1、Designation: D5966 10Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Engine Oils for Roller Follower Wear in Light-Duty Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5966; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is continually undergoing changes to reflect refinements in procedure, obsoles-cence of p
3、arts or reagents. These changes or updates, as well as general information regarding the testmethod, are issued as information letters by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC). Copies ofinformation letters pertaining to the test method may be obtained by contacting the ASTM TestMonitoring Center.2Th
4、e test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without assistance of anyone notassociated with that laboratory. However, TMC provides reference oils and an assessment of the testresults obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether theiruse
5、 of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seekingqualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement,in connection
6、 with several military lubricant specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories which utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use these services may simply ignore those portions of the testprocedure which refer to the TMC.1. Scope1.1 This engine lubr
7、icant test method is commonly referredto as the Roller Follower Wear Test. Its primary result, rollerfollower shaft wear in the hydraulic valve lifter assembly, hasbeen correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go deliveryservice prior to 1993. It is one of the test methods required toevaluate lubri
8、cants intended to satisfy the API CG-4 perfor-mance category. This test has also been referred to as the 6.2 LTest.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalent,such a
9、s pipe fittings, thermocouple diameters, and NPT screwthreads. Also, roller follower wear is measured in mils.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safet
10、y and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Table of Contents:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Reagents 7Guidelines on Substitution 7.1Apparatus 6Preparation of Apparatus 8New Engine
11、Preparation 8.1Installation of Auxiliary Systems andMiscellaneous Components8.2Test Procedure 9Description of Test Segments and Organizationof Test Procedure Sections9.1Engine Parts Replacement 9.2Engine Starting Procedure 9.3Normal Engine Shutdown Procedure 9.4Emergency Shutdown Procedure 9.5Unsche
12、duled Shutdown and Downtime 9.6New Engine Break-In 9.7Pretest Procedure 9.8Fifty-Hour Steady State Test 9.9Periodic Measurements 9.10Oil Sampling and Oil Addition Procedures 9.11End of Test (EOT) Procedure 9.12Calculation and Interpretation of Test Results 101This test method is under the jurisdicti
13、on of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D596609. DOI:10.1520/D59
14、66-10.2ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.This edition incorporated revisions contained in all Information Letters through No.06-1.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Environment of Par
15、ts Measurement Area 10.1Roller Follower Shaft Wear Measurements 10.2Oil Analysis 10.3Assessment of Test Validity 10.4Final Test Report 11Reporting Calibration Test Results 11.1Report Forms 11.2Interim Non-Valid Calibration Test Summary 11.3Severity Adjustments 11.4Precision and Bias 12Precision 12.1
16、Precision Estimate 12.2Bias 12.3Keywords 13ANNEXESGuidelines for Test Part Substitution or Modification Annex A1Guidelines for Units and Specification Formats Annex A2Detailed Specifications of Apparatus Annex A3Calibration Annex A4Final Report Forms Annex A5Illustrations Annex A6Kinematic Viscosity
17、 at 100C Procedure for theRoller Follower Wear TestAnnex A7Enhanced Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)Procedure for Soot MeasurementAnnex A8Sources of Materials and Information Annex A9APPENDIXESPC-9 Reference Diesel Fuel Properties Appendix X1Diagnostic Data Review Appendix X22. Referenced Document
18、s2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Str
19、ip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos
20、-ity)D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petr
21、oleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of DistillateFuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Tes
22、t Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of L
23、iquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and
24、 Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits
25、 in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI):4MC96.1 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that por-tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixtureth
26、at leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase duringoperation.3.1.2 BTDC (before top dead center), nused with thedegree symbol to indicate the angular position of the crankshaftrelative to its position at the point of uppermost travel of thepiston in the cylinder.3.1.3 calibrate, vto determin
27、e the indication or output ofa device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respectto that of a standard.3.1.4 candidate oil, nan oil which is intended to have theperformance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specificationand is tested against that specification. D41753.1.5 engine oil, na
28、 liquid that reduces friction or wear, orboth, between the moving parts within an engine; removesheat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves asa combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.5.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhancecertain properties. Inhibition of engine rust
29、ing, deposit forma-tion, valve train wear, oil oxidation and foaming are examples.D41753.1.6 light-duty, adj in internal combustion engine opera-tion, characterized by average speeds, power output, andinternal temperatures that are generally much lower than thepotential maximums. D44853.1.7 light-du
