1、Designation: D 6089 97 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Guide forDocumenting a Ground-Water Sampling Event1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6089; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers what and how information should berecorded in the field when sampling a ground-water monitoringwell. Following
3、 these recommendations will provide adequatedocumentation in most monitoring programs. In some situa-tions, it may be necessary to record additional or differentinformation, or both, to thoroughly document the samplingevent. In other cases, it may not be necessary to record all ofthe information rec
4、ommended in this guide. The level ofdocumentation will be based on site-specific conditions andregulatory requirements.1.2 This guide is limited to written documentation of aground-water sampling event. Other methods of documenta-tion (that is, electronic and audiovisual) can be used but are notaddr
5、essed in this guide. The specific activities addressed in thisguide include documentation of static water level measure-ment, monitoring well purging, monitoring well sampling, fieldmeasurements, ground-water sample preparation, and ground-water sample shipment.1.3 This standard does not purport to
6、address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of info
7、rmationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action. This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to
8、 repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged, nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedt
9、hrough the ASTM consensus process.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface LiquidLevels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (ObservationWell)2D 5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Non-Radioactive Waste Sites2D 5608 Practice for Deon
10、tamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Low-Level Radioactive Waste Sites2D 5903 Guide for Planning and Preparing for a Ground-Water Sampling Event32.2 Government Document:40 CFR 261.4 (d) (ii)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer toTerminology D 653.3.
11、2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 chain of custodythe process of maintaining account-ability of the samples for the purpose of identifying potentialbreaches in sample integrity.3.2.2 chain of custody recorda record of all individualswho possess the samples from the time of colle
12、ction untilanalysis.4. Significance and Use4.1 When sampling ground-water monitoring wells, it isvery important to thoroughly document all field activities.Sufficient field data should be retained to allow one toreconstruct the procedures and conditions that may haveaffected the integrity of a sampl
13、e. The field data generated arevital to the interpretation of the chemical data obtained fromlaboratory analyses of samples. Field data and observationsmay also be useful to analytical laboratory personnel.5. Documentation Methods5.1 Field records should be generated by a member of thesampling team.
14、 It is important to record procedures used andmeasurements immediately after they have been accomplishedand are fresh in the memory. In general, notes should not betaken after returning from the field.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D 18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct resp
15、onsibility of Subcommittee D 18.21 on Ground Water andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published January 1998.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.4Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
16、Office, Washington, DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 The format of the documentation is discretionary, butshould be consistent from well to well and in accordance withregulatory requirements. Forms are oft
17、en used for consistencyand to reduce the chance of failing to record needed informa-tion. It may be desirable for records to be entered with indelibleink in a hard cover, stitch-bound book for credibility inlitigation.6. Documentation Content6.1 General:6.1.1 Record the facility or site name, or bot
18、h, and the wellidentification.6.1.2 Record the weather conditions.6.1.3 Record the names of all sampling team members.6.1.4 Record any instrument calibration details to includeinstrument identification and date and time of last calibration.6.1.5 Note any changes in the physical condition of the well
19、.6.1.6 Note changes in land use or physical conditions of thesite.6.1.7 Record wellhead observations and measurements (forexample, odor, organic vapor measurements).6.1.8 Record any quality control samples collected or pre-pared in the field.6.1.9 Describe decontamination procedures for non-dedicate
20、d equipment (See Practice D 5088 and D 5608).6.1.10 Record any deviations from the sampling and analy-sis plan.6.2 Static Water Level Measurement:6.2.1 Record the depth to water in the well from a referencepoint of known elevation. Optimally, there will be a mark ornotch on the well casing to indica
21、te the exact reference point(See Test Method D 4750).6.2.2 Record the reference point from which the measure-ment was taken (that is, ground surface, top of well casing, topof protective casing).6.2.3 Document the presence and estimated thickness of animmiscible layer.6.2.4 Record the total depth of
