1、Designation: D 6210 06Standard Specification forFully-Formulated Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycol base coolants for cooling systems of he
3、avy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % glycolconcentration by volume in water of suitable quality, (seeAppendix X1), or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants(50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during both winter and summer
4、toprovide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirementsfor engine coolants prepared from virgin or recycled ethyleneor propylene glycol.NOTE 1Committee D15 has not substantially studied the impact ofusing recycled glycols
5、from sources such as: glycol bottoms polyester manufacturing waste aircraft and runway deicers medical wasteto prepare engine coolants. However, several serious cases of very poor perfor-mance have been reported and substantiated in heavy duty fleets when recycledglycols from sources such as above h
6、ave been used to prepare engine coolants.Efforts are underway to more clearly define the purity requirements for glycolsused to prepare engine coolants meeting this specification, whether from recycledengine coolants or other sources.1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized a
7、s follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI-FF Ethylene glycol base concentrateII-FF Propylene glycol base concentrateIII-FF Ethylene glycol predilute (50 vol %)IV-FF Propylene glycol predilute (50 vol %)1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do notrequire any addition of Supplemental Coolant A
8、dditive (SCA)until the first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose ofSCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy dutyengine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinderliner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by andare the primary responsibility of the engin
9、e manufacturer orvehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, followthe SCA suppliers instructions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concern
10、s, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD
11、1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD 3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by ChemicallySuppressed Ion ChromatographyD 5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Co
12、ncen-trates2.2 Other Standards:4Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103105C3. General Requirements3.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all ofthe respective requirements of Specification D 3306.3.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi-luted coolant, whe
13、n maintained with maintenance doses ofSCAin accordance with the engine manufacturers recommen-dations, and those on the product label, shall be suitable for usein a properly maintained cooling system in normal service fora minimum of two years (see Appendix X1).1This specification is under the juris
14、diction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.07 on Specifications.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 6210 - 04.2A research report is available fro
15、m ASTM International Headquarters. RequestRR:D151023.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Standar
16、d Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 1015 15th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 200051Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Additional Requirements4.1 The coolant conc
17、entrate or prediluted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head, head spacer, upper cylinder liner, orliquid cooled e
18、xhaust manifold. ASTM has test methods underdevelopment for both cavitation corrosion and hot surfacescaling. Until these procedures are approved as ASTM stan-dards, the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shall apply.4.2 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50 ppm sul
19、fate ion.5. Keywords5.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant;supplemental coolant additive maintenance doseANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive inf
20、luence on reducing cavitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required.A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseengines” or in engines fully integrated i
21、nto an application, suchas a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. Onesuch test has been developed.5A1.2 Several chemical compositions have been testedextensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-ing eith
22、er of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requirements of A1.1:A1.2.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 ppm in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.2.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42) in the 50 volume %predilute coola
23、nt of 780 ppm. At least 300 ppm each of NO2and MoO42must be present.A1.2.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolantconcentrates.A1.3 Chemical composition requirements for cavitationcorrosion protection will be removed from this specificationand replaced with anASTM test method when a test me
24、thod isdeveloped and adopted.A1.4 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspecification must contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertypes) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesiumcompounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No
25、 specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistancehave been established at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment and will be incorporated into the specificationwhen a procedure is approved by ASTM.A1.5 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCAproducts ch
26、emistry results in chemical ingredient dropoutfrom solution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle orengine cooling system.Atest procedure for compatibility (TestMethod D 5828) has been approved and will be incorporatedinto the specification when limits are determined.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory I
27、nformation)X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy dutyengine consists of water and fully formulated heavy dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Water:5“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated
28、 Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 150960001.D6210062X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or corrosive mate
29、rials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality that it does not contain excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehicle manu-facture, see Table X1.1. Conta
30、ct your local water department,the responsible government agency, or submit a water samplefor analysis if there is a question on water quality.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintainedbetween 40 and 60 % glycol by volume, depending on theengine operating env
31、ironment. Freeze protection will be pro-vided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume% minimum) should be used without further dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be added to t
32、he prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycol content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2)X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the freeze protectio
33、n provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat compositions below those defined in Annex A1.2 may notprovide long term protection against cavitation corrosion (linerpitting). User experience and published information shows thepresence of nitrite in an
34、SCA or fully-formulated heavy-dutycoolant is particularly effective in providing maximum protec-tion.X1.1.4.3 New technology consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upondemonstration of performanc
35、e. Such demonstrations can con-sist of comparative laboratory cavitation tests or comparativedamage rating from testing in operating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties. An engine test has been devel-oped.5X1.2 Coolant Maintenance
36、Recommendations:X1.2.1 If any of the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X1.2.4
37、Use water that meets the requirement in Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as a refrac-tometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for freezeprotections.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Testkits
38、shall indicate the degree of liner pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels whencoolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions formak
39、e-up.X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recommended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, and liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate asm
40、ake-up coolant for coolant Types I-FF and II-FF.X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in TypeI-FF and Type II-FF coolants. A coolant concentrate levelgreater than 68 % actually reduces freeze protection in ethyl-ene glycol base coolants. The
41、 maximum recommended coolantconcentrate level is 60 % which provides the freeze protectionshown in X1.1.2.X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolantconcentrate. Over-concentration can result in plugged radia-tors, heater cores, and ch
42、arge air coolers and can also causewater pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse coolant that has been drained froma vehicle.X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcoh
43、ol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other cooling systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.TABLE X1.1 Suggested Wat
44、er Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values Test MethodTotal solids, ppm (grains/gal) 340 (20) max Fed Method 2540BBTotal hardness, ppm (grains/gal) 170 (10) max D 1126Chloride (Cl), ppm (grains/gal) 40 (2.4) max D 4327Sulfate (SO4), ppm (grains/gal) 100 (5.9) max D 4327pH 5.5 to 9.0 D 1293AAdopted f
45、rom a survey by the D 15 Water Quality Task Force.BFederal Method 2540B, “Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103105C.”4TABLE X1.2 Freeze ProtectionApproximate Freeze Protection Temperature, C (F)Glycol Content, % Coolant Type I-FF Coolant Type II-FF40 24 (12) 21 (6)50 37 (34) 32 (26)60 52 (62) 48 (54)D
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49、Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D6210064
