1、Designation: D5664 10D5664 17Standard Test Method forEvaluating the Effects of Fire-Retardant Treatments andElevated Temperatures on Strength Properties of Fire-Retardant Treated Lumber1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5664; the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for obtai
3、ning data to assess the initial adjustments to allowable design stresses forlumber treated with candidate commercial fire-retardant (FR) formulations and further procedures for obtaining data to assess theeffect of extended exposure to elevated temperature of 66 6 2C (150 6 4F).1.2 This standard doe
4、s not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was de
5、veloped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Docu
6、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD1165 Nomenclature of Commercial Hardwoods and SoftwoodsD3500 Test Methods for Structural Panels in TensionD4761 Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and W
7、ood-Base Structural MaterialD5516 Test Method for Evaluating the Flexural Properties of Fire-Retardant Treated Softwood Plywood Exposed to ElevatedTemperaturesD6841 Practice for Calculating Design Value Treatment Adjustment Factors for Fire-Retardant-Treated LumberE84 Test Method for Surface Burning
8、 Characteristics of Building MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire Standards2.2 Other Standards:AWPA C20 LumberFire Retardant Treatment by Pressure Processes3NFPA 703 Standard for Fire Retardant Impregnated Wood and Fire Retardant Coatings for Building Materials4U.S. Product Standards PS 20 American Sof
9、twood Lumber Standard53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions used in this test method are in accordance with Terminologies D9 and E176 and NomenclatureD1165.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.07 on Fire Pe
10、rformance of Wood.Current edition approved June 1, 2010April 15, 2017. Published July 2010June 2017. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20082010 asD5664 08.D5664 10. DOI: 10.1520/D5664-10.10.1520/D5664-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org
11、, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Wood Protection Association (AWPA), P.O. Box 361784, Birmingham, AL 35236-1784, http:/.4 Available fro
12、m National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.5 Available from American Lumber Standard Committee, Incorporated (ALSC), P.O. Box 210, Germantown, MD 20875-0210, http:/www.alsc.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended on
13、ly to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current vers
14、ionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Summary of Test Method4.1 The general objectives of this test method are to develop data to adjust al
15、lowable design stresses of FR-treated lumber forthe initial effects for the tested FR-formulation(s) and to develop data on in-service thermal stability after extended exposure toenvironmental conditions up to 66 6 2C (150 6 4F) and 50 % relative humidity.4.2 Procedure 1This procedure uses small cle
16、ar specimens cut from end-matched nominal 2 by 4 (38 by 89-mm) dimensionlumber (see Fig. 1) to compare the initial effects of fire-retardant treatments to untreated controls for bending, tension parallel,compression parallel, and horizontal shear properties.4.3 Procedure 2This procedure uses small c
17、lear specimens cut from end matched nominal 2 by 4 (38 by 89-mm) dimensionlumber. This second set of specimens is used to assess the differential trends between end-matched fire-retardant treated anduntreated specimens on bending and tension parallel properties over the course of a prolonged exposur
18、e to elevated temperature.4.4 Procedure 3The optional third procedure uses full-sized nominal 2 by 4 (38 by 89-mm) dimension lumber to modify thesmall clear specimen results from 4.2 and 4.3 for size effects.5. Significance and Use5.1 The mechanical properties evaluated by this test method provide t
19、he following:5.1.1 Data for use in developing modification factors for the allowable design properties of fire-retardant treated lumber whenused at or near room temperatures (see 6.3).5.1.2 Data for use in developing modification factors for allowable design properties of fire-retardant treated lumb
20、er whenexposed to elevated temperatures and humidity (see 6.4).5.1.3 Data (optional) for use in modifying these factors for size effects when fire-retardant treated lumber is used at or near roomtemperature and when exposed to elevated temperatures and humidity (see 6.5).5.2 Data from the first two
