nonstructural use,under conditions in which the equilibrium moisture content(EMC) of the wood does not exceed 16 %.3.2.1.2
17、wet use nonstructural adhesive, nan adhesivecapable of producing sufficient strength and durability to makethe bonded lumber product serviceable in nonstructural use,under conditions in which the EMC of the wood may be 16 %or greater.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 EMCequilibrium moisture content.3.3.2 MCmo
18、isture content.4. Test Requirements4.1 Adhesives:4.1.1 To comply with this specification the test adhesiveshall be tested for performance in accordance with Sections8.1.1-11, and it shall meet the requirements in Table 1 for theselected testing mode and performance classification.4.1.2 Compliance wi
19、th this specification shall warrant cer-tification of the adhesive for use on the species of wood that isused for the tests, or for use on a designated group of specieswhen tested and found to be in compliance for any one memberof said group of species. The designated species groupings forcommonly u
20、sed domestic and imported woods, as accepted inthis specification, are given inTable 2. In the event that the useror supplier of the adhesive, or both, cannot accept the desig-nated groupings in Table 2, either party shall have the option ofrequesting a test on an individual species. Furthermore, th
21、euser and supplier may agree to change any of the wood-failurerequirements of Table 1 when applied to tests on Groups 3 and4 hardwoods from Table 2. For wood-property information onimported woods, see the Wood Handbook.44.1.2.1 The wood-failure requirements listed in Table 1 aregiven for softwoods a
22、nd hardwoods. Table 1 shows that thewood-failure requirements for hardwood are 50 % of therequirements for softwoods.4.2 Industrially Manufactured Finger JointAn industri-ally manufactured finger joint may be used to evaluate theadhesive, provided its construction meets the requirements setforth in
23、Sections 7-10, and the joint is tested against therequirements in Table 1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Adhesives are classified as dry use or wet use. Eachclassification includes consideration of short-term in-transitexposure conditions at elevated temperatures up to 220F(104C).5.2 The initial develop
24、ment of Specification D3110 wasbased on finger-joint assemblies made under controlled labo-ratory conditions. In the development of this revised specifi-cation the results obtained with laboratory-made specimens(see 12.1.2) were compared to those obtained with industriallymanufactured specimens (see
25、 12.1.1). These finger joints wereprepared using previously certified adhesives in cooperationwith a manufacturer or equipment supplier who had thenecessary finger-joint cutter and assembly equipment. Thesefinger joints may vary in geometry and length from manufac-turer to manufacturer, and this var
26、iation could affect theperformance of the bonded-finger-joint assembly.5(See 12.1,12.4, and 12.5.) Fig. 3 depicts a sample finger-joint configu-ration.5.2.1 When changes are made in the design of the industri-ally manufactured finger joint, the new design should becompared to a control design that h
27、as been used successfully.5.3 An industrially manufactured finger joint should beevaluated using the requirements for compliance with thisspecification, in accordance with 4.1.When this specification isused to evaluate specimens made from field-manufacturedassemblies, the results may not compare fav
28、orably with thoserun on specimens made from laboratory-made assemblies.4U.S. Department ofAgriculture Forest Service;Agricultural Handbook, No. 72,Wood Handbook, Tables 3 and 4, 1987 edition, pp. 311.5Selbo, M. L., “Effects of Joint Geometry on Tensile Strength of Finger Joints,”Forest Products Jour
29、nal, Vol 13, No. 9, September 1963, pp. 390400.FIG. 1 Horizontal JointFIG. 2 Vertical JointExample Dimensions for Fig. 3 Test Standard Finger Joint:Code Dimensions, in. (mm)ADegreesa 1.312 (33.32) .f 0.250 (6.25) .wt 0.047 (1.19) .wb 0.092 (2.34) .s (Slope) 5AThe dimensions given are for a typical h
30、orizontal finger joint and are examplesonly.FIG. 3 Test Standard Finger-Joint FormD 5572 95 (2005)25.4 Test requirements are provided to determine if theadhesive is suitable for dry use or wet use.5.5 The dry test and exposure conditions and treatments areto evaluate adhesives used in nonstructural
31、finger joints fortypical service conditions.5.5.1 The 220F (104C) test, a more severe test, is de-signed to evaluate the product after exposure to short-termelevated-temperature conditions. This test is intended to simu-late conditions that might be experienced in transit, furtherprocessing, or in-s
32、ervice conditions.NOTE 4These typical service conditions could include stress and timeunder stress, as well as elevated temperature.5.6 Procedures are described in sufficient detail to permitduplication in different testing laboratories.5.6.1 Record any deviations in these procedures on thereport fo
33、rms, Appendix X1, as it may have an impact on theresults obtained. Test data are only valid for the length anddesign used. (See 12.4.)5.7 To avoid potential problems that would be caused byinterrupting the bonding process, the adhesive-performancelevel should be determined by the finger-joint manufa
