1、Designation: D5968 06 (Reapproved 2013)D5968 14Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Corrosiveness of Diesel Engine Oil at 121 C1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5968; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe method described in this test method is based on the gas turbine lubricant corrosion andoxidation
3、 test described in Federal Test Method Standard 791, Method 5308. Because this test methodrelates to corrosion in diesel engines rather than in gas turbines, temperatures, metal coupons, andcertain parts of the test procedure were modified to be more appropriate for heavy duty diesel engines.The met
4、hod described in this test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, withoutoutside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 provides reference oils andan assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A1). By thesemeans, the labor
5、atory will know whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similarto those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizethe TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Armyimposes
6、such a requirement in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer to
7、the TMC.This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the method (see Annex A1). For otherinformation, refer to the research report on the Cummins Bench Corrosion Test.31. Scope Scope*1.1 This test
8、 method is used to test diesel engine lubricants to determine their tendency to corrode various metals, specificallyalloys of lead and copper commonly used in cam followers and bearings. Correlation with field experience has been established.41.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as s
9、tandard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
10、applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 5.3.1, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.11, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.5, and 7.4.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:5D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD5185
11、 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method1 This test method is under the jurisdicti
12、on ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013May 1, 2014. Published October 2013May 2014. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved
13、 in 20062013 asD5968 06.D5968 06 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5968-06R13.10.1520/D5968-14.2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. (http:/www.astmtmc.cmu.edu/)3 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Rep
14、ort RR:D02-1322. The research report and thistest method are supplemented by Information Letters and Memoranda issued by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center. This edition incorporates revisions contained in allinformation letters through No. 051.131. Users of this test method shall contact the ASTM Test
15、 Monitoring Center to obtain the most recent of these.4 Wang, J. C., and Cusano, C. M., “Development of A Bench Test to Detect Oils Corrosive to Engine Components,” SAE Technical Paper No. 940790, 1994.5 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Servi
16、ce at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous
17、 version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes
18、 section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 U.S. Federal Test Method Standards:6Federal Test Method Standard 791, Method 5308.7 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Light Oils (M
19、etal Squares)3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Four metal coupons of copper, lead, tin, and phosphor bronze are immersed in a measured amount of engine oil. The oil,at an elevated temperature, is blown with air for a period of time. When the test is completed, the coupons and the stressed oilare examined
20、 to detect corrosion.3.2 An industrial reference oil is tested with each group of tests to verify test acceptability.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to simulate the corrosion process of non-ferrous metals in diesel lubricants. The corrosionprocess under investigation is that
21、believed to be induced primarily by inappropriate lubricant chemistry rather than lubricantdegradation or contamination. This test method has been found to correlate with an extensive fleet database containingcorrosion-induced cam and bearing failures.5. Apparatus5.1 The main apparatus consists of t
22、he following items of standard wall borosilicate glassware as shown in Figs. 1-6.5.1.1 Main Sample Tube, Fig. 1.5.1.2 Sample Tube Head, Fig. 2.5.1.3 Air Tube, Fig. 3.5.1.4 Thermocouple Tube, Fig. 4.5.1.5 Condenser, Allihn Type, Fig. 5.5.1.6 Assembled Apparatus, Fig. 6.5.2 Additional glassware items
23、and assembly accessories needed are:5.2.1 Spacers (for metal specimen), of borosilicate glass, standard wall, 9 mm 9 mm outside diameter, 6 mm length.5.2.2 Oil Sampling Tube, Borosilicate Glass, 4 mm outside diameter, with sampling end approximately 600 mm to reach intomain sample tube. Tube is bent
24、 U-shape with exit end fitted by a one-hole stopper to a 25 mL filtering flask. Exit end may be anyconvenient length.6 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.FIG. 1 Sample TubeD5968 1425.2.3 Adapter, 7,8 Polytetr
25、afluoroethylene for 10/18 joint for sealing of air tube to sample tube head.5.3 Other items and equipment are:5.3.1 Heating Bath, constant temperature control within 60.5 C (61 F) of test temperature with an immersion depth of 23 cmto 35 cm. Oil or aluminum baths are recommended. (WarningThere are e
26、xposed hot surfaces on apparatus. Avoid skin contactby use of protective equipment.)7 A satisfactory source for this item is Kontes Glass Co., Vineland, NJ 08360.8 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is noted in the adjoining footnote. If you are aware of a
27、lternative suppliers, please providethis information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.FIG. 2 Sample Tube HeadFIG. 3 Air TubeD5968 1435.3.2 Hood Ventilation, to adequately remove fumes dur
28、ing heating.5.3.3 Air Supply, use air from a clean, dry source.5.3.4 Flowmeter, capable of measuring 10 L/h 6 1 L/h.5.3.5 Balance, analytical sensitivity 0.1 mg.5.3.6 Balance, Laboratory, 2500 g capacity, 0.1 g sensitivity.5.3.7 Microscope, with 20-diameter magnification.5.3.7 Assembly Fixture, wood
