1、Designation: D 5905 98 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Practice forthe Preparation of Substitute Wastewater1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the preparation of an aqueousmixture containing constituents in concentrations such that itwill have physi
3、cal and chemical matrix characteristics similarto municipal wastewater.1.2 Wastewaters are extremely variable, depending on thequantity and nature of the materials being discharged into thecollection system. The mixture prepared with this practice isnot representative of any particular wastewater. R
4、ather, itallows the user to prepare a mixture that exhibits a similarmatrix impact on test method performance as is typical ofmunicipal wastewater and can be prepared from commonmaterials inexpensively and reproducibly. It allows the evalu-ation of test methods, over time, against the same reference
5、point.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establis
6、h appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD 1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute OceanWaterD 1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD 2777 P
7、ractice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this prac-tice, refer to Terminology D 1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 substitute wastewatera mixture of diss
8、olved andsuspended materials in water, typical of the influent to amunicipal wastewater treatment facility.4. Significance and Use4.1 Substitute wastewater may be used for laboratory testingwhere a reproducible mixture simulating municipal wastewateris required. To provide a more rugged evaluation o
9、f a testmethods ability to measure analytes and the precision of thetest method under more demanding conditions, it is necessaryto utilize a matrix more complex than reagent water. Substitutewastewater is intended to be used as a material to be spikedwith analytes or interferents of interest to eval
10、uate the perfor-mance of test methods.4.2 Utilization of substitute wastewater as a matrix ininterlaboratory validation studies will allow inclusion of per-formance statistics for this matrix in the Precision and Biassection of test methods. Users of test methods will be able toevaluate their applic
11、ation of test methods in this matrix againstpublished results.5. Apparatus5.1 Blender, household or commercial variety, with achemically inert container and a tight sealing lid.6. Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is inten
12、ded thatall reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society wheresuch specifications are available.3Other grades may be used,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessen
13、ing the accuracy ofdetermination.6.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type I of Specification D 1193.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommi
14、ttee D19.02 on Quality Systems, Specifi-cation, and Statistics.Current edition approved July 15, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5905 98 (2003).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
15、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents
16、notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
17、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 KaolinUSP grade. Dry to constant weight at 103Cbefore use.6.4 BeerA commercially produced beverage made byfermenting mixtures of grains, malts, and hops; reducedcalorie: less than 100 calories/12 oz (1180 J/mL). Reduced-calorie beers are often
18、sold with the designation “lite” or“light.” Transfer the beer into a container and then cap,allowing 20 % head space. Shake vigorously. Loosen cap.Allow to sit refrigerated for 24 h to dissipate carbonation andthen allow to reach room temperature.6.5 FlourGeneral or all-purpose, bleached, enriched,
19、pre-sifted, wheat. All brands fitting this description are acceptable.Dry to constant weight at 103C before use.6.6 Ocean Salts, Commercially available as dry salt mix-tures used to prepare water for salt water aquariums. Can bepurchased at pet stores. Dry to constant weight at 103C beforeuse.6.7 Tr
20、iton X-1004SolutionSurfactant solution.Add 1.200g to water and dilute to 1 L.NOTE 1A key purpose of this practice is to provide a reproducibleformulation. The use of an alternate surfactant may significantly alter theperformance of this material in its intended application. Use of analternate surfac
21、tant should be clearly indicated whenever data related tothe use of this practice is published.7. Procedure7.1 Place approximately 500 mL of water in blender.7.2 Add the following amounts of the indicated reagents:7.2.1 Flour, 0.400 g,7.2.2 Ocean salts, 2.000 g,7.2.3 Kaolin, 0.080 g,7.2.4 Triton X-1
22、00 solution, 20.0 mL, and7.2.5 Beer, 120.0 mL.7.3 Blend on lowest setting for 30 s. Significant foam willbe generated. Allow most of the foam to subside beforetransferring. Transfer quantitatively to a 2-L volumetric flaskand dilute to 2 L with water.7.4 This solution may be held at 0 to 4C for up t
23、o 24 h butthen shall be preserved and held per the requirements of the testmethod under evaluation.8. Keywords8.1 analytical performance; matrix; wastewaterAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TYPICAL ASSAY RESULTS OF SUBSTITUTE WASTEWATERX1.1 The following analytical results (see Table X1.1) wereo
24、btained in a single laboratory from a single determination.This data is presented for informational purposes only and the4Union Carbide, Triton X-100 has been found to be satisfactory for this purpose.TABLE X1.1 Typical Assay Results of Substitute WastewaterAnalyte Concentration Analyte Concentratio
25、nBiological oxygen demand 570 Selenium 0.002Silver 0.0002 Tin 0.8Aluminum 0.03 Thallium 0.001Arsenic 0.001 Vanadium 0.2Boron 0.1 Mercury 0.0002Barium 0.003 Ammonia nitrogen 0.1Beryllium 0.0002 Kjeldahl nitrogen 30Calcium 10 Phosphorus 8Cobalt 0.05 Nitrite nitrogen 0.01Iron 0.1 Nitrate nitrogen 0.05P
26、otassium 26 Suspended solids 232Copper 0.01 Volatile suspended solids 198Nickel 0.003 Total solids 2200Lead 0.001 Total volatile solids 1300Cadmium 0.001 Chloride 490Chromium 0.001 Chemical oxygen demand 3500Zinc 0.02 Cyanide 0.02Magnesium 33 Ortho phosphorous 7Manganese 0.01 Sulfate 85Molybdenum 0.
27、03 Total organic carbon 1600Sodium 200 USEPA Priority Pollutant List organic compounds all below detectionAAntimony 0.003AThe Priority Pollutant List as found in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 122, Appendix D, Table II (40 CFR, Part 122) by the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, 1990.
28、 Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy Methods 624, 625, and 608 as found in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part136, Appendix A, (40 CFR, Part 136) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1990. Samples diluted 1:4 for determination of volatile components due to foa
29、ming.D 5905 98 (2008)2user of this practice should make their own determination ofbackground concentrations.X1.2 All results are in milligrams per litre.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. U
30、sers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed eve
31、ry five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techn
32、ical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 5905 98 (2008)3
