1、Designation: D5704 16D5704 17Standard Test Method forEvaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability ofLubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and FinalDrive Axles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPortions of this test method are written for use by labor
3、atories that make use of ASTM TestMonitoring Center (TMC)2 services (see Annex A1 Annex A4).The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previouslycalibrat
4、ed by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear L
5、ubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (andhence the Test P
6、urchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.Laboratories that
7、 choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test.2 It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, anddeposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricati
8、ng oils when subjected tohigh-temperature oxidizing conditions.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsThe
9、values stated in SI units for catalyst mass loss, oil mass and volume, alternator output, and air flow areto be regarded as standard.1.2.2 SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, orwhere there is a sole source supply eq
10、uipment specification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to
11、 use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and R
12、ecommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubrican
13、ts percent output adjustable.6.1.5 ThermocouplesFor determination, recording, and control of the test oil temperature, a 18 in. (3.2 mm) Type J open-tipthermocouple is specified. Thermocouples for other data measurements may be used as suitable to the user but in all cases shallbe placed behind the
14、baffle plate in the gear box assembly and shall not interfere with normal oil flow patterns during the test.6.1.6 Temperature Recorder, any suitable recording device capable of generating a temperature record using the specifiedthermocouples and temperature control devices. Submit temperature traces
15、 for tests with the test report.6.1.7 AlternatorUse a Remy model 10-SI Series Type 100, 63 A, 12 V negative ground alternator part number 91751 forloading the gearset.13,11 Modify the alternator by removing the diode trio and resistor as shown in the circuit diagram in Fig.A10.1.The supplied v-belt
16、pulley may be replaced with a multi-groove (so called micro-v) pulley provided the original metal fan and 1:1pulley ratio are retained.6.1.8 Heater BlowerThe heater blower system shall supply to the insulated oven assembly 29.5 6 5 ft3/min (835 L/min 6142 L/min) of air (at free flow conditions) thro
17、ugh the 218 in. (54 mm) diameter blower opening as shown in the engineeringdrawings. The heater blower may be a cage type blower wheel powered by an electric motor or powered by way of a toothed beltfrom the main drive shaft.6.1.8.1 Confirm the heater blower system air flow at laboratory ambient con
18、ditions with a Preso Low Loss Venturi Meter14,11(2 in. model LPL-200NF-38) with carbon steel body, 14-in. NPT instrument connections and 2 in. 150 lb raised-face processconnections and a Dwyer digital manometer,15,11 part number 475-00-FM. Perform the verification with the heater elements turnedoff.
19、6.1.8.2 Send the Preso Low Loss Venturi Meter together with the Dwyer digital manometer to the specified calibrationlaboratory16 for cleaning and calibration at least once a year.6.1.9 Air Flow ControllerThe air flow controller17,11 shall be capable of controlling the air supply at a flow rate of22.
20、08 mgmin 6 2.01 mgmin (see Note 1).NOTE 1It has been suggested that 20 to 30 ft (6 m to 9 m) of supply line between the air regulator and the mass air flow meter may help to reduceflow meter readout fluctuations.6.1.10 Test Gears, one machine tool change gear (34 teeth, with a width of 38 in. (9.5 m
21、m) and one machine tool change gear(50 teeth, with a width of 38 in. (9.5 mm).18,1110 The sole source of supply known to the committee at this time is Chromolox, Inc., 103 Gamma Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15238.11 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarte
22、rs. Your comments will be given careful consideration at a meeting ofthe responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.12 The sole source of supply known to the committee at this time is Ogden Manufacturing Co., 103 Gamma Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15238.13 The sole source of supply known to the c
23、ommittee at this time is Remy, 600 Corporation Dr., Pendleton, IN 46064.14 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is SW Controls Inc., 2525 East Royalton Road, Broadview Heights, OH 44147.15 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at
24、this time is JF Good Company, 11200 Madison Ave., Cleveland, OH 44102.16 Bowser-Morner, 4518 Taylorsville Rd., Dayton, OH 45424.17 The sole source of supply of theAir Flow Controller Model 840-L-1 known to the committee at this time is Sierra Instruments, Inc., 5 Harris Court, Bldg. L, Monterey,CA 9
25、3940.18 The sole source of supply of the GA-34 and GA-50 gears known to the committee at this time is Boston Gear Works, 14 Hayward St., Quincy, MA 02171.D5704 1736.1.11 Test Bearing, ball bearing.19,116.1.12 O-ring Seals, O-ring for the seal plate and O-ring for the cover plate.19,116.1.13 Lip Seal
26、s, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF shaft oil lip seals, part number 6383, are required.19,116.1.14 Speedi-sleeve, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF speedi-sleeves, part number 99062, are required.19,116.1.15 Joint Radial Seal, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF joint radial (V-ring) seals, part number 400164, are requi
27、red.19,116.1.16 Gear Holder Apparatus, used to hold the test gears during preparation (Annex A12).6.2 Construct all new equipment in accordance with the engineering drawings available as an adjunct from ASTMHeadquarters6 in order to meet calibration requirements. Builders unable to obtain specified
28、parts and wishing to use substitutesshall request approval from ASTM Subcommittee D02.B0.03.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Air, compressed, instrument quality, meeting ANSI/ISA-S7.3, that limits dew point, maximum particle size, and maximumoil content of the air at the instrument.7.2 Copper Catalyst,
29、cold-rolled, electrolytic tough pitch copper, conforming to UNS (Unified Numbering System) C11000.12,11Shear the two strips from stock of thickness 116 in. (1.6 mm) to approximately 916 by 11316 in. (14 mm by 46 mm).NOTE 2For more information on the classification of coppers and the Unified Numberin
30、g System (UNS), consult Classification B224 and PracticeE527, respectively.7.3 Organic Cleaning Agent. (WarningCombustible, health hazard (see Annex A7).)20,21,117.4 Silicon Carbide Paper, 180 grit.7.5 Solvent, Use only mineral spirits meeting the requirements of Specification D235, Type II, Class C
31、 for Aromatic Content(0 to 2% vol), Flash Point (142 F61 C, min) and Color (not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale).(WarningCombustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificate of Analysis for each batch of solvent from the supplier.)7.6 Toluene, commercial grade. (WarningFlammable.
