1、Designation: D5724 16Standard Specification forGouache Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5724; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates t
2、he year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements forcomposition, physical properties, performance, and labeling ofgouache paints.1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehi
3、cles, and addi-tives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,lightfastness, and consistency.1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastnessrequirements in this specification. In order to identify otherpigments that meet these requirements, instructions are givenfor test speci
4、men preparation. Test methods for determiningrelative lightfastness are referenced.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigment
5、sD279 Test Methods for Bleeding of PigmentsD476 Classification for Dry Pigmentary Titanium DioxideProductsD823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thicknessof Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test PanelsD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Typ
6、e GageD1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell SystemD4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for ChronicHealth HazardsD4303 Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used inArtists MaterialsE284 Terminology of Appearance2.2 Other Documents:Colour Index33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1
7、.1 colour index name, nconsists of the category (typeof dye or pigment), general hue, and an assigned number givento a colorant in the Colour Index3as an international identifi-cation system.3.1.1.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Nameof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigment Blue 15 (PB
8、15).3.1.2 colour index number, na five-digit number given inthe Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of acolorant.3.1.2.1 DiscussionFor example, the Colour Index Numberof one phthalocyanine blue pigment is 74160.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 gouache paint,
9、 na pigment dispersion in a watersoluble gum/resin vehicle that dries water soluble and isformulated primarily for relatively opaque and matte applica-tions.3.3 Appearance terms used in this standard are defined inTerminology E284.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes quality req
10、uirements andprovides a basis for common understanding among producers,distributors, and users.4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the require-ments be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects.Variations in manufacture, not covered by this specification,may cause some artists t
11、o prefer one brand over another, eitherof which may be acceptable under this specification.5. Labeling Requirements5.1 Pigment(s) Identification:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibili
12、ty ofSubcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5724 06 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/D5724-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm
13、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The Society of Dyers and Colourists, Colour Index, 3rd ed., 5 volumes andrevisions, Available from the American Association
14、of Textile Chemists andColorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1TABLE 1 Suitable Pigments ListNOTE 1Underlined information in the table and lightfastness category shal
15、l be included on every label.KEYLightfastness Category:Lightfastness I Excellent LightfastnessLightfastness II Very Good LightfastnessAbbreviations used in Colour Index Names:PB Pigment BluePBk Pigment BlackPBr Pigment BrownPG Pigment GreenPO Pigment OrangePR Pigment RedPV Pigment VioletPW Pigment W
16、hitePY Pigment YellowAR Acid RedBR Basic RedPigment Notations in Parenthesis:(CC) Concentrated cadmium pigments may contain up to 15 % barium sulfate for color control.Cadmium-barium pigments contain a much higher content amount of barium sulfate.(DL) May darken in strong light(LF) Lightfast type(NA
17、) Colour index name or number not assigned(RS) Red shade(BS) Blue shade(SM) Sensitive to moisture(SS) Sensitive to hydrogen sulfide(OP) Opaque typeColor IndexNameLigthfastness Category Common Name and Chemical Class Color Index NumberYELLOWSPY 3 I Arylide Yellow I0G, with option of adding the name H
18、ansa Yellow Light, arylide yellow 11710PY 6 I Arylide Yellow, arylide yellow 11670PY 35 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium zinc sulfide (CC), (SM) 77205PY 37 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium sulfide (CC), (SM) 77199PY 42 I Mars Yellow or Iron Oxide Yellow, synthetic h
