1、Designation: D 5983 06An American National StandardStandard Specification forMethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for DownstreamBlending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5983; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements for
3、fuel grademethyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminalblending, or downstream blending with fuels for spark-ignitionengines. Other MTBE grades may be available for blendingthat are not covered by this specification.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. Th
4、e values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD 156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Prod-ucts (Saybolt Chromometer Method)D 381 Test Method for Gum C
5、ontent in Fuels by JetEvaporationD 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD 4045 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byHydrogenolysis and Rateometric ColorimetryD 4052 Test Method f
6、or Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density MeterD 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD 4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Con-tamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Proce-dures)D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petrol
7、eum andPetroleum ProductsD 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationD 4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline andGasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)D 5441 Test Method for Analysis of Methyl Tert-ButylEther (MTBE) by Gas ChromatographyD 5854
8、 Practice for Mixing and Handling of LiquidSamples of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsE 203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl FischerTitrationE 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE 1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids byCoulometric Karl Fischer Titration3. Terminology3.
9、1 Definitions:3.1.1 methanol, nthe chemical compound CH3OH.3.1.2 methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), nthe chemicalcompound (CH3)3COCH3C5H12O.3.1.3 oxygenate, nan oxygen-containing ashless, organiccompound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used asa fuel or fuel supplement.4. Performance Requ
10、irements4.1 Methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, termi-nal blending, or downstream blending with fuels for groundvehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines shall conform tothe requirements of Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Prod
11、ucts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.A0 on Gasoline and Oxygenated Fuels.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 598397(2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM we
12、bsite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
13、or Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1Individual applications may require a more restrictive sulfurlimit. These requirements are to be negotiated between buyer and seller.5. Workmanship5.1 The MTBE shall be visually free of undissolved water,sediment, and suspe
14、nded matter. It shall be clear and bright atthe ambient temperature or 21C (70F), whichever is higher.5.2 The specification defines only a basic purity for thisproduct. The product shall be free of any adulterant orcontaminant that may render the material unacceptable for itscommonly used applicatio
15、ns.6. Sampling, Containers, and Sample Handling6.1 The user is strongly advised to review all intended testmethods prior to sampling in order to understand the impor-tance and effects of sampling technique, proper containers, andspecial handling required for each test method.6.2 Correct sampling pro
16、cedures are critical to obtain asample representative of the lot intended to be tested. Useappropriate procedures in Practice D 4057 or Practice E 300for manual method sampling and in Practice D 4177 forautomatic method sampling as applicable.6.3 The correct sample volume and appropriate containerse
17、lection are important decisions that can impact test results.Refer to Practice D 4306 for aviation fuel container selectionfor tests sensitive to trace contamination. Refer to PracticeD 5854 for procedures on container selection and samplemixing and handling. Where practical, MTBE should besampled i
18、n glass containers. If samples must be collected inmetal containers, do not use soldered metal containers. This isbecause the soldering flux in the containers and the lead in thesolder can contaminate the samples. Plastic containers shouldbe avoided.6.4 Sample SizeA minimum of about 2 L or 2 U.S. qu
19、artsis recommended.6.5 Lot SizeA lot shall normally consist of the amountcontained in a tanker compartment or other bulk container inwhich it is delivered. If this definition does not apply, thedefinition of a lot must be agreed upon between the supplierand purchaser.7. Test Methods7.1 The scope of
20、some of the test methods specified belowdo not include MTBE. The precision of those test methods maydiffer from the reported precisions when testing MTBE.7.2 AppearanceTest Method D 4176, Procedure 1.7.3 SulfurTest Method D 4045 (see Note 2).7.4 Solvent-Washed Gum ContentTest Method D 381,air-jet ap
21、paratus.7.5 MTBE, mass %Test Method D 5441.7.6 Methanol, mass %Test Method D 5441.7.7 API Gravity at 15.6C (60F)Practice D 1298.7.8 Density at 15CPractice D 1298 or Test MethodD 4052.7.9 Copper Strip CorrosionTest Method D 130,3hat50C (122F).7.10 Water ContentTest Methods E 203 or E 1064.7.11 Vapor
22、PressureTest Method D 4953.7.12 Color, SayboltTest Method D 156.NOTE 2Test Method D 4045 may require dilution of the sample witha sulfur-free diluent.8. Keywords8.1 automotive spark-ignition engine fuel; blending; corro-sion; impurities; methanol; methyl tertiary-butyl ether; oxy-genate; water conte
23、ntAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SIGNIFICANCE OF ASTM SPECIFICATION FOR MTBE FOR DOWNSTREAM BLENDING FOR USE IN AUTOMOTIVESPARK-IGNITION ENGINE FUELX1.1 GeneralX1.1.1 Methyl tertiary-butyl ether may be used as a blend-ing component for automotive spark-ignition engine fuel tomeet the oxygenat