22、 the well from either histori-cal records or actual measurement.6.2.5 Record the units of the measurement (that is, feet ormetres).6.2.6 Record the method or equipment (include serial num-ber) used for measuring the depth to water in the well.6.2.7 Record the date and time that the water level ismea
23、sured.6.2.8 Record any other relevant information (for example,were any nearby wells being pumped).6.3 Monitoring Well Purging:6.3.1 Briefly describe the purging method used.6.3.2 Record the calculated purge volume (if applicable).6.3.3 Record the volume of water removed from the well.Indicate if th
24、e well was purged to dryness.6.3.4 Record all measurements taken during purging (thatis, water levels, indicator parameter levels, organic vapormonitoring data).6.3.5 Record the pumping rate, if known.6.3.6 Record the type of equipment used to purge the well.Include the materials of construction of
25、the equipment used.6.3.7 Record the length of time spent purging the well.6.3.8 Record the appearance of the water before and afterpurging.6.3.9 Record the date and time that well purging is com-pleted.6.3.10 Briefly describe management of purged water.6.4 Monitoring Well Sampling:6.4.1 Record the a
26、nalytes for which samples are beingcollected.6.4.2 Record the order, by analyte, that sample containersare filled.6.4.3 Record the volume, material of construction, andnumber of sample containers.6.4.4 Record the equipment used to collect the samples.This should include a description of any componen
27、t materialsused that contact the ground water (for example, tubing, pumpparts, bailer material, etc.).6.4.5 Record the pumping rate, if applicable.6.4.6 Record the date and approximate time that the sam-pling is accomplished.6.4.7 Record the general appearance of the sample (that iscolor, clarity).6
28、.4.8 Note any problems or unusual events during thesampling.6.4.9 Record the name of the person collecting the sample.6.5 Field Measurements:6.5.1 Record all field measurement data.6.5.2 Record the units of measurement for each measure-ment taken.6.5.3 Record all of the equipment/instrumentation use
29、d forfield measurements and any calibration activities to includecalibration standard information and date and time of calibra-tion.6.5.4 Record the date and time that field measurements aretaken.6.6 Ground-Water Sample Preparation:6.6.1 Record the method of ground-water sample filtration,filter typ
30、e and medium, and for which analytes filtration isperformed.6.6.2 Record any chemical preservatives used.6.6.3 Record the manner of storage and shipment of samples(that is, refrigeration and packaging methods)6.6.4 Record the name of the person who performs thesample preparation.6.7 Sample Container
31、 LabelingGround-water samplesshould be labeled such that they will be intact and legible evenif wet. The labels should contain, at a minimum, the followinginformation: sample identification number, name of collector,date and time of collection, site identification, parameter(s)requested, and preserv
32、ation methods.6.8 Ground-Water Sample Shipment:6.8.1 Record the method of shipment.6.8.2 Record the type and number of shipping containers.6.8.3 Note if a temperature check sample is included in theshipping container.6.8.4 Provide a chain of custody record in each shippingcontainer identifying the e
33、xact contents of that container. At aminimum, the chain of custody records should list the siteidentification, the sample identifiers and analyses required,D 6089 97 (2003)2container sizes and types, chemical preservatives used, sam-pling dates, shipping date, and the samples preparers name.6.8.5 Ot
34、her information that must accompany each shippingcontainer as required in 40 CFR 261.4(d)(ii) follows: “thesample collectors name, mailing address, and telephone num-ber; the laboratorys name, mailing address, and telephonenumber; the quantity of the sample; the date of shipment; anda description of
35、 the sample”.6.9 Analytical Request FormsThe analytical laboratorywill need a written request for analytical support. The requestis usually generated before the sampling event; however, acopy of the request or other forms for laboratory use may needto be included in the sample shipment. The laborato
36、ry willinstruct the project manager on the forms to be submitted fortheir use. Analytical request forms may include project man-agers name, organization and phone number; project numberor identifier; project location; brief description of the projectobjectives; any known contaminants associated with
37、 theproject site, when sample containers and preservatives areneeded; date samples will arrive; number and types of samplesfor each analyte; date results needed; desired detection limitsand analytical methods; and, remarks or other special require-ments.7. Keywords7.1 documentation; ground-water sam
38、pling; monitoringwellASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringemen
39、t of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or f
40、or additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views know
41、n to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 6089 97 (2003)3
