1、Designation: D 5575 07Standard Classification System forCopolymers of Vinylidene Fluoride (VDF) with OtherFluorinated Monomers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5575; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers both developing prop-erty designations and specifications for ther
3、moplastic compo-sitions consisting of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) polymersmodified with other fluoromonomers and property-enhancingadditives. The other fluoromonomers include one or more ofthe following: hexafluoropropylene (HFP), tetrafluoroethylene(TFE), and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE). The addit
4、ives arethose that improve its flame resistance, processing, or physicalproperties. However, these additives are not normally consid-ered to be reinforcing. This classification system covers ther-moplastic compositions supplied in pellet or powder forms.1.2 A designation or specification applies onl
5、y to the virginpolymers prepared from vinylidene fluoride (50 weight %)with one or more of the following comonomers: hexafluoro-propylene, tetrafluoroethylene, and chlorotrifluoroethylene.Some polymers contain additives to enhance certain properties.1.3 This system constitutes a line callout as a me
6、ans ofdesignating and specifying properties of VDF-based copoly-mers. At least four of the designated properties are used todefine a polymers specification. Specification criteria frominternational documents can be used if their criteria matchdesignation properties currently used by this classificat
7、ionsystem.2This classification system is not intended for theselection of materials.1.4 The manufacturer of the virgin resin shall establish thedesignation of a resin based on the property value criteria inthis classification system.1.5 The minimum specification properties are established bythis cla
8、ssification system. Additional specification properties,based on the designation properties cited, can be established bythe resin supplier and customer.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.7 The property tests are intended to provide informationfor specifications of modi
9、fied VDF-copolymer compositions. Itis not the purpose of this classification system to provideengineering data for design purposes.NOTE 1Although the values listed in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table4, Table 5 are necessary to include the range of properties available inexisting materials, they are
10、not to be interpreted as implying that everypossible combination of the properties exists or can be obtained. It ispossible for a user or designer, using Tables 1-5, to call out propertyrelationships that are physically impossible to occur in a copolymer madeusing current technology.NOTE 2Many of th
11、ese polymers exhibit polymorphism.3The type andextent of crystalline structure will vary with the thermomechanical historyof the sample. Properties vary based on the technique used to prepare thespecimens.1.8 Test methods used in this classification system can resultin the incidental production of h
12、azardous materials. ModifiedVDF polymer fluoroplastics melt between 90 and 182C (194and 359F) and are thermally stable up to about 350C (662F),or somewhat higher, depending on the composition.(WarningEvolution of corrosive, colorless, and toxic hydro-gen fluoride can occur under certain conditions.)
13、1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Warning in
14、 1.8and Section 10 for specific hazards statements.NOTE 3Many, but not all of the codes and specifications found in thisclassification system are also in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4NOTE 4For ASTM and ISO documents, the equivalent or a compa-rable method is
15、 listed after each citation in parentheses.1This classification system is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originallyapproved in 199
16、4. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5575 - 99(2003).This standard is needed to cover commercial products outside the scope ofSpecification D 3222.2Fluoropolymer property specification data from international standards caninclude properties intentionally excluded from this classification s
17、ystem (forexample, composition). The only property criteria from other documents that can beused are those having similar properties allowed under the designation system.3Lovinger, A. J., “Poly(vinylidene fluoride),” Developments in CrystallinePolymers, Vol 1, Chapter 5, D.C. Bassett, Ed., Applied S
18、cience, London, 1982.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears a
19、t the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 150 Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics andPermittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insu-lating Materials (IEC 250)D 257 Test Methods for