24、e content requirements or improve theantiknock quality, or both, of certain types of fuels. MTBEpurchased under this specification will assist terminal ordownstream blenders in the use of MTBE as a blendingcomponent.X1.1.2 The composition of unleaded fuel is subject to therules, regulations, and Cle
25、an Air Act waivers of the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The use of oxygen-ates in blends with unleaded gasoline is described underSection 211(f) (1) of the Clean Air Act. The performancerequirements of this specification were established to helpensure that the addition (in appropriate a
26、mounts) of MTBE asTABLE 1 Performance RequirementsProperty LimitsAppearance Clear and brightColor, Saybolt, min + 5Sulfur, mg/kg, max 300Solvent-washed gum content, mg/100 mL, max 5.0Copper strip corrosion, max 1MTBE, mass %, min 95.0Methanol, mass% , max 0.5Vapor pressure, kPa (psi), max 62 (9.0)Wa
27、ter, mass %, max 0.10API gravity at 15.6C (60F) or density at 15C,kg/LReportD5983062described in this specification would not be detrimental to theproperties of the fuel blend.X1.2 AppearanceX1.2.1 Methyl tertiary-butyl ether as covered by this speci-fication is a relatively pure material. Suspended
28、 materials,sediments, or contaminants in the MTBE which cause a cloudyor colored appearance may adversely affect the performance ofthe finished fuel blend in automotive spark-ignition engines.Also, a cloudy or colored appearance may indicate excessivewater or contamination by materials not directly
29、measuredunder this specification.X1.3 SulfurX1.3.1 Sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds contributeto engine wear, deterioration of engine oil, exhaust catalystdeactivation, and corrosion of exhaust system parts in spark-ignition engine systems. The limit on sulfur is included toensure that the fin
30、ished blend of fuel is not detrimental to thesesystems.X1.4 Solvent-Washed Gum ContentX1.4.1 The test for solvent-washed gum content measuresthe amount of residue after evaporation of the fuel componentand following a heptane wash. The heptane wash removes theheptane-soluble, nonvolatile material su
31、ch as additives, carrieroils used with additives, and diesel fuels. Solvent-washed gumconsists of fuel-insoluble gum and fuel-soluble gum. Thefuel-insoluble portion can clog fuel filters. Both can bedeposited on surfaces when the fuel evaporates. The solvent-washed gum content test may also indicate
32、 contamination ofthe methyl tertiary-butyl ether during shipping and storage.The limit is included to ensure that finished blends of gasolinedo not contain excess solvent-washed gum and handlingcontamination is minimized.X1.4.2 Solvent-washed gum can contribute to deposits onthe surfaces of carburet
33、ors, fuel injectors, and intake mani-folds, ports, valves, and valve guides. The impact of solvent-washed gum on malfunctions of modern engines is not wellestablished, and the current limit has been assumed from thehistoric gasoline limit rather than from any recent correlativework. It depends on wh
34、ere the deposits form, the presence ofother deposit precursors such as airborne debris, blowby andexhaust gas, recirculation gases, and oxidized engine oil, andthe amount of deposits.X1.4.3 Because the precision statements for Test MethodD 381 were developed using only data on hydrocarbons, theymay
35、not be applicable to MTBE.X1.5 Copper Strip CorrosionX1.5.1 Fuels must pass the copper strip corrosion test tominimize corrosion in fuel systems due to sulfur compounds inthe fuel. This limit is included to ensure that the methyltertiary-butyl ether does not contribute to copper corrosion.X1.6 Methy
36、l Tertiary-Butyl Ether PurityX1.6.1 The methyl tertiary-butyl ether minimum puritylevel limits the quantities of contaminants. Some organiccompounds other than MTBE may adversely affect the prop-erties of finished fuel blends.X1.7 Methanol ContentX1.7.1 Methanol is one of the reactants in the produc
37、tion ofMTBE and is a potential contaminant. Methanol contributes tovapor pressure increase and poorer water tolerance of finishedfuel blends. The U.S. EPA substantially similar rule limits themethanol content of unleaded fuels. Therefore, it is necessaryto limit the methanol content of MTBE.X1.8 Wat
38、er ContentX1.8.1 Blends of MTBE and hydrocarbon gasoline have alimited solvency for water. This solvency will vary with thechemical composition, temperature, and MTBE content of thefuel. Excess water (which may be soluble in the MTBE) maynot be soluble in the gasoline-MTBE blend and could result ina
39、 hazy fuel that does not meet the clear and bright requirementof Specification D 4814. The water content of MTBE used forblending with hydrocarbon gasoline is limited to reduce therisk of haze formation.X1.9 Vapor PressureX1.9.1 The vapor pressure of a finished fuel blend must behigh enough to ensur
40、e ease of engine starting. Excessive vaporpressure, however, may contribute to vapor lock or highevaporative emissions and running losses.X1.9.2 The vapor pressure of MTBE is controlled to pre-vent adversely affecting the vapor pressure of the finishedblend. A vapor pressure in excess of the value s
41、pecified inSection 4 may indicate contamination by a light hydrocarbon.Therefore, the vapor pressure must be controlled.D5983063SUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.A0 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D 598397(2002) that may impact the use of this s
42、tandard.(1) Added Practices D 4177, D 4306, and D 5854 to theReferenced Documents section.(2) Deleted original Section 6 and replaced with new Section6.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Us
43、ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed ever
44、y five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techni
45、cal committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D5983064