29、 slotted to hold coupons squares (assembly as shown in Fig. 7) for tying with wire.5.3.8 When air needs to be conditioned there is a need for an air drier. The method used is optional provided the aircharacteristics of 5.3.3 are attained. For drying, a satisfactory method is the use of a glass colum
30、n containing 8-mesh anhydrouscalcium sulfate with a column diameter such that velocity of air does not exceed 1.2 m/min.5.3.9 Oven, optional, to dry glassware at elevated temperature.FIG. 4 Thermocouple TubeFIG. 5 Condenser, Allihn TypeD5968 1445.3.10 Forceps, stainless steel.5.3.11 Thermocouple.5.3
31、.12 Brush, short-bristled, stiff (old-style typewriter cleaning brush or equivalent).FIG. 6 Assembled ApparatusFIG. 7 Arrangement of Metal CouponsD5968 1456. Reagents and Materials6.1 Purity of ReagentsUse reagent grade chemicals in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reag
32、entsconform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where suchspecifications are available.96.2 Metal Specimens: 10,86.2.1 Coupons, 0.081 cm thick by 2.5 cm square, one each, with two drilled holes (as shown in Fig. 7), as follows:6.2.1.1 Copper
33、 (R401-A),6.2.1.2 Lead (R401-lead),6.2.1.3 Tin (R401-tin), and6.2.1.4 Phosphor Bronze (R401-LEADz).6.3 Nichrome Wire, clean (for tying coupons together).6.4 Abrasive Paper, 240 grit aluminum oxide and 400 grit silicon-carbide.11 Do not use iron-containing abrasives such as naturalemery.6.5 Cotton, a
34、bsorbent.6.6 Acetone (ACS), sulfur-free. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.hazard.)6.7 Degreasing Solvents, Trichlorotrifluorethane or 1,1,1-trichloroethane. heptane. (WarningHarmful if inhaled.)Flammable.Health hazard.)6.8 Glassware Cleaning Solution, mix 35 mL Contrad (trademarked) 70.of12saturated
35、,sodium8 dichromate (aqueous) solutionand 1000 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. (WarningCauses severe burns.)Health hazard.)6.9 Carbon Remover for Glassware13,8, Oakite Stripper R-8. (WarningCorrosive, causes severe burns.)6.10 Tetrahydrofuran. (WarningToxic and flammable. Health hazard.)6.10 Napht
36、ha, Aromatic. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)6.11 Filter Paper.6.12 Kimwipe Tissues, or similar.6.13 Industrial Reference Oil. 27. Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Cleaning of Glassware from Previous Run:7.1.1 Rinse all glassware items and the air tube adapter with degreasing solvent to remove residua
37、l oil, and air dry.(WarningHarmful if inhaled.)7.1.2 Fill or immerse the sample tube, air tube, and the 9 mm glass spacers in carbon remover at room temperature untilcarbonaceous deposits are removed. Water rinse after removal. (WarningCorrosive, causes severe burns.)7.1.3 Wash all glassware items a
38、nd the air tube adapter with detergent.14,8 Rinse with water to remove detergent, and dry.7.1.4 Store all items in a dust free cabinet until needed for test. If stored longer than one week, rinse again with distilled waterbefore use, and dry.7.1.5 A more elaborate glass cleaning procedure can be use
39、d, if it is for a given situation. This cleaning procedure is necessaryin a referee situation unless a cleaning solution can be used which is satisfactory to all parties involved. Fill and immerse allglassware items with glassware cleaning solution and soak for 3 h to 16 h. (WarningCorrosive, causes
40、 severe burns.)7.1.6 Remove glassware from cleaning solution, rinse several times with tap water, followed by distilled water, and oven dry.7.2 Cleaning of Glassware (New):7.2.1 Proceed as in 7.1.3 and 7.1.6 in that order (omit 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.4, and 7.1.5).7.3 AssemblyAssemble as shown in Fig. 6
41、using only the test oil to lubricate glass joints during assembly.7.4 Preparation of Metal Specimens:9 Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed bythe American Chemical Society, see An
42、nual Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and NationalFormulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.10 Satisfactory metal specimens may be obtained from: Test Engineering, Inc. (TEI), 12718 Cimarron Path, San Ant
43、onio, TX 78249-3423. This is the only coupon sourceto be used for obtaining a valid reference run and data for certification.11 Suitable abrasive paper meeting these specifications is included with the metal coupons from the source indicated in 6.2.12 Contrad 70 is available from Decon Laboratories,
44、 Inc., 460 Glennie Circle, King of Prussia, PA 19406, (800) 3326647.13 Oakite Stripper R-8 is available from Oakite Products, Inc., 50 Valley Rd., Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922. It has been found satisfactory for this purpose.14 A detergent found satisfactory is Alconox made by Alconox, Inc., 215 Park
45、Ave. S., New York, NY 10003.D5968 1467.4.1 Wash a length of the metal tying wire with tetrahydrofuran and acetone and allow to dry. (WarningThis and thefollowing preparation processes should be performed under a fume hood.)7.4.2 The metal squares are prepared as follows:7.4.2.1 Using the 240 grit ab
46、rasive paper, remove all surface blemishes from both sides and all four edges of each square, andany burrs from the drilled holes. Finish polishing with 400 grit paper wetted by acetone to remove marks from previous polishing.A good technique is to place abrasive paper on a flat surface, then rub th
47、e specimen with longitudinal strokes in a directionperpendicular to that used with 240 grit paper. Use a different sheet of paper for each metal type.7.4.2.2 In all succeeding steps, handle the squares only with tongs or filter paper until the final weighing. If large defects orparticles are present
48、 on the metal coupons, course sand paper should be used first to remove them; this is followed by polishingwith the 240 and 400 grit abrasive paper.(1) Store the polished metal coupon in tetrahydrofuranacetone and proceed until all coupons are polished.(2) Remove each square from the tetrahydrofuran
49、,acetone, clean all metal dust from the square by rubbing vigorously withclean pads of absorbent cotton until a fresh pad remains unsoiled.(3) Wash squares in tetrahydrofuranacetone and allow them to dry in a dessicator.(4) Immediately weigh each square to within 0.1 mg.(5) Arrange all squares in the wooden assembly fixture in the pattern shown in Fig. 7. The sequence should be: lead, copper,tin, phosphor bronze.7.4.2.3 Using only forceps to handle the clean wire, tie the squares together as shown in Fig. 7.8. Procedure8.1 Preparation for New Test Set
