1、Designation: D6343 10An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forThin Thermally Conductive Solid Materials for ElectricalInsulation and Dielectric Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of test methods forevaluating
3、 properties of thermally conductive electrical insu-lation sheet materials to be used for dielectric applications.1.2 Such materials are thin, compliant sheets, typicallyproduced by mixing thermally conductive particulate fillerswith organic or silicone binders. For added physical strengththese mate
4、rials are often reinforced with a woven or nonwovenfabric or a dielectric film.1.3 These test methods apply to thermally conductive sheetmaterial ranging from about 0.02 to 6-mm thickness.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
5、theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 18.1.2 and19.1.2.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.NOTE 1There is no IEC publication or
6、 ISO standard equivalent to thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-mittivity (Dielect
7、ric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insula-tionD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD374M Test Methods for Thickness of Solid ElectricalInsulation (Metric)D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength
8、of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1000 Test Methods for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic App
9、lica-tionsD1458 Test Methods for Fully Cured Silicone Rubber-Coated Glass Fabric and Tapes for Electrical InsulationD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD5470 Test Method for Thermal Transmission Properties ofThermally Conductive El
10、ectrical Insulation MaterialsD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Ma-terials for Testing3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 apparent thermal conductivity, nthe time rate ofheat flow, under steady conditions, through unit area, per unittemperature g
11、radient in the direction perpendicular to the area,for a nonhomogeneous material.3.1.1.1 See 16.1 for a discussion of the terms thermalconductivity and apparent thermal conductivity. To avoidconfusion, these test methods use apparent thermal conductiv-ity for measurements of homogeneous and nonhomog
12、eneousmaterials.3.1.2 See Terminologies D1711 and D883 for definitions ofother terms used in these test methods.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.19 on Dielectric
13、Sheet and Roll Products.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6343 99(2004).DOI: 10.1520/D6343-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at
14、serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are u
15、seful to determine complianceof thermally conductive sheet electrical insulation with speci-fication requirements established jointly by a producer and auser.4.2 These test methods have been found useful for qualityassessment. Results of the test methods can be useful inapparatus design.5. Specimen
16、Preparation5.1 From a sample of sufficient size, prepare test specimensof the dimensions and of the quantity to meet the requirementsfor each test procedure.6. Conditioning6.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition specimens in ac-cordance with ProcedureAof Practice D6054. Perform all testson specime
17、ns that are in equilibrium with the conditions ofProcedure A of Practice D6054. Make the tests in a chambermaintained at 23 6 2C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.6.2 When required by a test procedure, condition specimensin accordance with Procedure D of Practice D6054 except thateither distilled or de
18、ionized water are permitted to be used. Insuch cases, remove the specimens from the water into airmaintained at 23 6 2C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity,remove surface water with a paper towel, and begin testingwithin 30 s.7. Precision and Bias7.1 No evaluation of precision or bias has been establishe
19、dfor the test methods herein as they relate to these thin thermallyconductive materials. For general guidance only, it is suitableto make reference to Precision and Bias statements in thereferenced test methods as listed in Section 2.8. Thickness8.1 Significance and UseThe accurate determination oft
20、hickness is essential for design purposes for both thermalconduction and electrical insulation. Thickness enters into thecalculation of thermal, electrical, and tensile properties.8.2 Procedure:8.2.1 Make thickness measurements on specimens in accor-dance with Test Methods D374M, Method H. This test