32、Health hazard.) An example of a satisfactory volatile hydrocarbonsolvent.7.7 Heptane, commercial grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.) An example of a satisfactory volatile hydrocarbonsolvent.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Air Box Temperature Limiting DeviceAfter initial rig installation, preset
33、 the oven air temperature limit to 400 F (204 C).This can be achieved by placing the insulated oven cover in position on the rig and installing the air temperature sensor at apenetration depth of 3 in. (75 mm) below the top inner surface of the cover. Switch on the heaters and circulating fan. Adjus
34、t thetemperature control device to deactivate the heaters when the air temperature reaches 400 F (204 C). This oven temperature limitmay later be reduced as outlined in 10.3 to meet rig heat-up requirements.8.2 Temperature Recording and Controlling InstrumentationSince this test procedure is extreme
35、ly sensitive to temperature,it is necessary to maintain a periodic check upon the accuracy of all items related to temperature measurement and control.Therefore, immediately after the installation of a new test rig, and before every set of reference tests, calibrate the instrumentationused to measur
36、e and record the air and oil temperatures against known standards traceable to NIST.22 For instance, calibrate theoil temperature thermocouple and indicating controller. This can be accomplished by immersing the tip of the probe into anauxiliary temperature-controlled oil bath equipped with a stirre
37、r. Accurately set the bath temperature at 325 F (162.8 C) andconfirm the test measuring equipment to be accurate prior to testing.8.3 Gear CaseUsing the organic cleaning agent (see 7.3), clean the gear case, vent tube, vent tube baffle, retainer bushings,seal sleeves, case cover plate, seal plate, n
38、uts, studs, flat washers, baffle plate, spacer bushings, bearing bushings and clamp, keys,shaft ends, shaft nuts, and catalysts. Nylon bristle brushes, steel brushes, and long pipe cleaners can be used to aid cleaning. Donot use any copper or copper-containing brushes or material as a cleaning mediu
39、m. Following the cleaning procedure with anorganic cleaning agent, wash parts thoroughly with cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and finally with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent (see7.6 or 7.7), to facilitate air drying. Allow parts to air dry.8.4 Test GearsThoroughly clean the test gears with cleaning solv
40、ent (see 7.5). Carefully examine the gear teeth for nicks andburrs. Do not use gears with major imperfections. Redress minor gear teeth imperfections with a fine stone or file. After finalexamination, wash gears once more with cleaning solvent and finally with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, to faci
41、litate air drying.Allow gears to air dry.19 The sole source of supply of the R-14 10 ball bearing, No. 2-153 (seal plate O-ring), No. 2-264 (cover plate O-ring), 6383 seals, 400164 seals, and 99062 speedi-sleevesknown to the committee at this time is Motion Industries, 4620 Hinckley Parkway, Clevela
42、nd, OH 44109.20 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Oakite Products, Inc., 13177 Huron River Dr., Romulus, MI 48174.21 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Pentone Corp., 74 Hudson Ave., Tenafly, NJ 07670.22 N
43、ational Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards), Gaithersburg, MD 20899.D5704 1748.4.1 Prepare each gear with new Screen-Kut silicon carbide C-180 paper.23,11 Place a new piece of silicon carbide paper ona solid surface that has a thickness greater than or equal
44、 to 12 in. (12.7 mm). Saturate the entire silicon carbide paper with cleaningsolvent (see 7.5). Use one new piece of silicon carbide paper per gear side, using both sides of the silicon carbide paper asnecessary. Sand both sides of the test gears, with the required gear holder apparatus (6.1.16) on
45、the silicon carbide paper, usinga figure eight motion. Do not apply a downward force to the gear holder while sanding. Sand the gears until the manufacturersmachining marks are removed. After final examination, wash gears once more with cleaning solvent (see 7.5) and finally with avolatile hydrocarb
46、on solvent (see 7.6 or 7.7), to facilitate air drying. Allow gears to air dry. If the gears are not to be usedimmediately, wrap them in a paper towel and Nox-Rust paper.24,118.4.1.1 Discard the test gears if not used within 24 h after polishing is completed.8.5 Test BearingPrior to installation, was
47、h the test bearing first with cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and finally with a volatilehydrocarbon solvent, to facilitate drying. Allow the bearing to air dry.8.6 Copper Catalyst:8.6.1 Notch one strip for purpose of identification. The notch shall be triangular in shape centered on the long side of th
48、e strip.Sides of the triangular notch shall be equal and approximately 0.2 in. (approximately 5 mm) in length.8.6.2 Polish both catalyst strips on all six sides with Screen-Kut silicon carbide C-180 paper.23,11 Use either a new piece ofScreen-Kut or one retained from the gear polishing procedure des
49、cribed in 8.4.1.8.6.3 Wipe both catalyst strips with absorbent cotton pads moistened with cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and wash with a volatilehydrocarbon solvent, to facilitate drying. Allow catalyst strips to air dry.8.6.4 Record the mass of the catalyst with the notched strip to the nearest 0.0001 g prior to installation. Handle cleaned catalyststrips with one of the following: new nitrile gloves, new latex gloves, tweezers, or ashless filter paper to avoid contamination ofthe catalyst surface from skin contact.8.7 Gear Case AssemblyAssemble