34、cturerprior to handling and early shipment. Before beginning the fulltesting process, the testing laboratory should pull a represen-tative sample and check the dry strength first, in order to ensurethat the product basically conforms with the performance levelcertified by the adhesive manufacturer.T
35、EST METHODS6. ApparatusNOTE 5The finger-joint specimens to be broken in tension are shorterthan those to be broken in flexure. Accommodation must be made in theequipment for handling the larger flexure specimen.6.1 Environmental Chamber (For Moist-Heat Aging), ca-pable of conditioning specimens at 8
36、0 6 5F (27 6 3C) and80 6 5 % relative humidity and capacity for at least 20specimens well-spaced and supported on racks to allow free airflow.6.2 Oven(s), with sufficient air circulation to remove mois-ture from the chamber, and capable of meeting all the follow-ing temperature requirements: 105 6 5
37、F (41 6 3C) (see11.1.2); 220 and 230 6 5F (104 and 110 6 3C) (see 11.1.3and 11.2.3); 150 6 2F (65 6 1C) (see 11.1.4); and 145 6 5F(63 6 3C) (see 11.2.2).6.3 Tank for Soaking, capacity to meet the requirements of11.1.2, so that all of the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 mm)below the water level fo
38、r the duration of the soak cycles.6.4 Tank for Boiling, capacity to meet the requirements of11.2.2, so that all of the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 mm)below the water level for the duration of the boil cycles.6.5 Testing Machine for the Flexure Specimen, capacity ofnot less than 2200 lbf (1000
39、 kgf) in compression, equipped forone-third span, two-point loading as described in 9.5 andTABLE 1 Minimum Test RequirementsPerformance Classification andExposure ConditionsASubsectionNumber forExposureDescriptionTesting Mode TensionBTesting ModeFlexureStrength, psi(MPa)CWood FailureDModulus ofRuptu
40、reCGroup AverageEIndividual MinimumFMinimum psi(MPa)G%Soft Hard Soft HardWood WoodHWood WoodHDry Use:Cured (dry) 11.1.1 2000 (13.8) 60 30 30 15 2000 (13.8)Three-cycle soak 11.1.2 1000 (6.9) 30 15 15I1000 (6.9)Elevated Temperature (220F)(104C)11.1.3 1000 (6.9)II I ITemperature-Humidity (140F(60C), 16
41、 % EMC)11.1.4 750 (5.2)IWet Use:Cured (dry) 11.2.1 2000 (13.8) 60 30 30 15 2000 (13.8)Boil 11.2.2 1600 (11.0) 50 25 25I1400 (9.7)Elevated Temperature (220F)(104C)11.2.3 1000 (6.9)II I IVacuum Pressure 11.2.4 1600 (11.0) 50 25 25I1400 (9.7)ATwenty specimens required for each classification and exposu
42、re.BParallel to the grain.CTension and flexure results may vary with the species. Any acceptable wood should produce joints able to meet these requirements.DThe wood-failure requirements are given for softwoods and hardwoods. Groups 3 and 4 hardwoods are listed at 50 % of the softwood value, with no
43、 wood-failurerequirement if the calculation is 15 % or less. (See 4.1.2.)EFor total group of specimens tested.FFor 90 % of the specimens tested, they shall meet or exceed these minimum wood-failure values shown. If a zero value is obtained for any of the specimens (thespecimen must meet the strength
44、 requirement).GFor any individual specimen.HSee recommended minimum specific gravity in Table 2.INo requirement.D 5572 95 (2005)3shown in Fig. 4, capable of maintaining a uniform rate ofloading such that the load may be applied with a continuousmotion of the movable head to maximum at a rate of 0.5
45、in.(11.7 mm)/min with a permissible variation of 610 %, andlocated in an atmosphere such that the moisture content of thespecimens developed under the conditions prescribed in Sec-tion 11 is not noticeably altered during testing.6.6 Testing Machine for the Tension Specimen, capable ofapplying a cali
46、brated tensile force, equipped with grips ofsufficient length to hold the specimen firmly, preferably aminimum length of 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) by a width of 0.75 in. (19mm), and capacity of both test machine and grips of not lessthan 2200 lbf (1000 kgf).NOTE 6Depending on the design and adaptability, th
47、e same machinewith a 2200-lbf (1000-kgf) capacity, described in 6.5 for the flexuretesting, can be used for the tension test described in 6.6. (See Practices E4and Terminology E6.)6.7 Vacuum-Pressure Vessel, capable of meeting the require-ments of 11.2.4, and capacity to meet the requirement that al
48、lof the specimens are at least 2 in. (50.8 mm) below the waterlevel for the duration of the complete vacuum-pressure cycles.7. Preparation of Finger Joint7.1 EquipmentPrepare the finger-joint assemblies in co-operation with a wood-products manufacturer, an equipmentmanufacturer, or a laboratory havi
49、ng all of the proper equip-ment.7.2 Preparation of Assemblies:7.2.1 MaterialUse lumber that conforms to the require-ments: maximum slope of grain of 1 in 14 on any face or edge;EMC of 8 to 12 %, preferably brought to 10 to 12 % MC priorto cutting and bonding; free of knots and decay; free ofmachining defects such as chipped grain, feed-roll polish,coarse knife marks, and feed-roll compression; free of dryingeffects, such as case hardening, collapse, or splits or checks.Recommended minimum specific gravities are given in Table3. Finger j