21、 methoduses a micrometer which applies a pressure of 26 6 4 kPa onthe specimen, using a 6.25-mm diameter presser foot.8.2.2 Clean the surfaces where the measurements are to bemade. Take five randomly spaced measurements to cover thelength and width of the specimen. Take measurements at least6 mm fro
22、m the edges of the specimen.NOTE 2At the compressive loads of this test method, some materialswill undergo compression or compression deflection. It is important forthe buyer and seller to agree on other conditions of pressure, anvil andpresser foot geometry, and the dwell time to be used.8.3 Report
23、Report the thickness in millimetres as theaverage of the five measurements.9. Adhesion Strength9.1 Significance and UseMaterials covered by this testmethod are optionally coated with a pressure sensitive adhesiveon one or both sides. In some cases performance in a particularapplication can be affect
24、ed by the adhesion strength.9.2 ProcedureTest three specimens of 25-mm width inaccordance with Test Methods D1000 except, clean the steelpanel with isopropyl alcohol.9.3 CalculationFrom the three specimens, calculate theaverage adhesion strength.9.4 ReportReport the average adhesion strength in new-
25、tons per metre of width.10. Breaking Strength10.1 Significance and UseIn some cases, breakingstrength is a significant limitation on methods of applyingtapes. Hence, measurements of the tensile force they are able towithstand are potentially important data.10.2 Procedure:10.2.1 Prepare three specime
26、ns at least 500 mm long and 25mm wide. If the material contains reinforcing fibers, cut the testspecimen such that the machine direction reinforcing fibers areparallel to the long axis of the specimen. In the case ofmaterials narrower than 25 mm, test the full width as received.10.2.2 Test the break
27、ing strength in accordance with TestMethods D1458.10.3 CalculationFrom the test measurements on the threespecimens, calculate the average breaking strength.10.4 ReportReport the average breaking strength in new-tons per metre of width.11. Tensile Strength and Elongation11.1 Significance and UseTensi
28、le test results with thesematerials will vary with specimen geometry and conditions oftesting. Hence, these tensile measurements are not alwaysreliable indicators of usefulness in a particular application.Tensile properties of glass-fiber-reinforced materials vary withthe ratio of the glass-fiber th
29、ickness to the total thickness.Measurements of tensile properties vary with the direction ofthe glass fibers with respect to the direction in which thespecimen is cut.11.2 Procedure:11.2.1 Prepare three specimens in accordance with TestMethods D412 using Die C.11.2.2 If the material contains reinfor
30、cing fibers, cut the testspecimen such that any reinforcing fibers are at 45 6 10 to thelong axis of the specimen.11.2.3 In accordance with Test Methods D412, measure thetensile breaking strength and tensile elongation at a jawseparation rate of 500 mm/min (20 in./min).11.3 Calculation:11.3.1 Calcul
31、ate the tensile strength in kilopascals using theinitial thickness and width for each specimen. Calculate theaverage tensile strength from the three test measurements.11.3.2 Similarly, calculate each elongation at break as apercentage of the initial jaw separation. Calculate the averagefrom the thre
32、e test measurements.11.4 ReportReport the average tensile strength in kilopas-cals and the average elongation in percent.D6343 10212. Hardness12.1 Significance and UseThis test method is empiricaland intended for control purposes only.12.2 Procedure:12.2.1 Prepare a sufficient number of specimens to
33、 form astack approximately 6 mm high.12.2.2 Determine the indentation hardness in accordancewith Test Method D2240 with the following exception:12.2.2.1 Read the scale within 2 s after the presser foot is infirm contact with the specimen.12.3 CalculationFrom the five measurements taken atdifferent l
34、ocations on the specimen, calculate the averagehardness.12.4 ReportReport the average hardness in accordancewith the Shore Hardness system.13. Specific Gravity13.1 Significance and UseSpecific gravity is a potentiallyuseful tool to help verify proper filler loading and distributionand it is informat
35、ion occasionally required by designers ofspecific applications of these materials.13.2 ProcedurePrepare two specimens of at least 650mm2in area and test in accordance with Test Methods D792,Method A-1.13.3 ReportReport the average of the two test measure-ments as the specific gravity.14. Tear Streng
