1、Designation:D570705 (Reapproved 2011)1Designation: D5707 11Standard Test Method forMeasuring Friction and Wear Properties of LubricatingGrease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV)Test Machine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5707; the number immediately following the
2、designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUpdated 2.2, 7.6, and Fig. 1; add
3、ed Note 4 and research report number editorially in July 2011.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining a lubricating greases coefficient of friction and its ability to protectagainst wear when subjected to high-frequency, linear-oscillation motion using an SRV test machine at
4、 a test load of 200 N,frequency of 50 Hz, stroke amplitude of 1.00 mm, duration of 2 h, and temperature within the range of the test machine,specifically, ambient to 280C. Other test loads (10 to 1200 N for SRVI-model, 10 to 1400 N for SRVII-model, and 10 to 2000N for SRVIII-model), frequencies (5 t
5、o 500 Hz) and stroke amplitudes (0.1 up to 4.0 mm) can be used, if specified. The precisionof this test method is based on the stated parameters and test temperatures of 50 and 80C. Average wear scar dimensions on balland coefficient of friction are determined and reported.NOTE 1Optimol Instruments
6、supplies an upgrade kit to allow SRVI/II-machines to operate with 1600 N, if needed.1.2 This test method can also be used for determining a fluid lubricants ability to protect against wear and its coefficient offriction under similar test conditions.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regard
7、ed as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determi
8、ne the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing SteelD217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating GreaseD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubri
9、cantsD5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-Frequency,Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineD6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using SRV TestMachineD7421 Test Method for Dete
10、rmining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of SteelG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 Other Standards:3DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and f
11、ree-cutting steels Part 17 : Ball and roller bearing steelsDIN 518343:200812 Testing of lubricants Tribological test in translatory oscillation apparatus Part 3: Determination1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct resp
12、onsibility of Subcommittee D02.G0.04on Functional Tests - Tribology.Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D570705. DOI:10.1520/D5707-05R11E01.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published March 2012. Or
13、iginally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D570705(2011)1. DOI:10.1520/D5707-11.2For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard
14、s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Deutsches Institut fur Normung e.V.(DIN), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http:/www.din.de.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have be
15、en made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official documen
16、t.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.of tribological behaviour of materials in cooperation with lubricantsD5707 112DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Prod
17、uct Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method; Surfaces havingstratified functional properties Part 2: Height characterization using linear material ratio curve (replaces DIN 4776:1990:Measurement of surface roughness; parameters RK,RPK,RVK,Mr1,Mr2for the description of the material porti
18、on)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 break-in, nin tribology, an initial transition process occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accompaniedby transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or both, which are uncharacteristic of the given tribological systems long-termbehavi
19、or. G403.1.2 coeffcient of friction, n in tribology, the dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the normalforce (N) pressing these bodies together. G403.1.3 Hertzian contact area, nthe apparent area of contact between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against eachot
20、her, as calculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. G403.1.4 Hertzian contact pressure, nthe magnitude of the pressure at any specified location in a Hertzian contact area, ascalculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. G40 magnitude of the pressure at any specified location
21、 in aHertzian contact area, as calculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. The Hertzian contact pressure canalso be calculated and reported as maximum value Pmaxin the centre of the contact or as Paverageas average over thetotal contact area. D74213.1.5 lubricant, nany material interpos
22、ed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them. D41753.1.6 lubricating grease, na semifluid to solid product of a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.3.1.6.1 DiscussionThe dispersion of the thickener forms a two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
23、 surfacetension and other physical forces. Other ingredients are commonly included to impart special properties. D2173.1.7 Ra (C.L.A), nmeasuring surface finish, the arithmetic average of the absolute distances of all profile points from themean line for a given distance.43.1.7.1 DiscussionC.L.A. me
24、ans center line average, and it is a synonym for Ra.3.1.8 Rpk, nreduced peak height according to DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998. Rpk is the mean height of the peak sticking outabove the core profile section.3.1.9 Rvk, nreduced valley height according to DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998. Rvk is the mean depth of the
25、 valley reaching intothe material below the core profile section.3.1.10 Ry, nin measuring surface finish, the vertical distance between the top of the highest peak and the bottom of the deepestvalley in one sampling length of the roughness profile.3.1.11Rz (DIN), nin measuring surface finish, the av
26、erage of all Ry values (peak to valley heights) in the assessment length.3.1.12SRV, nSchwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss, (German); oscillating, friction, wear, (English translation). D57063.1.1353.1.11 thickener, nin lubricating grease, a substance composed of finely divided particles dispersed in a l
27、iquid lubricant toform the products structure.3.1.13.13.1.11.1 DiscussionThe thickener can be fibers (such as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain non-soapthickeners) which are insoluble or, at most, only very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general requirement
