1、Designation: D5672/D5672M 15Standard Test Method forTesting Flexible Cellular Materials Measurement ofIndentation Force Deflection Using a 25-mm 1-in.Deflection Technique1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5672/D5672M; the number immediately following the designation indicates they
2、ear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a screening type quality co
3、ntroltest used to determine if flexible polyurethane foam cushionsare within the specified grade range for firmness.1.2 This test method is limited to foams with thicknessesthat are 75 mm 3 in. or greater.1.3 This test method is based on the fact that the traditionalindustry standard thickness for I
4、ndentation Force Deflection(IFD) is 100 mm 4 in., and the traditional percent deflectionfor IFD acceptance and product planning is 25 %. With respect,then, to these traditional industry conventions, a 25 % deflec-tion on a 100-mm 4-in. cushion would be 25 mm 1 in.Thus, deflecting standard cushions (
5、of proper 100 mm thick-ness) 25 mm 1 in. provides a quick way to determine if theflexible polyurethane foam is within the specified grade rangefor 25 % IFD.1.4 Cushion thicknesses less than 75 mm 3 in. shall not betested for IFD using this test method.1.5 This test method is intended to provide a qu
6、ick andsimple method to screen flexible polyurethane foams fordetermination of its firmness grade.1.6 UnitsThe values stated in U.S. Customary or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used indep
7、endently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety a
8、nd health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1This test method and ISO 2439 address the same subjectmatter, but differ in technical content.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, an
9、d Molded Urethane FoamsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 2439 Flexible Cellular Polymeric MaterialsDetermination of Hardness (Indentation Technique)2.3 Method for IFD, Chapter 4.0,“Flexible Polyurethane Foam Standards
10、 and Guidelines,”Joint Industry Foam Standards and Guidelines Commit-tee33. Terminology3.1 This test method is based on Test Methods D3574, TestB1. Refer to Test Methods D3574 for terminology used in thistest method.4. Significance and Use4.1 The 25-mm 1-in. deflection IFD method is recom-mended for
11、 production screening and quality control on fullsize cushions only.4.2 Applicable cushion thicknesses to be tested by this testmethod are only those listed in this test method. Furtherresearch and development are required before this test methodis applicable to other cushion thicknesses.4.3 This te
12、st method is designed to give a value approxi-mating the 25 % IFD on a 100-mm 4-in. thick piece of foamwhen the actual specimen thickness tested is within the rangeslisted in the test method. In case of disagreement, the referee1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Pla
13、sticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials -Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approvedin 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5672 - 09. DOI: 10.1520/D5672_D5672M-15.2For referenced ASTM
14、standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the Polyurethane Foam Association (PFA), 334 Lakeside PlazaLoudon,
15、 TN 37774, http:/www.pfa.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1method is the IFD procedure in Test Methods D3574, Test B1.The user of this test method shal
16、l establish the correlationbetween this test method and the referee method.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus used for determining IFD in Test MethodsD3574, Test B1is used for this test method.6. Conditioning6.1 The conditioning conditions described in Test MethodsD3574 are ideal when using this test met
17、hod; however, sincethis method is a screening-type test method, precise condition-ing is not always practical.6.2 IFD is very sensitive to temperature and humidityconditions, therefore, testing samples that have been exposedto extreme conditions of humidity and temperature shall beavoided. Simply pl
18、acing the specimens to be tested into anair-conditioned room in the summer or a heated room in thewinter and allowing them to equilibrate for at least 4 h with thecooled or heated room air will alleviate some of the problemsassociated with extreme weather conditions.7. Procedure7.1 For test specimen
19、s 75 100 mm 3 4 in. in thickness:7.1.1 Length and width of the test specimens shall be 380mm by 380 mm 15 in. by 15 in., at minimum. Using theindenter foot, measure the original thickness of the foamspecimen using the 4.5-N 1-lb preload procedure in TestMethods D3574, Test B1. Preflex the test speci
20、men 75 % of itsoriginal thickness two times. Before removing the test speci-men from under the indenter foot and while the indenter footstill maintains the 4.5-N 1 lb preload, draw the circumferenceof the indenter foot on top of the test specimen using a felt tipmarker. While circumscribing the inde
21、nter foot on the testspecimen, be certain that the test specimen is not movedlaterally in any direction from the exact location where it waspreflexed with the indenter foot. The circumscribed circle willbe used for exact relocation of the indenter foot after therequired waiting period. After preflex
22、ing, a waiting period of 66 1 min is to be observed before performing the 25-mm 1-in.deflection IFD.7.1.2 The preflex indentation speed, the indenter foot, andthe final indentation speed are the same as specified in MethodsD3574, Test B1.7.1.3 After the 6 6 1 min waiting period, measure the testspec
23、imen thickness by using the 4.5-N 1-lb preload proce-dure in Test Methods D3574, Test B1. Immediately indent the200-mm 8-in. diameter presser foot into the foam exactly 25mm 1 in. After 60 6 3 s, read the 25-mm 1-in. deflectionIFD from the force gauge and record in N lb.7.2 For test specimens 100 16
24、5 mm 4 6.5 in. inthickness:7.2.1 On specimens 100 165 mm 4 6.5 in. in thickness,the amount of deflection during preflexing shall be 75 mm 3in. Carry out all other parts of the test as described in Section6 and in Test Methods D3574, Test B1.7.3 It has been demonstrated that adherence to all detailss
25、pecified or referenced herein, are necessary to obtain goodcorrelation between this test method and the Test MethodsD3574, Test B1, (IFD method). Small deviations in testprocedures and conditions can produce large variances in testresults in this and other tests on flexible polyurethane foams.8. Pre
26、cision and Bias8.1 Precision for this test method is based on round robinstudies conducted by members of the American FurnitureManufacturers Association (AFMA) in accordance with Prac-tice E691. For the study, five commercial foams were selectedranging in density from 1.1 pcf up to 3.5 pcf, with IFD
27、 valuesbetween 53 N 12 lb and 160 N 36 lb at 25 % deflection. Thenumber of labs that participated was five. Each laboratoryobtained five test results for each material. Precision, charac-terized by repeatability (Srand r) and reproducibility (SRandR), have been determined as shown below.One Inch IFD
28、, N(Five Laboratories)Material Avg. SrASRBrCRD1 124.9 6.8 13.4 19.1 37.42 111.9 6.2 13.3 17.3 37.13 77.9 6.8 13.4 19.1 37.64 135.3 5.4 8.1 15.0 22.75 138.3 9.6 11.9 26.8 33.2ASr= within-laboratory standard deviation for the indicated material. It is obtainedby pooling the within laboratory standard
29、deviations of the test results from all ofthe participating laboratories.BSR= between-laboratory reproducibility, expressed as standard deviation.Cr = within-laboratory critical interval between two results = 2.8 Sr.DR = between laboratories critical interval between two results = 2.8 SR.8.2 BiasThe
30、re are no recognized standards by which toestimate bias for this test method.9. Keywords9.1 flexible cellular; foam hardness; indentation test; poly-urethaneD5672/D5672M 152SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D5672 -
31、09)that may impact the use of this standard. (June 1, 2015)(1) Revised 1.3 and 1.6, and made editorial correctionsthroughout the standard.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this st
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35、59,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 153