30、ty engine, n in internal combustion enginetypes, one that is designed to be normally operated at substan-tially less than its peak output. D44853.1.8 lubricant, nany material interposed between twosurfaces that reduces friction or wear, or both, between them.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the
31、 ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 1
32、0036.D5966 102D41753.1.9 lubricating oil, na liquid lubricant, usually compris-ing several ingredients, including a major portion of base oiland minor portions of various additives. D41753.1.10 reference oil, nan oil of known performance char-acteristics, used as a basis for comparison.3.1.10.1 Disc
33、ussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils. D41753.1.11 used oil, nany oil that has been in a piece ofequipment (for example, an engine, gearbox, transformer, orturbine),
34、 whether operated or not. D41753.1.12 wear, nthe loss of material from a surface, gener-ally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, andresulting from mechanical or chemical action, or a combinationof both. D74224. Summary of Test Method4.1 A pre-assembled GM V8 diesel test engine is inst
35、alledon a test stand and operated for 50 h.4.2 The test engine operating conditions are generally moreextreme than typical service operating conditions. These con-ditions provide high soot loading and accelerated roller fol-lower shaft wear while maintaining correlation with wearlevels found in the
36、field.4.3 At the end of the test, the performance of the engine oilis determined by measuring the level of wear on the rollerfollower shafts.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine the ability of anengine crankcase oil to control wear that can develop in thefield under low t
37、o moderate engine speeds and heavy engineloads. Side-by-side comparisons of two or more oils in deliveryvan fleets were used to demonstrate the field performance ofvarious oils. The specific operating conditions of this testmethod were developed to provide correlation with the fieldperformance of th
38、ese oils.5.2 This test method, along with other test methods, definesthe minimum performance level of the Category API CG-4 forheavy duty diesel engine lubricants. Passing limits for thiscategory are included in Specification D4485.5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is notrepresen
39、tative of all modern diesel engines. This factor, alongwith the specific operating conditions used to accelerate wear,shall be considered when extrapolating test results.6. Apparatus6.1 A listing and complete description of all apparatus usedin the test is found in Annex A3. Information concerningpr
40、ocurement of apparatus can be found in Appendix X1.7. Reagents7.1 Guidelines on SubstitutionNo substitutions for thereagents listed in 7.1.1-7.1.3 are allowed.7.1.1 Cleaning Solvent, For cleaning parts, use only mineralspirits meeting the requirements of Specification D235, TypeII, Class C for Aroma
41、tic Content (volume fraction (0 to 2) %),Flash Point (61C, min) and Color (not darker than +25 on theSaybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale. (WarningCombustible.Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificate of Analysis for each batchof solvent from the supplier.7.1.2 Engine CoolantThe engine coolant is a solutio
42、n ofdemineralized water which has less than 0.03 g/kg dissolvedsolids and an ethylene glycol based anti-freeze mixed at thefollowing concentration70 % antifreeze and 30 % water byvolume.7.1.2.1 Demineralized Water, is used as a generic term todescribe pure water. Deionized or distilled water may als
43、o beused as long as the total dissolved solids content is less than0.03 g/kg.7.1.3 FuelApproximately 600 L of PC9 Reference Die-sel Fuel are required for each test.5(WarningCombustible.Health hazard. Use adequate safety provisions.)7.1.3.1 Fuel Batch AnalysisEach fuel shipment does notneed to be ana
44、lyzed upon receipt from the supplier. However,laboratories are responsible for periodic checks for contamina-tion. Any analysis results for parameters tested should bewithin the tolerances shown on Form 20. If any results falloutside the tolerances shown on Form 20, the laboratory shouldcontact the
45、Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2for help in resolv-ing the problem.7.1.3.2 Fuel Batch StorageThe fuel should be stored inaccordance with all applicable safety and environmental regu-lations.7.1.4 Break-In OilApproximately 8 kg of break-in oil arenecessary for new engine break-in. Break-in oil is define
46、d asany SAE 15W-40, API CG-4 quality oil.7.1.5 Non-Reference Test OilAminimum of 20 kg of newoil are required to complete the test. A25 kg sample of new oilis normally provided to allow for inadvertent losses.7.1.6 Calibration Test OilA22 kg sample of reference oilis provided by the TMC for each cal
47、ibration test.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 New Engine PreparationParagraphs 8.1.1 through8.1.8 describe preparations that are only performed on a newengine before conducting the new engine break-in.8.1.1 Engine Front Cover Installation Install the frontcover to the front of the engine block with t
48、he gasket suppliedand torque all bolts to 40 Nm.8.1.2 Oil Sump Drain LocationInstall a drain in the sumpas described in A3.9.3.7.8.1.3 Glow Plug ReplacementRemove the glow plugs andinstall 27-in. dry seal NPT socket pressure plugs. Torque theplugs to 20 Nm.8.1.4 Cold Start Solenoid Disablement Disco
49、nnect thecold start solenoid.8.1.5 Exhaust ManifoldsCheck the flanges to ensure thegasket surfaces are not distorted. Install the required water-cooled exhaust manifolds with the discharge toward the rear ofthe engine. Use the special studs supplied with the manifolds,and torque the studs to 30 Nm.5Available from Chevron Phillips, Phillips 66 Co., Marketing Services Center,P.O. Box 968, Borger, TX 790080968.D5966 1038.1.6 Rocker Arm Cover PreparationInstall a new seal toeach rocker arm cover lid. Install a new gasket on each rockerarm cover m