20、 D-C Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating Materials (IEC 93)D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing(ISO 291)D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics (ISO527/1,2,3)D 792 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (Relative Density)and Density of Plastics by Displacement (ISO 1183)D
21、883 Terminology Relating to Plastics (ISO 472, ISO1043/1, -2)D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics byExtrusion Plastometer (ISO 1133)D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum OxygenConcentration to Support Candle-like Combu
22、stion of Plas-tics (Oxygen Index) (ISO 4583)D 3222 Specification for Unmodified Poly(VinylideneFluoride) (PVDF) Molding Extrusion and Coating Mate-rialsD 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD 3835 T
23、est Method for Determination of Properties ofPolymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary RheometerD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4591 Test Method for Determining Temperatures andHeats of Transitions of Fluoropolymers by DifferentialScanning CalorimetryD 4703 Practice for Compress
24、ion Molding ThermoplasticMaterials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or SheetsD 5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Clas-sification D 4000 FormatIEEE/ASTM S110 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI)2.2 IEC and ISO Standards:5IEC 60093 Recommended Methods of Test for Volum
25、e andSurface Resistivities of Electrical Insulating MaterialsIEC 60250 Recommended Methods for the Determinationof the Permittivity and Dielectric Dissipation Factor ofElectrical Insulating Materials at Power, Audio and RadioFrequencies Including Metre WavelengthsISO 291 PlasticsStandard Atmospheres
26、 for Conditioningand Testing (Practice D 618)ISO 293 PlasticsCompression Molding Test Specimensof Thermoplastic Materials (Practice 4703)ISO 472 PlasticsVocabulary (Terminology D 883)ISO 527/1,2,3 PlasticsDetermination of Tensile Proper-ties (Test Method D 638)ISO 1043/1 PlasticsSymbolsPart 1: Symbo
27、ls for BasicPolymers and Their Special Characteristics (TerminologyD 883)ISO 1043/2 PlasticsSymbolsPart 2: Fillers and Rein-forcing Materials (Terminology D 883)ISO 1133 PlasticsDetermination of the Melt Mass-FlowRate (MFR) and the Melt Volume-Flow Rate (MVR) ofThermoplastics (Test Method D 1238)ISO
28、 1183 PlasticsMethods for Determining Density andRelative Density of Non-Cellular Plastics (Test MethodsD 792)ISO 4589 PlasticsDetermination of Flammability ByOxygen Index5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.TA
29、BLE 1 Codes for the Information on Fluoropolymers Used inData Block 1Code MeaningA modifiedB block copolymerH homopolymerK copolymerL graft polymerR random copolymerZ otherTABLE 2 Code-Letters Used in Data Block 2 (IntendedApplication or Method of Processing, Essential Properties,Additives, or Other
30、 InformationCode Position 1 Code Positions 2 to 8A adhesives C coloredB blow molding D powderB1 extrusion blow molding D2 free-flowingB2 injection blow molding D3 not free-flowingC calendaring E expandableE extrusion F special burning characteristicsG general use F1 nonflammableH coating F2 flame re
31、tardedH1 powder coating F4 reduced smoke emissionH2 dip coating G granulesK cable and wire coating G1 pelletsL monofilament extrusion L light and weather stabilizedM molding (injection/transfer) M nucleatedQ compression molding N natural (no color added)R rotational molding N1 suitable for food cont
32、actV thermoforming N2 high purityX no indication P impact modifiedY textile yarns, spinning R mold release agentZ other S lubricatedT transparentT1 translucentT2 opaqueW1 improved chemical resistanceY increased electrical conductivityZ antistaticTABLE 3 Designatory and Specification Properties for D
33、ataBlock 3Position NumberAProperty1Bmelt temperature2Bmelt flow rate/melt viscosity3Btensile strength and modulus4 tensile elongation5Bdensity6 electrical7 flammability by oxygen index (OI)8 specimen preparation method and typeAProperty test information for Positions 1 to 7 are given in Section 8.BP
34、ositions 1, 2, 3, and 5 are mandated as the minimum specification properties.D5575072ISO 12086-1 Fluoropolymer Dispersion and Molding andExtrusion MaterialsPart 1: Designation and Specifica-tionISO 12086-2 Fluoropolymer Dispersion and Molding andExtrusion MaterialsPart 2: Preparation of Test Speci-m
35、ens and Determination of PropertiesTABLE 4 Date Block 3Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4Code Tm, CMelt Viscosity/Melt-Flow Rate Tensile Strength Tensile ElongationCodeMelt-FlowRate,g/10 minLoad,kgMeltVis-cosity,Pa/sATemp-era-ture,CCodeYieldStrength,MPaModulus,MPaCode Yield, % Break, %a 250
