1、Designation: D 5672 03Standard Test Method forTesting Flexible Cellular Materials Measurement ofIndentation Force Deflection Using a 25-mm 1-in.Deflection Technique1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5672; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a screening type quality controltest u
3、sed to determine if flexible polyurethane foam cushionsare within the specified grade range for firmness.1.2 This test method is limited to foams with thicknessesthat are 75 mm 3 in. or greater.1.3 This test method is based on the fact that the traditionalindustry standard thickness for Indentation
4、Force Deflection(IFD) is 100 mm 4 in., and the traditional percent deflectionfor IFD acceptance and product planning is 25 %. With respectthen to these traditional industry conventions, a 25 % deflec-tion on a 100-mm 4-in. cushion would be 25 mm 1 in.Thus, deflecting proper thickness cushions 25 mm
5、1 in. willdetermine if the flexible polyurethane foam is within thespecified grade range for 25 % IFD.1.4 Cushion thicknesses less than 75 mm 3 in. shall not betested for IFD using this test method.1.5 This test method is intended to provide a quick andsimple method to screen flexible polyurethane f
6、oams fordetermination of its firmness grade.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulat
7、ory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1ISO 2439 is a similar test, but there are technical differences.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 3574 Methods of Testing Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams2E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine
8、 the Precision of a Test Method32.2 Method for IFD, Chapter 4.0,“Flexible Polyurethane Foam Standards and Guidelines,”Joint Industry Foam Standards and Guidelines Commit-tee43. Terminology3.1 This test method is based on Test Methods D 3574, TestB1. Refer to Test Methods D 3574 for terminology used
9、in thistest method.4. Significance and Use4.1 The 25-mm 1-in. deflection IFD method is recom-mended for production screening and quality control on fullsize cushions only.4.2 Applicable cushion thicknesses to be tested by this testmethod are only those listed in this test method. Furtherresearch and
10、 development are required before this test methodwill be applicable to other cushion thicknesses.4.3 This test method is designed to give a value approxi-mating the 25 % IFD on a 100-mm 4-in. thick piece of foamwhen the actual specimen thickness tested is within the rangeslisted in the test method.
11、In case of disagreement, the refereemethod is the IFD procedure in Test Methods D 3574, Test B1.The user of this test method shall establish the correlationbetween this test method and the referee method.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus used for determining IFD in Test MethodsD 3574, Test B1is used for
12、 this test method.6. Conditioning6.1 The conditioning conditions described in Test MethodsD 3574 are best used when using this test method; however,since this method is a screening type test method, preciseconditioning is not always practical.6.2 IFD is very sensitive to temperature and humiditycond
13、itions, therefore testing samples that have been exposed toextreme conditions of humidity and temperature shall beavoided. Simply placing the specimens to be tested into anair-conditioned room in the summer or a heated room in the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on P
14、lasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials-Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as D 5672 - 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.3Ann
15、ual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.4Available from AFMA, P.O. Box HP-7, High Point, NC 27261.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.winter and allowing the
16、m to equilibrate for at least 4 h with thecooled or heated room air will alleviate some of the problemsassociated with extreme weather conditions.7. Procedure7.1 For test specimens 75 mm 3 in. to 100 mm 4 in. inthickness:7.1.1 Length and width of the test specimens shall be aminimum 380 mm by 380 mm
17、 15 in. by 15 in. Using theindentor foot, measure the original thickness of the foamspecimen using the 4.5-N 1-lb preload procedure in TestMethods D 3574, Test B1. Then preflex the test specimen 75 %of its original thickness two times. Before removing the testspecimen from under the indentor foot an
18、d while the indentorfoot still maintains the 4.5 N 1 lb preload, draw thecircumference of the indentor foot on top of the test specimenusing a felt tip marker. When circumscribing the indentor footon the test specimen, be certain that the test specimen is notmoved laterally in any direction from the
19、 exact location whereit was preflexed with the indentor foot. The circumscribedcircle will be used for exact relocation of the indentor foot afterthe required waiting period. After preflexing, a waiting periodof 6 6 1 min is to be observed before performing the 25-mm1-in. deflection IFD.7.1.2 The pr
20、eflex indentation speed, the indentor foot, andthe final indentation speed are the same as specified in MethodsD 3574, Test B1.7.1.3 After the 6 6 1 min. waiting period, measure the testspecimen thickness by using the 4.5-N 1-lb preload proce-dure in Test Methods D 3574, Test B1. Immediately indent
21、the200 mm 8 in. diameter presser foot into the foam exactly 25mm 1 in. After 60 6 3 s read the 25 mm 1 in. deflectionIFD from the force gage in N lb.7.2 For test specimens 100 mm 4 in. to 165 mm 6.5 in.in thickness:7.2.1 On 100 mm 4 in. to 165 mm 6.5 in. thickness testspecimens, the amount of deflec
22、tion during preflexing shall be75 mm 3 in. Carry out all other parts of the test as describedin Section 6 and in Test Methods D 3574, Test B1.7.3 It has been demonstrated that adherence to all detailsspecified or referenced herein, are necessary to obtain goodcorrelation between this test method and
23、 the Test MethodsD 3574, Test B1IFD method. Small deviations in test proce-dures and conditions can produce large variances in test resultsin this and other tests on flexible polyurethane foams.8. Precision and Bias8.1 Precision for this test method are based on round robinstudies conducted by membe
24、rs of the American FurnitureManufacturers Association (AFMA) in accordance with Prac-tice E 691. For the study, five commercial foams were selectedranging in density from 1.1 pcf up to 3.5 pcf with IFD valuesbetween 53N 12 lb and 160N 35 lb at 25 % deflection. Thenumber of labs that participated was
25、 five. Each laboratoryobtained five test results for each material. Precision, charac-terized by repeatability (Srand r) and reproducibility (SRandR), have been determined as shown below.One Inch IFD, N(Five Laboratories)Material Avg. SrASRBrCRD1 124.9 6.8 13.4 19.1 37.42 111.9 6.2 13.3 17.3 37.13 7
26、7.9 6.8 13.4 19.1 37.64 135.3 5.4 8.1 15.0 22.75 138.3 9.6 11.9 26.8 33.2ASr= within-laboratory standard deviation for the indicated material. It isobtained by pooling the within laboratory standard deviations of the test resultsfrom all of the participating laboratories.BSR= between-laboratory repr
27、oducibility, expressed as standard deviation.Cr = within-laboratory critical interval between two results = 2.8 3 Sr.DR = between laboratories critical interval between two results = 2.8 3 SR.8.2 BiasThere are no recognized standards by which toestimate bias for this test method.9. Keywords9.1 flexi
28、ble cellular; foam hardness; indentation test;polyurethaneSUMMARY OF CHANGESThis section identifies the location of selected changes to this test method. For the convenience of the user,Committee D20 has highlighted those changes that may impact the use of this test method. This section may alsoincl
29、ude descriptions of the changes or reasons for the changes, or both.D 5672 - 03:(1) ISO equivalency statement was added.(2) Minimum sample size was reduced.(3) Precision and Bias statements were added.(4) Non-mandatory language was removed.D5672032ASTM International takes no position respecting the
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32、quarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This sta
33、ndard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D5672033
