1、Designation: D 6354 98 (Reapproved 2008)An American National StandardStandard Guide forSampling Plan and Core Sampling of Carbon CathodeBlocks Used in Aluminum Production1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year o
2、foriginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers sampling of carbon cathode blocksused in
3、 the production of aluminum, and details procedures fortaking test samples from single cathode blocks. It coversequipment and procedures for obtaining samples from cathodeblocks in a manner that does not destroy the block or preventits subsequent use as originally intended. However, the usermust det
4、ermine the subsequent use of the sampled cathodeblocks. Preferred locations for taking samples from single unitsof cathodes are covered in this guide.1.1.1 Information for sampling of shaped refractory prod-ucts, in general, is given in ISO 5022. This standard details thestatistical basis for sampli
5、ng plans for acceptance testing of aconsignment or lot. Cathode blocks used in the production ofaluminum have specific requirements of sampling, and whilethe statistical basis for sampling given in ISO 5022 applies,further or modified requirements may also apply.1.2 The values stated in SI units are
6、 to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices
7、and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1The followingASTM standards are noted as sources of usefulinformation: Test Methods C 559, C611, C 651, C 747, C 1025, C 1039,and C 1225.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Phys
8、ical Measure-ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite ArticlesC611 Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Manufac-tured Carbon and Graphite Articles at Room TemperatureC 651 Test Method for Flexural Strength of ManufacturedCarbon and Graphite Articles Using Four-Point Loading atRoom TemperatureC
9、 747 Test Method for Moduli of Elasticity and Fundamen-tal Frequencies of Carbon and Graphite Materials by SonicResonanceC 1025 Test Method for Modulus of Rupture in Bending ofElectrode GraphiteC 1039 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Apparent Spe-cific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Graphite Electr
10、odesC 1225 Specification for Fiber-Cement Roofing Shingles,Shakes, and Slates2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 8007-1 Carbonaceous materials used in the productionof aluminum - Cathodic blocks - Sampling plan andsampling from single cathodic blocksISO 5022 Shaped refractory products - Sampling and accep-tance
11、testing3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blocka carbon cathode, a single unit.3.1.2 samplethe portion of carbon obtained from a cath-ode.3.1.3 test specimenan article prepared from a sample.4. Significance and Use4.1 Core sampling is an acceptable way of obtaining a testspecimen without destroying
12、 the usefulness of a cathode block.4.1.1 Test specimens obtained by this guide can be used byproducers and users of cathode blocks for the purpose ofconducting the tests in Note 1 to obtain comparative physicalproperties.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProduct
13、s and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.05 onProperties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 635498(2003).2For referenced AST
14、M standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th
15、 Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 Sampling shall not weaken the cathode or increase thelikelihood of premature failure. Extreme care shall be exer-cised when taking ver
16、tically drilled samples.5. Apparatus5.1 Core Drill Bit, similar to that shown in Fig. 1, driven bysuitable equipment. Use bits with cutting teeth coated withdiamond or other extremely hard material.6. Procedure6.1 Sampling locations for cathode blocks that were vi-brated, pressed, or extruded withou
17、t a collector bar slot willdiffer from those blocks that were formed with collector barslots.6.1.1 For cathode blocks without collector bar slots,samples shall be drilled from the part of the block that will bemachined out for the slot, as shown in Fig. 2. Care is to betaken to ensure that cores dri
18、lled vertical to the slot do notpenetrate beyond the depth of the slot.6.1.2 For cathode blocks with collector bar slots, samplesshall be drilled from the block, as shown in Fig. 3. If the userdetermines that cathode blocks with sample holes drilled inthem cannot be used in the electrolysis process,
19、 then it will benecessary to obtain a number of cathode blocks with the extralength, as shown in Fig. 3. The extra length will then have tobe removed prior to block use.6.2 Dimensions of a cored test sample will depend upon thetest that is to be performed on the sample. The minimumdimension (usually
20、 the diameter) shall be at least three timesthe maximum particle size of the dry aggregate used in themanufacture of the cathode block. Reference should be madeto the standards relating to the tests to be performed to ensurethat the samples taken are to suitable dimensions.6.2.1 The specific dimensi
21、ons of the test specimens to betested are normally given in the appropriate ASTM standard.Where a standard does not specify the dimensions of the testspecimen, a diameter of 30 or 50 mm is recommended. Thelength of the test specimens should be at least one and a halftimes the diameter.6.3 Place the
22、core drill bit firmly against the cathode block.Take care to maintain the bit level and true. Do not stop untilthe bit is embedded its full length. Compressed air can be usedto cool the drill bit and remove dust while drilling. Do not usewater or other liquids to cool the drill bit.6.3.1 To remove t
23、he bit, pull and twist it by hand, orcarefully withdraw the drill bit while it is rotating. To removethe core sample, insert a wedge between it and the block untilthe core snaps.7. Report7.1 The sampling report shall include the following:7.1.1 Names of producer and customer,7.1.2 Manufacturers iden
24、tification of the lot or batch ofcathode blocks being sampled,7.1.3 Reference to this guide,7.1.4 Date and place of sampling,7.1.5 If extra length cathode blocks were available forsampling, the proportion and number are to be noted,7.1.6 Sketches, similar to those in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, showingthe lo
25、cation of the sampling locations and the direction ofsampling (horizontally or vertically),7.1.7 The dimensions of the tests samples,7.1.8 Identification of the people doing the sampling, and7.1.9 Complete details of sampling plan being followed.8. Keywords8.1 anthracite; carbon; cathodes; core; gra
26、phite; sample;sampling; test specimensFIG. 1 Typical Core Drill BitD 6354 98 (2008)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the
27、 validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your
28、 comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments
29、have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multi
30、ple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 2 Sampling from Single Units Produced Without SlotFIG. 3 Sampling from Single Units Produced with SlotD 6354 98 (2008)3