21、procedures in this test method of evaluation are indicative only for that species.NOTE 1The results of the three listed species (Southern pine, Douglas fir, and either white spruce or a Spruce/Fir mixture) may are allowed to beused together to make inference on untested wood species because the thre
22、e tested species represent the full spectrum of expected treatability.5.3 Data from the optional third part of this three-part method of evaluation are indicative for all species because it is primarilyused to assess size effects.FIG. 1 Hypothetical Cutting Patterns to Obtain One Bending, Two Tensio
23、n Parallel, One Compression Parallel, One Block Shear, andOne Specific Gravity Block from Each 1.2-m (4-ft) Lumber SpecimenD5664 1726. Procedures6.1 Treatment:6.1.1 Pressure treat those pieces designated for treatment with the fire-retardant formulation being evaluated. The gage retentionlevel of ea
24、ch charge shall not be less than the midpoint of the retention range as specified for the species by the agency certifyingthe flame spread index of the treated lumber. The retention range specified by the certifying agency shall provide a flame-spreadindex of 25 or less when tested in accordance wit
25、h Test Method E84 for 10 min, show no evidence of significant progressioncombustion when the test is continued for an additional 20-min period and not allow progression of the flame front beyond adistance of 3.2 m (10.5 ft) beyond the centerline of the burners anytime during the 30-min extended test
26、.6.1.1.1 The provisions of 6.1.1 are not intended to prevent use of this test standard when the fire-retardant treatments beingcertified are for applications other than those requiring conformance to AWPA C20, NFPA 703, or similar building coderequirements for “fire-retardant-treated wood” that requ
27、ire the Test Method E84 test extended to 30 min. When alternativeperformance criteria for the treatment are being certified, the test report on specimens of that treatment shall state clearly thealternative performance criteria and that the treatment retention was limited to that required for the al
28、ternative performance criteria.6.1.2 Weigh all treated pieces before and immediately after treatment to determine the chemical retention based on the solutionretained and the concentration of chemicals in the solution. Complete a treating report for each charge of material to documentthe treating cy
29、cle, times, pressures, gage retention, and piece retentions.6.2 Post-Treatment Drying:6.2.1 After pressure treatment, kiln dry the treated pieces to a maximum moisture content of 19 % following the standardredrying procedures established for the treatment and species by the manufacturer. Redry the t
30、reated pieces at the manufacturersmaximum specified dry bulb temperature with a minus 2C (4F) tolerance for 21 h of the first 24-h period. For the remainder ofthe drying period, the tolerance shall be minus 3C (5F).There is no upper limit on the redrying temperature. Sticker all test piecesto obtain
31、 proper air flow across both surfaces and to provide even drying.NOTE 2Research has shown that high kiln drying temperatures can adversely affect the structural properties of wood products. TheAWPAand NFPAstandards for fire retardant treated wood products limit kiln dry bulb temperatures.AWPAC20 req
32、uires that the dry bulb temperature of the kiln not exceed70C (160F) during any kiln drying of plywood treated with fire retardants. In the case of exterior fire-retardants that require curing at highertemperatures, curing after the moisture content is 19 % or less is permitted. However, such elevat
33、ed curing temperatures must not exceed 99C (210F)and the total curing time must not exceed 48 h. In NFPA 703, the dry bulb temperature must not exceed 70C (160F) until the average moisture contentof the wood has dropped to 25 % or less.NOTE 3To establish the worst-case strength properties of treated
34、 lumber, the laboratory must redry the test material within a small negative toleranceof the maximum temperature used by the manufacturer. Therefore, there is no upper limit for the temperature used in the tests. If a manufacturer desiresto establish conservative property values or provide a basis f
35、or evaluating production material that exceeds the limit, the test material can be redried atthat temperature. A manufacturer then is allowed to determine the necessary production schedule for their treatment and equipment or conditions. Thus,a stepped schedule (for example, 10 h at 54C (130F), 10 h