28、s are that thesolid particles be extremely small, uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like structure with the liquidlubricant. D2173.1.143.1.12 wear, ndamage to a solid surface, generally involving progressive loss of material, due to the relative motion betweenthat
29、surface and a contacting substance or substances. G403.1.15G403.1.13 Wv, nWear volume is the loss of volume to the ball after a test. D64253.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 seizure, nlocalized fusion of metal between the rubbing surfaces of the test pieces. D57063.2.1.1 Discus
30、sionSeizure is usually indicated by a sharp increase in coefficient of friction, wear, or unusual noise andvibration. In this test method, increase in coefficient of friction is displayed on the chart recorder as a permanent rise in thecoefficient of friction from a steady state value.3.3 Abbreviati
31、ons:3.3.1 SRV, nSchwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss, (German); oscillating, friction, wear, (English translation). D57064. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method is performed on an SRV test machine using a test ball oscillated under constant load against a test disk.4Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture:
32、The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 21.5Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 25.pp. 29, 31.D5707 113NOTE 2The frequency of oscillation, st
33、roke length, test temperature, test load, and test ball and disk material can be varied from those specified inthis test method. The test ball yields Hertzian point contact geometry. To obtain line or area contact, test pieces of differing configurations can besubstituted for the test ball.4.2 The w
34、ear scar on the test ball and coefficient of friction are measured. If a profilometer is available, a trace of the wear scaron the test disk can also be used to obtain additional wear information.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method can be used to determine wear properties and coefficient of
35、friction of lubricating greases at selectedtemperatures and loads specified for use in applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present for extendedperiods of time under initial high Hertzian point contact pressures. This test method has found application in qualifying lub
36、ricatinggreases used in constant velocity joints of front-wheel-drive automobiles and for lubricating greases used in roller bearings. Usersof this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.6. Apparatus6.1 SRV Test Machine,6illustrated in Fig
37、s. 1 and 2.6.2 Microscope, equipped with a filar eyepiece graduated in 0.005-mm division or equipped with a micrometer stage readableto 0.005 mm. Magnification should be sufficient to allow for ease of measurement. One to 103 magnification has been foundacceptable.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Test B
38、alls6, 52100 steel, Rockwell hardness number of 60 6 2 on Rockwell C scale (HRC), 0.025 6 0.005-m Ra surfacefinish, 10-mm diameter.7.2 Lower Test Disk,6vacuum arc remelted (VAR) AISI 52100 steel with an inclusion rating using Method D, Type A, asseverity level number of 0.5 according to Test Methods
39、 E45 and Specification A295/A295M or an inclusion sum value K1# 10according to DIN EN ISO 683-17 and spherodized annealed to obtain globular carbide, Rockwell hardness number of 60 6 2onRockwell C scale (HRC), the surfaces of the disk being lapped and free of lapping raw materials. The topography of
40、 the disk willbe determined by four values, 24-mm diameter by 7.85 mm thick:0.5 m Rz (DIN) 0.650 m0.035 m Ra (C.L.A.) 0.050 m0.020 m Rpk 0.035 m0.050 m Rvk 0.075 mNOTE 3The DIN 17230-1980 was replaced by DIN EN ISO 683-17.7.3 n-Heptane, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)6Amstutz, Hu,
41、“Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, pp. 31, 29.6The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Optimol Instruments Prftechnik GmbH, Westendstrasse 125, D-80339, Munich,Germany, http:/w
42、ww.optimol-instruments.de. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your commentswill receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.FIG. 1 SRV Test Machines, Model III (lef
43、t); Model 4 (right)D5707 1147.4 Isopropanol, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)7.5 Toluene, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)7.6 Cleaning Solvent, the test disks have to be cleaned by a liquid solvent (non-chlorinated, non-film forming).NOTE 4It is recommended to use a
44、 mixture of equal volumes of n-heptane, isopropanol, and toluene, all as reagent grades. (WarningFlammable.Health hazard.)8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Turn on the test machine and chart recorder and allow to warm up for 15 min prior to running tests.8.2 Select the friction data to be presented in
45、the crest peak value position on the test apparatus in accordance with themanufacturers directions.NOTE 5In most cases, this is accomplished by positioning the sliding switch on electronic card No. 291.35.20E (front side of electronics behind thefront panel) and the sliding switch located on the bac
46、k panel of the control unit.8.3 Turn the amplitude knob to ZERO.8.4 Switch the stroke adjustment to AUTO position.8.5 Set the frequency to 50 Hz and duration to 2 h, 00 min, 30 s, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.8.6 Set the desired span and calibrate the chart recorder in accordanc
47、e with the manufacturers instructions. Select the desiredchart speed.9. Procedure9.1 Clean the test ball and disk by wiping the surfaces with laboratory tissue soaked with the cleaning solvent. Repeat wipinguntil no dark residue appears on the tissue. Immerse the specimen ball and disk in a beaker o
48、f the cleaning solvent under ultrasonicvibration for 10 min. Dry the test ball and disk with a clean tissue ensuring no streaking occurs on the surface.9.2 Place a small amount (approximately 0.1 to 0.2 g, the size of a pea) of lubricating grease to be tested on the cleaned lowertest disk in an area
49、 such that overlapping with previous wear scars will not occur.9.3 Place the cleaned test ball on the top and in the middle of the lubricating grease specimen so that the grease makes a circularsymmetric pad between the ball and disk.9.4 Ensure the machine is unloaded (indicated by a load reading of 13 or 14 N) and carefully place the disk containing thelubricating grease specimen and test ball on the test area platform.9.5 Tighten both the ball and disk clamps until resistance to tightening just begins.