36、th14.1 Significance and Use:14.1.1 In certain applications, these materials are stressedduring installation in such a way as to introduce tearing stresseson the material. Tear strength measurements provide a meansof comparing or specifying materials for such applications.14.1.2 The type of reinforce
37、ment, testing rate, and specimensize affect the tear resistance. The results obtained by this testmethod are predictive of performance only under certainspecific conditions of use.14.2 Procedure:14.2.1 Prepare three specimens using Die C of Test MethodD624.14.2.2 If the material contains reinforcing
38、 fibers, cut the testspecimen such that any reinforcing fibers are at 45 6 10 to thelong axis of the specimen (the “A” dimension of Die C).14.2.3 Measure the tear strength in accordance with TestMethods D412 using a jaw separation rate of 500 mm/min (20in./min).14.3 CalculationCalculate the tear str
39、ength for eachspecimen by dividing the maximum force by the specimenthickness. Calculate the average from the three test measure-ments.14.4 ReportReport the average tear strength in newtonsper millimetre.15. Thermal Impedance15.1 Significance and UseThermal impedance measure-ments are affected by ap
40、plied pressure, thickness, any surfaceirregularities, and uniformity of heat flow. Since the resultsobtained by these test methods represent thermal characteris-tics of a material under a specific set of conditions, it is notappropriate to use these results to predict performance in anapplication wh
41、ere conditions differ from those of the test.15.2 Procedure:15.2.1 Prepare specimens for two determinations as re-quired by either MethodAor Method B of Test Method D5470.15.2.2 Measure the thermal impedance in accordance withTest Method D5470, using a pressure of 3.0 6 0.1 MPa and anaverage specime
42、n temperature of 50 6 5C.15.3 CalculationFrom the two determinations, calculatethe average thermal impedance.15.4 ReportReport the average thermal impedance in(m2K)/W and the test method used.16. Apparent Thermal Conductivity16.1 Significance and UseThermal conductivity appliesonly to homogeneous ma
43、terials. Thermally conductive electri-cally insulating materials are heterogeneous since they typi-cally include ceramic fillers and elastomeric binders, and areoften reinforced with glass fiber or a layer of dielectric film.Hence the term apparent thermal conductivity is more appro-priate. Because
44、of the multilayer nature of these products, theapparent thermal conductivity will vary with material thick-ness.16.2 Procedure:16.2.1 Prepare specimens in accordance with either MethodA or Method B of Test Method D5470.16.2.2 In accordance with Test Methods D5470, determinethe thermal impedance of l
45、ayered stacks using 1, 2, and 3layers of specimens at 3 6 0.1-MPa pressure. Use either TestMethod A or Test Method B of Test Method D5470.16.3 CalculationCalculate the apparent thermal conduc-tivity from the slope of a plot of thermal impedance againstspecimen stack thickness.16.4 ReportReport the a
46、pparent thermal conductivity inW/(mK) and the test method used.17. Permittivity and Dissipation Factor17.1 Significance and UseTest Methods D150 discuss thesignificance of dielectric properties and dissipation factor.17.2 ProcedurePrepare four specimens. Use 75-mm di-ameter conducting paint opposed
47、electrodes. Test each speci-men at 1 kHz in accordance with Test Methods D150 in air ata temperature of 23 6 2C.17.3 ReportReport the electrodes used, the individualvalues, and the average value of permittivity and dissipationfactor for the four specimens.18. Volume Resistivity18.1 Significance and
48、Use:18.1.1 Volume resistivity is important in designing an insu-lator for a specific application. Volume resistivity is affected byhumidity and temperature. The extent of change in volumeresistivity needs to be considered in developing a design for aspecific application.18.1.2 WarningLethal voltages
49、 are a potential hazardduring the performance of this test. It is essential that the testapparatus, and all associated equipment electrically connectedD6343 103to it, be properly designed and installed for safe operation.Solidly ground all electrically conductive parts which it ispossible for a person to contact during the test. Provide meansfor use at the completion of any test to ground any parts whichwere at high voltage during the test or have the potential foracquiring an induced charge during the test or retaining acharge even after