36、 at 60C (140F); 10 h at 71C (160F), etc.) is allowed by the standard, provided themaximum temperature tolerance requirement is met. These provisions provide for air-drying production material provided the redry conditions in the testsare within the tolerance of the maximum temperature specified by t
37、he manufacturer.6.2.2 Monitor the moisture content of the test pieces during the drying cycle by individually weighing representative pieces.Keep a well-documented kiln charge report and kiln recorder chart showing dry and wet bulb temperatures during the redryingperiod.6.3 Procedure 1The first proc
38、edure presents a methodology using small clear wood specimens to assess the initial effect offire-retardant treatment on median mechanical properties. The results may be are used to adjust the allowable design stresses oflumber based on estimates of median reductions in bending, tension parallel, co
39、mpression parallel, and horizontal shear propertiesusing small clear specimens cut from larger end-matched dimension lumber specimens.6.3.1 For each species/species grouping (Southern pine, Douglas fir, and either white spruce or a Spruce/Fir mixture), twentyfive (25) 2.44m (8ft) long, high-grade no
40、minal 2 by 4s (38 by 89 mm) shall be obtained and cut into 1.22m (4ft) halves. Eachspecimen shall be marked to identify it with its matched-sister(s) specimen(s). For each specimen, one 1.22-m (4ft) half shall berandomly allotted to remain untreated and the other half assigned to be treated with the
41、 candidate fire-retardant treatment and eachhalf shall be appropriately marked.NOTE 4A Spruce/Fir mixture can be obtained by obtaining Canadian Spruce-Pine-Fir and removing the Lodgepole pine and Jack pine, which canbe visually segregated from the remaining spruces and firs of this specific species
42、group. The Lodgepole pine and Jack pine have numerous longitudinalresin canals that are generally quite evenly distributed in the outer portion of every growth ring. In the four spruces (Black, Engelmann, Red, and White),the longitudinal resin canals are generally sparse. In the two firs (Alpine and
43、 Balsam), the longitudinal resin canals are normally absent.NOTE 5High Grade is a relative term, but some latitude is required because it is a common industry practice to group grades for some species/speciesgroupings into “and better” categories. If available, Select Structural often is desirable b
44、ecause it provides an adequate yield of small clear specimens.It should also be noted that The initial use of 30 specimens will usually ensure 25 acceptable specimens when using lower grades which have loweryields.6.3.2 After treating and redrying are completed, each treated and untreated nominal 2
45、by 4 (38 by 89-mm) piece shall be cutinto small clear specimens as shown in Fig. 1. Care shall be taken to avoid cutting specimens containing strength-reducingcharacteristics such as knots, cross-grain, or slope-of-grain in excess of 1 in 12. When cutting small test specimens, an originalwide surfac
46、e shall remain unmachined and each specimen shall later be tested so that this surface is exposed to the greater stressD5664 173during that particular mechanical test. Each end-matched treated and untreated specimen shall be tested with the same relativesurfaces in tension and compression. Tension p
47、arallel specimens shall be machined as shown in Fig. 2. Horizontal shear specimensshall be machined as shown in Fig. 3.6.3.3 After cutting, all specimens (treated and untreated) shall be equilibrated to constant weight at 22 + 5C (72 + 9F) and65 + 1 % relative humidity.6.3.4 Appropriate treated and
48、untreated specimens shall be alternately tested in bending, compression parallel, and horizontalshear using Test Methods D143 and tension parallel using Test Methods D3500, but with the exceptions listed in Table 1.6.4 Procedure 2For each species (Southern pine, Douglas fir and white spruce, four se
49、ts of 25 end-matched treated anduntreated small clear bending and tension parallel specimens shall be cut from at least 25 nominal 2 by 4 (38 by 89 mm) 2.44-m(8-ft) long pieces. These specimens shall be used to assess the differential effects of exposure to elevated temperature betweenuntreated and FR-treated clear wood specimens.6.4.1 One set of 25 FR-treated and untreated specimens of each species shall be used as an unexposed control (that is, 0 daysof exposure).6.4.2 Three FR-treated and untreated groups of 25 specim