19、ydrated iron oxide 77492PY 43 I Yellow Ochre, natural hydrated iron oxide 77492PY 53 I Nickel Titanate Yellow, oxides of nickel, antimony and titanium 77788PY 65 II Arylide Yellow RN, with option of adding Hanas Yellow RN, arylide yellow 11740PY 74 2GX70 II Arylide Yellow 2GX70, Hansa Yellow 2GX70,
20、arylide yellow (OP) 11741PY 109 I Isoindolinone Yellow G, tetrachroloisoindolinone NAPY 110 I Isoindolinone Yellow R, tetrachroloisoindolinone 56280PY 139 I Isoindoline Yellow, isoindoline NAPY 170 II Diarylide Yellow, diarylide yellow 21104ORANGESPO 5 I Dinitraniline Orange, dinitraniline (SM) 1207
21、5PO 20 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium sulfo-selenide 77202PO 36 I Benzimidazolone (hue designation) HL, benzimidazolane 11780PO 43 I Perinone Orange, perinone (DL) 71105PO 73 II Pyrrcle Orange, Pyrrolopyrrol NAREDSPR 5 II Naphthol ITR, naphthol ITR 12490PR 9 II Naphthol AS-OL, nap
22、hthol AS-OL 12460PR 14 II Naphthol AS-D, naphthol AS-D 12380PR 101 I Mars Red or Iron Oxide Red, synthetic iron oxide 77491PR 108 I Cadmium (hue designation), concentrated cadmium-seleno sulfide (CC) 77202PR 113 I Cadmium Vermilion Red Light, Medium or Deep, cadmium mercury sulfide (CC) 77201PR 122
23、II Quinacridone (hue designation), quinacridone 73915PR 170 F3RK-70 II Naphthol Red, naphtol carbamide (DL) 12475PR 188 I Napthol AS, naphthol AS 12467PV 19 I Quinacridone (hue designation), quinacridone red 73900VIOLETSPV 14 I Cobalt Violet, cobalt phosphate 77360PV 19 I Quinacridone (hue designati
24、on), quinacridone violet b 73900PV 23 II Dioxadine (hue designation), carbazole dioxazine 51319BLUESPB 15 I Phthalocyanine Blue, or Pthalo Blue, copper phthalocyanine 74160PB 17:1 II Phthalocyanine Blue Lake, or Pthalo Blue Lake, trisulfonated copper phthalocyanine 74200:1PB 27 I Prussian Blue, Milo
25、ri Blue, alkali ferric ferrocyanide 77510PB 28 I Cobalt Blue, oxides of cobalt and aluminum or cobalt aluminate 77346PB 29 I Ultramarine Blue, complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur, or sodium alumino-sulphosilicate77007PB 33 I Manganese Blue, barium manganate with barium sulfate 77112P
26、B 35 I Cerulean Blue, oxides of cobalt and tin or cobalt stannate 77368D5724 1625.1.1 Every label shall include for each pigment containedin the paint the information underlined in Table 1, whichincludes the Common Name, Colour Index Name, and anyadditional terms necessary to identify the form of th
27、e pigment.5.1.2 The complete pigment identification given in Table 1,which also includes the Colour Index Number and a simplechemical description, shall be given by the producer in anappropriate electronic version or printed publication. Manufac-turers are encouraged to put this complete identificat
28、ion on thecontainer label when label size permits.5.1.3 The common name shall be placed on the front of thelabel and shall be the name of the paint except as described in5.1.5 and 5.1.6. Other identification may be placed elsewhereon the container.5.1.4 The colour index name may be spelled out in fu
29、ll orabbreviated depending on the size of the label. Example:Pigment Blue 15, or Pig. Blue 15 or PB 15.5.1.5 Substituted PigmentsIn the case of substitutedpigments, except for those pigments listed in Table X5.1, theword “Hue” in equal size letters shall follow in the title, on thefront of the tube,
30、 and immediately after the name of thepigment that has been simulated.5.1.6 Proprietary names or optional names may be usedprovided the common name(s) given in Table 1 is listed withtheir Colour Index Names and the Lightfastness Category ofthe mixture somewhere on the label.5.1.7 Mixed PigmentsArtis
31、tspaints containing more thanone pigment comply with this specification if all coloredpigments included in the mixture are on the suitable pigmentlist (Table 1) and provided the mixture itself has passed allother test requirements in this specification.The lightfastnesscategory shall be that of the
32、least lightfast pigment. Thislightfastness category may be changed if the mixture is testedin accordance with Test Methods D4303 and the resultsindicating a different category are submitted to ASTM Sub-committee D01.57 for evaluation.5.1.8 Historical and Discontinued PigmentsPigments thatare either
33、(1) primarily of a historical nature, or (2) have notbeen commercially manufactured for a minimum of 10 years ormore, may be submitted to Subcommittee D01.57 for inclusionin Table X5.1.5.1.8.1 The Common Name(s) of pigments in Table X5.1may be used by substituted pigments without the designation of“
34、Hue” in the title.5.1.8.2 Paints using pigments listed in Table X5.1 may usethe word “Genuine” in front of the title to differentiate themfrom substituted pigments.5.2 Provide on the Label:5.2.1 Identification of gum/resin used.5.3 LightfastnessThe label shall contain the word “Light-fastness” follo