36、 b 15 to 500 c 20 to 100 d 25 to1500 e 30 to2000 230 f 35 to2500 125 g 40 to30 300 to 3000 h 45 to3500 i 50 to6000 i 400 to 800m 130 to 10E3 a 10E12 c 50 to 90 g ISO 527 Type 6Ah 2.2 to0.1000 x xy y 14 y yz not specified z not specified not specified z not specified zD55750733. Terminology3.1 Defini
37、tions:3.1.1 copolymera polymer derived from more than onespecies of monomer.3.1.2 fluoroplastica plastic based on polymers made withmonomers containing one or more atoms of fluorine, orcopolymers of such monomers with other monomers, thefluoro-monomer(s) being in the greatest amount by mass.ISO 1208
38、6-13.1.3 monomera low-molecular-weight substance consist-ing of molecules capable of reacting with like or unlikemolecules to form a polymer.3.1.4 thermoplastica plastic that repeatedly can be soft-ened by heating and hardened by cooling through a tempera-ture range characteristic of the plastic, an
39、d that in the softenedstate can be shaped by flow into articles by molding orextrusion.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 amorphousnoncrystalline or devoid of regularstructure.3.2.2 contaminationthe presence of nonpolymer particu-late and debris in the polymer, excluding any pr
40、operty-enhancing additives.3.2.3 fluoropolymersynonymous with fluoroplastic.3.2.4 melt-processiblecapable of being processed by, forexample, injection molding, screw extrusion, and other opera-tions typically used with thermoplastics.3.2.5 polymorphismthe ability of a material to form twoor more dif
41、ferent but stable crystalline forms.3.2.6 thermomechanical historythe mechanical and ther-mal exposure that a material experiences before testing.3.3 Abbreviations:Abbreviations:3.3.1 CTFEchlorotrifluoroethylene (1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethylene).3.3.2 DMACdimethylacetamide.3.3.3 DSCdifferential sca
42、nning calorimetry.3.3.4 HFPhexafluoropropylene (1,1,2,3,3,3-hexaflu-oropropylene).3.3.5 MFRmelt-flow rate.3.3.6 MVmelt viscosity.3.3.7 PVDFpoly(vinylidene fluoride).3.3.8 TFEtetrafluoroethylene (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-ethylene). D 16003.3.9 VDFvinylidene fluoride (1,1,-difluoroethylene).3.3.10 VDF/CTFE
43、vinylidene fluoride/chlorotriflu-oroethylene copolymer.3.3.11 VDF/HFPvinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropro-penecopolymer.3.3.12 VDF/TFEvinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoroethylenecopolymer.3.3.13 VDF/TFE/HFPvinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoro-ethylene/hexafluoropropene copolymer.4. Classification and Designation
44、4.1 The classification and designation system of the poly-mers is based on the following standardized pattern taken fromISO 12086-1:Designation and Classification SystemDescription Block| Identity Block | Individual Item Block |Data Data Data Data DataBlock 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4 Block 54.1.1 The
45、 designation system consists of the following:4.1.1.1 An optional description block, reading “Thermo-plastics,”4.1.1.2 An identity block comprising the ASTM standardnumber, and4.1.1.3 An individual item block.(1) The individual item block is subdivided into five datablocks that include the informati
46、on in 4.2-4.6. Data Block 5 isused when a designation is converted to a specification. SeeSection 7 for more details.(2) The blocks shall be separated from each other bycommas. If a data block is not used, this shall be indicated bydoubling the separation sign, that is, by two commas (,).4.2 Data Bl
47、ock 1This data block identifies the fluoropoly-mer by its abbreviation from the list in 3.3 (additional terms arelisted in ISO 12086-1, 2, or Terminology D 1600). The abbre-viation is followed by a hyphen and a one-letter code givingmore information about the polymer, using the codes fromTable 1.4.3
48、 Data Block 2:4.3.1 This block can indicate up to eight items of informa-tion coded by letters as specified in Table 2. Position 1 givesinformation about intended application or method of process-ing. Positions 2 through 8 provide up to seven items that canuse codes from Table 2 to indicate the poly
49、mers form as wellas specific special characteristics.4.3.2 If only one letter is given (for example, E), it mustapply to Position 1. Whenever there is an indication ofproperties, etc., in Positions 2 to 8, a code in Position 1 isrequired. The code “X” indicates that no other letter code isappropriate. An alphabetical order is recommended if morethan one code letter is used in Positions 2 to 8.NOTE 5Selecting the application or processing method for Position 1TABLE 5 Codes for Filler and Physical Form of Materials for Use in DataBlo