35、wed by the appropriate rating, I, or II, as givenfor each pigment in Table 1, or else one of these correspondingicons (Fig. 1).5.3.1 Lightfastness I pigments, when made into paint speci-mens as described in Section 7 and exposed, tested, and ratedin accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have a c
36、olordifference (E*ab) of 4 or less CIELAB units between thespecimens measured before and after exposure.5.3.2 Lightfastness II pigments, when made into paintspecimens as described in Section 8 and exposed, tested, andrated in accordance with Test Methods D4303, shall have acolor difference (E*ab) of
37、 more than 4.0 but not more than8.0 CIELAB units between the specimens measured before andafter exposure.5.3.3 Pigments were placed in a lightfastness category onthe basis of either known historical performance in art works orthe ratings from four lightfastness tests conducted as describedGREENSPG 7
38、 I Phthalocyanine Green, or Phthalo Green, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine 74260PG 17 I Chromium Oxide Green, anhydrous chromium sesquioxide 77288PG 18 I Viridian, hydrous chromium sesquioxide 77289PG 19 I Cobalt Green, oxides of cobalt and zinc, or cobalt zincate 77335PG 23 I Green Earth, or Terr
39、e Verte, natural ferrous silicate containing magnesium and aluminumpotassium silicates77009PG 36 I Phthalocyanine Green or Phthalo Green, chlorinated and brominated copper phthalocyanine 74265BROWNSAPBr 7 I Burnt Sienna, calcined natural iron oxide 77492PBr 7 I Burnt Umber, calcined natural iron oxi
40、de containing manganese 77492PBr 7 I Raw Sienna, natural iron oxide 77492PBr 7 I Raw Umber, natural iron oxide containing manganese 77492PBr 11 I Magnesium Ferrite, synthetic iron oxide containing magnesium oxide 77495PBr 24 I Chrome Titanate Yellow, oxides of chrome, antimony and titanium 77310PBr
41、25 I Benzimidazolone Brown, monoazo benzimidazolone 12510BLACKSPBk 1 I Jet Black, aniline black 50440PBk 6 I Lamp Black, nearly pure amorphous carbon 77266PBk 7 I Carbon Black, nearly pure amorphous carbon 77266PBk 9 I Ivory Black or Bone Black, amorphous carbon produced by charring animal bones 772
42、67WHITESBPW 4 I Zinc White, zinc oxide with option of adding the name Chinese White 77947PW 5 I Lithopone, zinc sulfide coprecipitated with barium sulfate 77115PW 6 I Titanium White, titanium dioxide (rutile or anatase) with option of including some bariumsulfate or zinc oxide77891PW 7 I Zinc Sulfid
43、e, zinc sulfide 77975AColor Index Number 77491 can be used as an alternate to 77492 for PBr 7.BInformation on white pigments is given in Appendix X3.D5724 163in Test Methods D4303. Results from further tests on these, orother pigments, are solicited by Subcommittee D01.57.5.3.3.1 The lightfastness c
44、ategory of a pigment shall bechanged if results from several further tests conducted inaccordance with Test Methods D4303 and approved by ASTMSubcommittee D01.57, establish a different lightfastness cat-egory than the one given in Table 1.5.3.3.2 Additional pigments shall be placed in Table 1 aftert
45、hey have been tested for lightfastness in accordance with TestMethods D4303 and the test results submitted to ASTMSubcommittee D01.57 for evaluation, provided the resultsdemonstrate that the pigments have the lightfastness ratingsrequired for Lightfastness I or Lightfastness II, as just de-scribed.5
46、.3.4 For information and to establish nomenclature, pig-ments in Lightfastness III, IV and V categories are given inTable X1.1 in Appendix X1, but are not to be used in paintconforming to this specification.5.3.4.1 Lightfastness III pigments have a color difference ofmore than 8.0 but not more than
47、16.0 CIELAB units.5.3.4.2 Lightfastness IV pigments have a color difference ofmore than 16.0 but not more than 24.0 CIELAB units.5.3.4.3 Lightfastness V pigments have a color difference ofmore than 24.0 CIELAB units.5.4 ToxicityAll products and labeling must conform to theFederal Hazardous Substance
48、s Act and to Practice D4236.5.5 Statement of Conformance“Conforms to ASTMSpecification D5724.” or “Conforms to ASTM D5724” or“Conforms to the quality requirements ofASTM D5724.” Thisstatement may be combined with other conformancestatements, such as, “Conforms to the quality and healthrequirements o
49、f ASTM Specification D5724 and PracticeD4236.”5.6 AddressInclude on the label (1) the name and addressof the manufacturer or importer, and (2) the country ofmanufacture.6. Quality Assurance for Gouache Paints6.1 Conditions Not Covered in This Specification that AffectGouache Paints:6.1.1 SubstrateThe effective pH of the paper used willaffect the long-term color of the applied gouache paints.6.1.2 Environmental ConditionsFactors such astemperature, humidity, air flow, and light conditions affectapplication properties, drying time, and adhesion.6.1.3 StorageW
